Begonia Cleopatra - daya daga cikin shahararrun furanni na cikin gida.
Yadda za a gudanar da kula da shi daidai, da kuma matsalolin da za su iya faruwa a lokacin namo gida, karanta a kasa.
Bayani na tsire-tsire na cikin gida
Gidan yana cikin iyalin Begonian. A cikin daji, ana samuwa a ko'ina a cikin gandun daji da na wurare masu zafi.
Shin kuna sani? Tubers iri iri iri na begonias suna dace da abinci. Bã su da wani dandano mai dadi tare da Citrus inuwa.
Cleopatra begonia wani tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ne, yana kai kimanin 30 cm a tsawo. Yana nufin labaceous perennials. Harbe da aka tattara a cikin rubutun. An kafa shi, an rufe shi ba tare da tsabta ba. Launi na tushe shi ne manzo. 
Gilashin launi sun kasance nau'i-nau'i-nau'i, suna kama da launi. A gefuna na faranti an raba, aka yi ado da hakora. An rufe fentin gefen takarda a cikin launi mai duhu. Yawan launi zai iya zama haske ko duhu lokacin da yake motsi shuka akan dan haske. Ƙarshen takalman launi yana launin ja ko burgundy.
Farawa na farawa a cikin Janairu, yana da kusan wata daya. Furen ƙananan ƙananan, har zuwa 2 cm a diamita, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin wani ƙaddarar ƙirar elongated sprawling inflorescence. Jirgin ya zama ruwan hoda, ya ɓoye maɓallin rawaya.
Yanayi don girma a gidajen
Lokacin da aka tsara yanayi don begonias, Cleopatra ya kula da abubuwa uku:
- sami wurin da ya dace;
- samar da yanayin zazzabi mai kyau;
- daidaita yanayin zafi.
Yanayi da haske
Don ci gaba da bunƙasa furen kuna buƙatar yawan haske. Mafi kyau rana hasken rana don Cleopatra begonia - 12 hours. Zai fi kyau a sanya tsire-tsire a sassan yamma ko gabas. 
Idan ba zai yiwu ba don samar da wuri daidai:
- sanya shading daga hasken rana a gefen kudu;
- a arewacin - fitowa don ƙarin haske.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin Himalayas, mazauna gida suna amfani da sashin ƙasa na begonias a matsayin kayan yaji ga nama da kifi.
Yanayin yanayin zafi
Cleopatra begonia tasowa a dakin da zazzabi + 18 ... + 30 ° C, dangane da kakar. Babu lokacin hutawa mai haske don shuka, sabili da haka ba lallai ba ne don ƙara rage yawan zafin jiki a dakin.
Air iska
Ganye, wanda ya zo mana daga wurare masu zafi, yana buƙatar zafi. Sakamakon mafi kyau shine 80%. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a kula da ruwan gari a cikin kashi 50 cikin dari, guje wa lalacewar ruwa. 
Kulawa na gida
Cleopatra yana da sauƙi don kulawa da begonia, amma idan kun keta wasu dokoki, injin ya haifar ta hanyar faduwa da furanni da furanni.
Saboda gaskiyar cewa lokacin ragewa ya nuna rashin ƙarfi, ba lallai ba ne ya halicci yanayi na musamman a cikin hunturu. Cikin Cleopatra a + 18 ... + 22 ° C. Yanayin kawai shi ne don kula da barga mai zafi. Don yin wannan, ana amfani da masu zafi da wani zane mai laushi ko pallets tare da gaurar rigar a kusa da furanni. A lokaci guda, yawan ruwan da aka gabatar a cikin ƙasa ya rage.
Top dressing
Rikuni na sama sukan sau 2 a wata a lokacin bazara-rani. Suna samar da takin gargajiya na musamman don 'yan tsirrai da begonias. Yana da dangantaka da shirye-shiryen kogano-minerals. Har ila yau, ya tabbatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Bona Forte". 
