Kayan itatuwan lambu suna da ƙaunatacciyar kasarmu. Bayan sanyi mai sanyi da sanyi don haka kuna so ku gwada sabon ƙwaro! Kuma kowa da kowa san cewa farkon iri-iri cherries ne "Shpanka". Za mu tattauna a cikin wannan labarin game da noma wannan iri-iri iri-iri, game da dacewar dasa shuki na seedlings da kuma kula da kayan lambu, wanda zai tabbatar da girbi mai kyau.
Bayani na sashin ceri "Shpanka"
Cherry "Shpanka" wani matashi ne wanda ke dogara ne akan nau'o'in cherries da cherries. "Shpanka" yana da nau'o'in iri kuma ana girma a cikin lambun Ukrainian da Moldovan. Bambancin bambancin ya nuna matukar tsire-tsire mai tsayi na 6-9 m, amma a cikin gidajen lambuna akwai itatuwan ceri da suka wuce mita 10. Kambin "Shpanki" yana da yawa. Rashin rassan ya fita daga gangar jikin a kusurwar digiri 90, tsawon tsawon rassan matashi ya kai mita uku.
Tun lokacin da ƙwayar itace ba shi da kyau, to, tare da rassan iska na rassan zasu iya karya daga jikin.
Tsarin itace yana farawa a rabi na biyu na watan Mayu, lokaci na flowering zai iya motsawa a daya shugabanci ko wani - yana dogara ne akan yadda dumi Mayu yake. Kwanya da kyawawan kyawawan gani ne, itacen yana alama a fararen fata da ruwan hoda.
Bincika irin nau'o'in cherries irin su Ma'adinan Hudu, Ashinskaya, Miracle Cherry, Mayak, Izobilnaya, Chernokorka, Morozovka, Uralskaya Rubinovaya, Lyubskaya, da Zhukovsky "," Besseya "," Black Large "," Turgenevka "," Matasa "," Chocolate "," Vladimirskaya "," Kharitonovskaya "," Morozovka ".A rana, furen furanni yana janye dubban ƙudan zuma, tattara kwalliya a cikin kofuna na furanni da kuma lokaci guda na shuke-shuke pollinating. Ana tattara furanni a cikin inflorescences na furanni 5-7. Furen suna kunshe da furanni guda biyar masu tasowa tare da tinge mai ruwan hoda.
Lokacin da itacen ya fure, furen ya tashi ya tashi, tsakiyar flower cherry ya fara girma da kuma zuba. Wannan shi ne nan gaba Berry - ceri.Ganye na shuka suna da laushi, tare da launin launi mai launi mai duhu, suna a haɗe da rassan da burgundy stalks. 'Ya'yan' 'Shpanki' 'sun fara a cikin kwanaki na ƙarshe na Yuni ko farkon shekaru goma na watan Yuli, ƙananan bishiyoyi suna farawa daga na biyu zuwa na uku na rayuwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Wasu mutane suna so su zama nama kamar kwayoyi na ceri. Amma abinda ke ciki na ƙwayar ceri zai iya zama mara lafiya ga lafiyar jiki, kamar yadda nucleolus ya ƙunshi prussic acid.A kan kananan bishiyoyi akwai ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa ne kawai. Wani matashi mai girma daga biyar zuwa shekara ta shida na rayuwa yana haifar da amfanin gona har zuwa 50 kilogiram na berries.
Halaye berries (launi, siffar, iyawa)
- Berry shine babba, matsakaicin nauyi har zuwa 45 g.
- Yana da fatar launin fata mai launin fata da shunayya mai kyan gani.
- A cikin gabar akwai rawaya mai launin rawaya.
- A siffar da berries ne zagaye, dan kadan flattened.
- Gwanon da ke da ƙanshi yana da dadi, tare da hasken sauti.
A tsawon na Berry stalk ne 5-6 cm.
Fruiting "Shpanki" - shekara-shekara.
Wani itace zai iya kasa girbi ne kawai idan a lokacin tsinkayen katako na dutse yanayi ya ba da mamaki ta hanyar sanyi.
A cikin yanayin furanni masu sanyi, tsakiya (wurin berry ovary) ya juya baƙar fata, kuma, idan sun yi fure, ba su da 'ya'ya. 
