Har zuwa yau, akwai dubban iri tumatir. Kuma a kowace shekara akwai darajojin su tare da sababbin wakilan. Mutane da yawa tumatir kama da wasu kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries. Pepper tumatir kama da barkono. Wadannan iri suna da kyau a cikin lambu saboda yawan amfanin su, kuma masu sha'awar mata suna darajar su.
Bayyanar da bayanin irin nau'in
Akwai mai yawa barkono irin tumatir. Tumatir "Pepper-like giant" yana daya daga cikinsu, da kuma bayanin wannan iri-iri yana da siffofin da yawa:
- An yi amfani da ita don namo a cikin greenhouses, kuma tana tsiro a yankunan kudancin a bude ƙasa;
- Indeterminate: a cikin yanayi mai koshin lafiya tare da kulawa mai kyau zai iya girma kuma ya bada 'ya'ya fiye da shekara guda;
- Tsayi: tsawo na daji - 1.5-2 m, yana bukatar garter. Branches tare da manyan ganye na kore duhu launi;
- tsakiyar kakar: fara fara 'ya'ya a cikin kwanaki 100-120;
- yawan aiki: 6-9 kg daga 1 sq. m tare da kulawa mai kyau.
Shin kuna sani? Tsakanin tumatir masu ƙayyade suna da girma maras girma, suna girma ba tare da dadewa ba idan greenhouse yana da yanayin dacewa.
Hanyoyin Abinci
Kwayoyin tumatir ne mai sauƙin koya:
- siffar shine barkono-barkatai, mai ƙarfafawa (zuwa 15 cm);
- berries ne manyan, yin la'akari 150-250 g;
- launi na 'ya'yan itace cikakke yana da jan ja, fuskarsa mai santsi ne;
- da ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai yawa, fleshy, akwai kadan iri;
- dandano mai dadi, mai dadi: yana dauke da sugars fiye da wasu tumatir;
- mai sauƙin kaiwa saboda lokacin farin ciki.
Shin kuna sani? Har zuwa karni na 18, tumatir a matsayin tsire-tsire masu tsirrai, kuma an yi amfani da berries a matsayin mai guba.
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su da kuma rashin amfani da iri-iri
Amfanin
- dacewa don cin noma a cikin kariya da bude ƙasa;
- high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- kyakkyawar tashar sufuri;
- kyau gabatar da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
- kyau dandano;
- duniya amfani.
Bincika mafi kyau iri iri na tumatir don Siberia, Urals da yankin Moscow.
Fasali na girma
- Tsaba Dole ne a shuka a watan Maris, kwanaki 60-65 kafin sauka a kasa. An sanya akwatin akwatin da aka rufe da fim a wuri mai dumi. Lokacin da sprouts ya bayyana, ana bude kuma an sanya shi a kan windowsill a gefen rana.
- Seedlings ruwa a cikin kofuna bayan bayyanar 1-2 gaskiya ganye. Yana da kyawawa a mako kafin transplanting hardening harbe kowace rana.
- Saukowa a cikin ƙasa da aka kare an yi shi a watan Mayu, lokacin da akwai ganye guda biyar da fure-fure guda 1 a cikin tsire-tsire, da kuma a ƙasa mai bude - a watan Yuni. Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar shuka bisa ga makirci 60 h 50 cm kuma babu fiye da 4 guda da 1 square. m
- Kula uncomplicated. Tun daga farko, ya kamata a kafa bushes a cikin matakai 2-3, sauran shafuka za a shafe su. Mafi mahimmancin tsirrai da tsire-tsire yana da, ƙananan amfanin ƙasa zai ba. Bushes yayi tsayi, don haka suna bukatar ƙulla. Muna buƙatar weeding da hilling na bushes don yin tushen tsarin da karfi da mafi iko. Kuma ga ƙudan zuma don ci gaba kullum, kana buƙatar sau biyu ko sau uku a rana ciyar da kayan ma'adinai ma'adinai masu mahimmanci.
- Watering An yi shi sau 2-3 a mako guda da maraice da ruwa mai tsabta. Lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe, dole ne a sassauta.
Wadannan irin tumatir za a iya dangana ga indeterminate: "Koshivapy Bear", "Evpator", "Rapunzel", "Jubilee Tarasenko" da "Cosmonaut Volkov".