Ga shuke-shuke matasa, ana amfani da kwayoyi a cikin sashi na kasa da rabi fiye da kayyade cikin umarnin. Daga shekara ta farko na rayuwar shuka, an tsara sashi sosai bisa ga umarnin. A tsakiyar lokacin rani, zaku iya amfani da bayani na itace ash (1 tbsp) 5 lita na ruwa) da kuma man shanu (1 tbsp na takin zuwa lita 5 na ruwa).
Yana da muhimmanci! Daga takin gargajiya don begonias kada ku yi amfani da slurry - akwai babban haɗarin ƙone tushen.
Watering fasali
Flower shayar moderately. A lokacin da aka gabatar da ruwa, kana buƙatar ɗaukar mai tushe a hankali ka zuba shi a karkashin tushen. A lokacin rani zafi watering ne da za'ayi sau ɗaya kowace 2-3 days, a cikin hunturu - sau ɗaya a mako.
Yawan zafin jiki na ruwa dole ya dace da zafin jiki na yanayi. Juriya shine bambancin ± 2 ° C. 
Cirewa a lokacin rani ciyarwa kullum. A watan Satumba, ana sauke tsire-tsire a yanayin sauyawa sau ɗaya a mako, kuma wata mai zuwa za su tsaya gaba daya. Idan zafi yana da ƙasa, amfani da moisturizers.
Kara karantawa game da siffofin daji na sauran nau'o'in begonias: Bolivian, murjani, mai daraja.
Yadda za a datsa da kuma sake ginawa?
Ana gudanar da begonias na tsabta don tsara girma, flowering da sabuntawar daji. Bayan kai kan tsawo mai nisa na 7 cm, an yanke ta da almakashi, ana bi da shi da barasa. Wannan stimulates girma na a kaikaice harbe. Nan da nan bayan pruning, sun rage yawan adadin da ake amfani da ita a cikin ƙasa kuma ta dakatar da rubutun lokaci. Da zarar mai layi na tsakaita, za ka iya ci gaba da yanayin kulawa. Bayan kai a gefe stalks na tsawon 10 cm ciyar na biyu pruning. An sanya yanke a sama da koda, wanda yake a waje da kara. Bayan ƙaddamarwa an yi shi ne kawai lokacin da kake buƙatar cire:
- dried ganye / harbe;
- peduncles.
Cleopatra begonias dashi a kowace shekara. Zai fi kyau a yi wannan a cikin bazara, amma idan ya cancanta, zaka iya a kowane lokaci na shekara. Alal misali, idan tsire-tsire ya fara tasowa, kuma an maye gurbin ƙasa da gaggawa. Tare da shirya dashi, ana ɗauke da tukunya 2 cm mafi girma a diamita kuma a tsawo fiye da baya. Babban abin da ake buƙata don iya aiki yana da isasshen wuraren ramuka. Kayan abin da aka sanya ba abu ba ne.An sayo ƙasar don begonias a cikin ɗakunan ajiya na musamman ko aka kafa su da kansu, a haɗa su a daidai daidai:
- Ƙasa ƙasa;
- peat;
- sand mai yawa.
Don wannan abun da ke ciki ya haɓaka 10% perlite da lalata gawayi. Rashin ƙawancin ƙasa shine ana yin shi ta hanyar kira a cikin tanda a zafin jiki na + 100 ° C tare da bude kofa. Bayan haka, an zubar da ƙasa tare da bayani na manganese (1 g da 1 l na ruwa) da kuma haɗuwa sosai.
Shin kuna sani? Begonia yana samar da kananan tsaba a duniya. Daga 30 g na iri iri fiye da miliyan 3 shuke-shuke iya germinate.