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su da kuma rashin amfani da iri-iri
Abubuwan amfana daga cikin iri-iri sun haɗa da wadannan:
- zai iya girma akan duka haske da talauci da laka. Hakika, girbi na berries a ƙasa mara kyau zai zama ƙasa da ingancin berries zai zama mafi muni, amma girbi zai kasance har yanzu;
- Cherry "Shpanka" - samoplodnoe shuka;
- quite sauki don girma da unpretentious don kulawa;
- Itacen bishiya yana dauke da raguwa mai zurfi a -30 ° C, kuma sanyi a -18 ° C shine yanayin hunturu na musamman.
Gashin itace ba karfi ba, bayyanar ƙwayar da ƙwayar yana gudana a kan haushi yana shafar:
- da sauri girma na itace;
- dawo spring frosts;
- karfi frosts hunturu.
Saukowa
Ma'aikata zasu magance matsalolin da yawa a cikin tsarin girma na 'ya'yan itace. Babban dalili game da bayyanar irin wadannan matsalolin da ke cikin gonar shi ne dasa bishiyoyi marasa kyau, maras nisa tsakanin su.
Da yake gaskiyar cewa "Shpanki" suna da babban kambi mai girma, sarari a tsakanin bishiyoyi ya zama akalla mita 2.5-3.
Yakin kwanakin
Cherry seedlings za a iya dasa biyu a spring da kuma kaka.
A cikin yankuna da ciwo mai tsanani, dasa shuki ya fi dacewa domin yaron ya sami lokaci ya yi tushe da gina tushen tushen tsarin kafin ingancin sanyi. Lokaci na dasa shuki mai bazara a lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta narke kuma ƙasa a gonar ta kafe kadan.
A wannan lokaci, duniya tana da dumi sosai, amma har yanzu yana riƙe da danshi. Wannan yakan faru a farkon Afrilu. 
A cikin yankunan da girgizar ƙasa, ƙwaƙwan kaji ana shuka su ne a cikin fall. Lokaci mai kyau don dasa shuki matasan shuke-shuke yakan zo ne lokacin da zafi ya ragu (ƙarshen Satumba - Oktoba).
Idan an dasa shuki a wannan lokaci, kadan fiye da wata daya ya kasance kafin lokacin sanyi, kuma wannan lokaci ya isa ga seedling ya dace da sabon yanayi.
Wuri
Don samun nasarar shuka wani ceri, kana buƙatar yin tunani a hankali game da zaɓin wuri don dasa. Gwanayen dutse kamar wuraren da suke karewa daga iska, don haka a lokacin hunturu sanyi ya iskar da samfurin matasa ba zai mutu ba.
Lokacin zabar wuri, wajibi ne don ware wurare masu ƙasƙancin wuri inda ruwan sama yake kusa da ƙasa. Kwayoyin tushen sassan "Shpanka" suna da yawa, yawanta yawanci kusan sau biyu ya fi girma girma, kuma zurfin tushen sa kai mita daya da rabi. 
Idan an shuka shuka a cikin wani wuri mai lakabi, to, tare da zurfin zurfi akwai yiwuwar sun hadu da hanyoyin samar da danshi, wanda zai haifar da juyawa da mutuwar ceri.
Cherry ba ya son inuwa da penumbra - a cikin irin wannan yanayi, ci gaban itacen ya ragu, rawar amfanin gona ba zai faru ba. Idan maƙwabcin sapling na Cornish Cherry wata kwaya ne, to, nisa tsakanin wadannan tsire-tsire ya zama akalla mita 4-5.
Shin kuna sani? A lokacin spring spring na cikin gidãjen Aljannar, ƙudan zuma fara kulla ceri zuma. Wannan zuma shine daya daga farkon, launin rawaya mai launi, ba tare da mai ƙanshi ba, daidaitattun ruwa. Yana da kyau antimicrobial, analgesic da anti-inflammatory wakili. Cherry zuma yana da amfani ga mutanen da suke farkawa daga rashin lafiya mai tsanani, amfani da shi ya inganta tsarin rigakafi.Gyada ne mai maƙwabtaka mai maƙwabtaka da kowane itace, yayin da yake girma sosai a sama, kuma a shekara ta uku na rayuwarsa kambinsa ya riga ya kasance a cikin sarari fiye da mita huɗu. Yana ɓoyewa kuma yana dame dukkan itatuwa da ke girma a unguwar.
Shirin shiri
Kafin ka sayi kyawawan seedlings, wani lambu yana buƙatar tunani game da wurin dasa shuki. An shafe wurin da aka zaba daga weeds da tsofaffi bishiyoyi da shrubs. Bayan haka, an sanya alamar ƙasa, inda akwai wurare don digo wuraren rami.