Yanayin fructification mafi girma
A cikin jaka na tsaba, mai gabatarwa ya nuna cewa: 'ya'yan itatuwa 5-9 an saka su a hannun ɗaya, kowannensu yayi nauyi har zuwa 250. Amma, da ra'ayin masu aikin lambu yayi hukunci, akwai wasu sakamako a aikace. Sau da yawa dalili ba shi da tushe a cikin rashin talauci na tsaba, amma a wani. Kowane irin tumatir yana buƙatar na gina jiki, musamman a yayin da aka fara samuwa da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa. Idan sun rasa, rage yawan aiki na bushes. Kuma ciyar da tumatir daidai "Pepper giant", za ka iya ta da fruiting da kuma ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa. An bada shawara don ciyar da tumatir a cikin 3 matakai:
- 10-15 days bayan dasa a cikin ƙasa don taimakawa tsire-tsire dace da girma tushen tsarin. A wannan lokacin, bushes musamman buƙatar nitrogen da phosphorus. Ana bada shawara don yin takin gargajiya na ruwa (mafita na taki, kaza taki ko ganye na jiko), zaka iya ƙara ma'adinai na ma'adinai.
- Kafin ko lokacin flowering: wannan zai karfafa karin berries don samarwa. Yanzu tumatir na bukatar potassium da phosphorus, amma kana buƙatar rage girman nitrogen. Zaka iya amfani da superphosphate (watannin 1.5 kafin girbi). Magunguna marasa magani sunyi tasiri a wannan lokacin: miya mai yisti (10 g na yisti mai yisti da 2 teaspoons na sukari na lita 10 na ruwa, nace a kan rana don 2-3 hours, tsarma tare da ruwa 1:10 da ruwa), madara madara (4 lita na ruwa, 1 l madara da 15 saukad da na iodine, spray), acid boric (5 g / 10 l na ruwa, tsire-tsire). Amma akwai shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen da ke taimakawa wajen samar da 'ya'yan itace: "Ovary", "Bud", "Ideal", "Senor Tomato", "Appin".
- A lokacin 'ya'yan itace, don inganta dandano tumatir da haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ma'adinai na ma'adinai (superphosphate ko nitrophoska tare da sodium humate) da kuma kwayoyin (mafita dangane da ash, iodine, boron, manganese) sun dace.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ganye tumatir a cikin yanayin ganyayyaki yana buƙatar musamman don ciyar da wannan abinci, saboda saboda ƙara yawan zafi da iska mai dadi, adadin ganye a kan bishiyoyi yana ƙaruwa, da 'ya'yan itatuwa - rage-rage.
Girbi
Girbi a cikin greenhouses iya zama a tsakiyar Yuli, da kuma a bude filin - kadan daga baya. Kamar sauran nau'in da ba za a yanke ba, a cikin "Giant-pepper-like giant", fruiting tasowa har sai kaka frosts faruwa. A wannan lokaci daga 1 km. Zan iya tara har zuwa kilo 9 na berries, idan kulawa ya dace.
Yana da muhimmanci! An bada shawara don kawar da abubuwan da ke faruwa a watan Agustan: sabon 'ya'yan itatuwa ba zai da lokacin yin shuruwa kafin sanyi. Har ila yau, wajibi ne a yi amfani da ƙananan bishiyoyi don kada su kara girma kuma kada su ciyar da karfi akan shi.
Amfani da 'ya'yan itace
Tumatir "Pertvidny Giant" yana da dandano mai dadi tare da kadan, saboda haka, suna farin cikin ci shi sabo ne kuma an yi amfani dasu don yin salatin sabo. Tsaran, ɓangaren ɓangaren 'ya'yan itace da ƙananan tsaba suna sa su dace da shayarwa, gurasa, ƙwanƙasa, salting, canning (duka a cikin ƙasa da kuma ƙasa). Maturfafan berries sun ƙunshi yawan sugars, don haka jaririn abinci, juices da kuma dankali mai yalwace anyi daga gare su. "Gumma-giant" yana daya daga cikin irin tumatir iri-iri, tsire-tsire masu kyau wanda zai haifar da kyakkyawan sakamako.