Ana canja wurin canja wuri ta hanyar hanyar shinge. Don sauƙaƙe kau da tsire-tsire daga cikin tukunya, ƙasa ƙasa da minti 30 kafin magudi ya shayar da ruwa sosai. A kasan sabon akwati an sanya 2 cm na yumbuɗa kumbura, kuma a saman - 2 cm na ƙasa. Lokacin da ƙasa ta zama mai laushi, ana kwantar da injin daga cikin tukunya tare da wani clox. Dubi ƙasar da asali don tafiyar da kayan aiki. Idan komai abu ne na al'ada, koma nan da nan zuwa wani sabon tukunya kuma yayyafa kayan da ke cikin ƙasa. Tsire-tsire suna jingina a kan wuyan wuyansa har ya kai 2 cm sama da ƙasa. Kwana guda bayan dasawa, tsire-tsire ba ruwa ba, amma kawai kula da matakin mafi kyau na iska mai zafi. Da takin mai magani bayan an dasawa a cikin wata daya. 
Tsarin hanyoyi
Don ninka shrub a gida, zaka iya amfani da daya daga hanyoyi biyu:
- Alamar rubutu;
- iri.
Cuttings
Cuttings mafi alhẽri kai bayan flowering. Yawancin na karshe ya ragu da 7 cm. An sanya katakon da aka yanke a tsawon awa 24 a cikin wani bayani game da ci gaba mai girma ("Zircon"). Add 10 saukad da ruwa zuwa lita 1 na ruwa. Bayan kwanakin rana, za'a maye gurbin maganin tare da ci gaba mai sauƙi tare da ruwa mai tsabta na dakin da zazzabi.
Da zuwan asalinsu, dole ne a dasa shi a cikin karamin akwati mai tsayi 5 cm high, 10 cm a diamita Ana daukar ƙasa don tsire-tsire masu girma. Kafin amfani da kasar gona mai tsabta tare da bayani na itace ash (1 tbsp. L ash a kan lita 1 na ruwa). A tsakiyar cikin tafki na samar da rami sannan kuma ka nutse tushen sa. Rashin kanta kanta an rusa cikin ƙasa ta 1-2 cm don kwanciyar hankali. Domin mako guda, an ajiye injin a cikin ɗakin da ya fi duhu kuma an rufe shi da wata sassauka mai haske (za'a iya yin shi daga kwalban filastin yanke). Bayan mako daya, lokacin da tsire-tsire ta samo asali, ana iya raya shi zuwa wuri na dindindin. 
Da zuwan farkon ganye fara sa ciyar. A mataki na farko, ana gabatar da urea. Yana taimakawa wajen ci gaba da ci gaba da yaduwar duhu. 10 g na abu an kara zuwa 1 lita na ruwa da kuma fesa a kan ganye da ƙasa. Za'a iya yin amfani da wannan ciyarwa ta hanyar amfani da bayani. Kwanni 2 bayan haka, ƙara karamin takin zuwa ƙasa. A nan gaba, ta yin amfani da shirye-shirye na musamman don ciyar da begonias.
Bincika gidan begonias mafi mashahuri.
Seed
Mafi kyawun lokaci na shuka begonias shine tsakiyar Fabrairu. Saukowa a baya ya bukaci ƙarin samfurin haske. In ba haka ba, seedlings zasu sha wahala daga rashin haske, kuma girma zai ragu.
Don amfanin gona na gida, yana da kyau a saya tsaba mai sanye. Za su kasance masu sauki don rarraba kan yankin na ƙasa a cikin akwati. Dama don saukowa, zaka iya ɗauka. Ƙasa ta kunshi:
- peat;
- yashi;
- turf ƙasa;
- perlite;
- spossu mashi.
Tasa fasaha:
- A kasa na tanki sa wani Layer na malalewa a cikin 3 cm.
- Cika da tukunya tare da mahimmanci.
- A tsaba ana dage farawa daga nesa na 5 cm daga juna, sa'an nan kuma rufe da sifted yashi.
- An rufe nauyin tukunya da fim kuma an saita shi a kan taga sill, zai fi dacewa kusa da na'urorin haɗi. Mafi yawan zazzabi a lokacin germination na tsaba + 25 ° C.
- Lokaci-lokaci, ana buƙatar albarkatun gona, cire fim din da kuma tsaftacewa, idan ya cancanta, daga kwalba mai laushi.