Saukowa a kasa
Lokacin da kuka dasa kayan lambu, kuna buƙatar la'akari da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don ingantaccen shuka wannan shuka:
- ramin tasowa yana zurfin zurfin mita 50, fadin ramin ya zama akalla mita daya;
- da nisa a cikin jere a tsakanin raƙuman ruwa guda biyu an bar su a game da ci gaba mai girma na kambi - daga 2.5 zuwa 3 m;
- da nisa a tsakanin layuka biyu na cherries an bar su ne game da ci gaba na gaba mai yawa na tsarin tushen - daga 3.5 zuwa 5 m;
- guga na takin gargajiya (taki, humus, humus) an zuba a cikin rami mai faduwa kuma an hade shi da ƙasa;
Takin gargajiya sun hada da bambaro, labaran tattabara, nama da kifin nama, madara mai laushi, barkatai na dankalin turawa, ƙwayoyin kwai, fata na bango, ƙurar taba, barkan albasa, tarbiyoyi, tumaki.
- to, ana zuba lita 10 na ruwa cikin rami;
- bayan shakar ruwa na ruwa a cikin ƙasa, wani nau'i mai girbi mai sauƙi da aka daidaita dawaki an saka shi a tsaye cikin rami;
- tushen tsarin na seedling an cika da ƙasa;
- a kusa da ganga na shuka shuka nau'i madauwari earthen rollers (tarnaƙi na watering);
- An shuka itacen da aka dasa shi a shayar lita 10 na ruwa.
Daga baya a kowace rana an zuba guga na ruwa a gindin itacen. Irin wannan watering za a gudanar har sai injin yana da tushe a sabon wuri.Mai nuna alama cewa sapling ya fara, zai zama fitowar sababbin rassan gefe ko ganye.
Pristvolny da'irar cherries za a iya mulched, a matsayin ciyawa za ka iya amfani da takin ko uku zuwa hudu shekaru humus.
Don daya seedling kana buƙatar guga na takin.
Bayan dasa shuki a kusa da gangar jikin shuka (10-15 cm), an jefa katako na katako cikin kasa (har zuwa mita 1), wanda aka daura nau'in seedling. Wannan zai adana matasa shuka daga watsewar iska.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da dasa shuki cherries, kana bukatar ka kula da gaskiyar cewa a lokacin dasa shuki baza ka binne wuyansa na wucin gadi a kasa da matakin da seedling girma a cikin gandun daji. Wannan matsayi yana bayyane ga ido mara kyau: ɓangaren itacen da ya girma a cikin iska zai zama launin ruwan kasa mai launin launin ruwan launi, ɓangaren ƙasa zai sami launi mai haske.An yanke saman shuka ne zuwa kashi uku na uku tare da lambun lambu. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen saurin karuwar nauyin seedling da ci gaba da tushen tsarin.
Kula da itatuwa
Don samun cikewar cherries, wani lambu yana bukatar kula da bishiyoyi:
- sassauta kasar gona da kuma samar da kambi ta hanyar pruning;
- lokaci zuwa ruwa, kulawa da haushin itace;
- Tsarin tsire-tsire daga cututtukan cututtuka da cututtukan cututtuka;
- rufe murfin ƙasa kusa da pristvolny circles;
- takin kuma tabbatar da rashin weeds.
Watering
Ya kamata a shayar da ƙwaya a cikin rashin ruwan sama a kalla sau ɗaya a mako, yayin da ake amfani da lita 40-50 na ruwa da tsire-tsire.
Wajibi ne don rufe ƙasa a kan tushen tushen tare da ciyawa - wannan zai rage evaporation daga danshi daga ƙasa da kuma bukatar shuka don watering. 
A lokacin da ceri yana buƙatar m kullum watering:
- Lokacin shuka itace (tsakiyar May - karshen Mayu);
- lokacin cika 'ya'yan itace (shekara ta biyu na Yuni).
Idan babu tsari, to lallai wajibi ne don gudanar da wani haske mai tsabta na ƙasa kusa da tushen Layer a kowane mako - wannan hanya zai taimaka wajen kiyaye ƙasa daga ƙasa daga bushewa.
Kyakkyawan bayani zai kasance na yau da kullum na shuka a lokacin rani. Idan lambu yana da wannan damar, zaka iya shirya drip ban ruwa a cikin karamar ceri.
Don ƙididdige yawan ruwan sha na kowace rana don kowane ceri, kana buƙatar la'akari da cewa kowace shuka zai buƙaci 20-30 lita na ruwa. 
Top dressing
Domin 'ya'yan itace dutse su kasance barci da kuma shekara-shekara, ana bukatar ciyar da itatuwa.