- Da zuwan germs, an cire fim ɗin gaba daya. Ana rage yawan zazzabi a dakin 2 ° C.
Yana da muhimmanci! Cigaban tsaba na daukan daga kwanaki 10 zuwa 16. Amma ƙwayar matasan suna cigaba da sannu a hankali, wani lokacin yana iya bayyana cewa ba su girma ba - waɗannan su ne hanyoyin tafiyar da yanayin halitta don shuka da aka yi la'akari, saboda haka babu abinda ake bukata.
Ƙarin kulawa shine don samar da microclimate mai mahimmanci kuma yayyafa ƙasa tare da ruwa daga kwalba mai laushi. Da zarar sprouts isa zuwa tsawo na 5 cm, za su iya nutsewa a cikin daban-daban kwantena. Kwana guda bayan daukana, an fara amfani da takin mai magani bisa ga shirin da aka tsara don cuttings.
Difficulties a girma
Tsire-tsire suna yi mummunar ga kulawa mara kyau. Wannan kusan kullum yana haifar da ci gaban cututtuka da kuma yaduwar kwari.
Kara karantawa game da cututtuka da kwari na begonias, da kuma hanyoyi don magance su.
Cututtuka
Cleopatra begonia zai iya bugawa:
- Kokwamba Mosaic Virus - Madogararsa zai iya gurɓata ƙasa wanda ba'a yi masa kyau ba kafin amfani. An nuna shi ta hanyar launin rawaya a cikin ganyayyaki, wanda zai haifar da lalatawar kayan shuka. Babu magani ga wannan cuta, amma yana yaduwa sosai da sauri, don haka a lokacin da aka gano alamun farko, yi cikakken tsaftacewa daga cikin dakin daga furen kamuwa.
- Gilashin gira - Ciwon ƙwayar cuta wanda ke cigaba da sauri a cikin wani wuri mai tsabta. Tabbatar da kullun da aka yi a kan ganye. Don ajiye shuka, kana buƙatar sake shirya shi a cikin ɗaki mai bushe, cire sassan da suka shafi, sannan kuma magani tare da tushe (1 g da 1 l na ruwa). Maganin ya kamata ya fada ba kawai a kan kore, amma kuma a kan ƙasa. Idan kasar gona ta yi yawa sosai kuma tsari yana rinjayar tushen tsarin, buƙatar gaggawa ya zama dole. A wannan yanayin, maimakon wani bayani, tushe foda yana amfani da foda + ash. An gauraye su 1: 1 kuma sunyi ƙura, kuma sun kara da ƙasa.
- Mealy dew - Madogararsa ita ce naman gwari, wadda tayi girma cikin yanayin yanayin zafi da ƙananan wurare. Bayyana kanta takaddama a kan takardun ganye da kuma mai tushe. Cire cutar za ta iya amfani da magunguna masu fadi. Na farko, cire waxanda suka lalace daga cikin tsire-tsire kuma ka wanke takarda tare da sintin auduga wanda aka yalwata da ruwa mai tsabta. Bayan an dasa shuka zuwa wani ɗakin da aka yi da kyau kuma an shayar da shi tare da tushe a hade tare da itace ash.
Jarabawa
Daga cikin kwari a kan begonias mafi kusantar kai farmaki:
- gizo-gizo mite - an shafe ta da taimakon miyagun ƙwayoyi "Decis" (1 g da lita 2 na ruwa);
- garkuwa - cire ta wanke wanka tare da maganin sabulu + 3 jiyya tare da "Fitoverm" bisa ga umarnin.
Shin kuna sani? Dangane da matakan ganyayyaki da kuma kwantar da ƙaya, itatuwan begonia sunyi amfani da su don yin kwantar da wuka.
Begonia Cleopatra - in mun gwada da kyau a kula da tsire-tsire da ke janye siffofin kayan ado. Tare da duk bukatun da ake bukata don girma da kuma samar da microclimate mai mahimmanci, da wuya fuskantar fuskantar cututtuka da kwari.