Tazarar shekara ta miya. Lokacin cin abinci - ƙarshen Maris - tsakiyar Afrilu. Pristvolny da'ira cherry tsabtace daga cikin bara ta ganye da kuma yin ammonium nitrate a kan surface Layer na kasar gona.
Ga kowane mita mita na ƙasa, an dauki 20-30 g na gishiri, bayan ruwa (2 buckets) yana gudana a kan taki.
Spring ciyar da talauci overwintered seedlings. Ƙasa a yankin da kewayen gefen motar an narke tare da takin ruwa. An yi taki taki kamar haka: 20 g na urea yana narkar da shi a guga guda na ruwa. Wannan adadin ya isa ga daya shuka.
Summer ciyar, da za'ayi a karshen fruiting cherries. An shayar da shuka tare da cakuda abinci wanda ya kunshi 3 tablespoons na superphosphate da 2 tablespoons na potassium chloride gauraye da lita 10 na ruwa. 
Ga kowane itacen girma kana buƙatar buƙatun bugunan burodin burodin burodi 3.5.
Autumn top miya don hunturu cherries. Sauran rawanin rani, tare da gabatar da kwayoyin halitta ba tare da haɗuwa ba, a cikin adadin 0.5 buckets na taki a cikin tushen tushen kowace shuka. Kamar yadda takin gargajiya, zaka iya daukar shanu da shanu, shekaru biyu na humus, takin, humus.
Amincewa ne da aka gudanar ne kawai bayan kasar gona karkashin shuka an barrantar sako-sako da foliage da weeds.
Whitewash
Ya kamata a kiyaye haushin matasa (a karkashin shekaru uku) don kunar rana a jiki. Don wannan, a farkon spring, da ganga da ƙananan rassan da ceri suna ado a cikin farin takarda case. Za a iya yin wannan murfin "shimfiɗa" daga wani zane mai bangon waya.
Trunks na girma 'ya'yan itace kowane tsire-tsire. Ga mutane da yawa, kayan wanke da bishiyoyi masu kyau sune alamar spring mai zuwa kuma azumin Easter. 
Amma sautin bishiya ba don ado ba, yana kare tsire-tsire daga cututtuka masu cutarwa, kunar rana da kuma cutar.
Don tsabtace mai tushe, bai isa ya zama mai lemun tsami ba, kana buƙatar ƙara da haɗa wasu kayan da suka fi dacewa a cikin bayani:
- Lita 10 na ruwa;
- 3 kg na lemun tsami-fluff;
- 1 kg na sabo ne dung;
- 1.5 kg na lãka;
- Girasa 100 gram na wanke wanki.
Pruning
Cherry "Shpanka" - itace da nau'in kayan ado na 'ya'yan itace da kayan taya a kan harbe-shekara. Don ingantawa ya kasance mai saurin gaske, dole ne a gudanar da tsire-tsire a cikin shekara ta shekara.
Koyi kuma game da lalata irin itatuwan 'ya'yan itace kamar peach, apple, ceri, pear, plum, apricot.Ana yin amfani da kayan ƙanshi ta yin amfani da kayan lambu ko kayan lambu.
Lokacin mafi kyau don yin wannan hanya shine farkon spring, kafin kumbura buds fara girma.Mene ne pruning shekara-shekara ba:
- Tsarukan tsire-tsire masu tsirrai.
- Kada ka bari itacen ya overgrow tare da wuce haddi rassan (thicken da kambi);
- pruning na taimaka wa gaskiyar cewa berries girma ya fi girma;
- karuwa a yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- bayan pruning, da shuka tsiro da yawa 'ya'yan itace rassan rassan.
Shin kuna sani? A al'adun Jafananci, mai ban sha'awa mai ban mamaki na sakura yana da matuƙar godiya. Jafananci suna yin hutu na mako-mako, suna ƙoƙarin daidaita daidai da su musamman ga kyakkyawan furen irin wannan ceri tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa marasa inganci.Yadda za a samar da wani samari ceri:
- saukowa shekara An shuka tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, suna barin rassan rassan kawai. Wadannan rassan skeletal na tsire-tsire, tsayin daka kusa da su shine 10-15 cm.
- a shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar yanke rassan da suka girma a cikin kambi. Yawancin girma girma kwarangwal suna raguwa kadan, da shuka ya kamata girma more a cikin breadth, amma ba a tsawo. Ana amfani da pruning don daidaitawa da kuma kada kullun ya ɗauka tare da rassan ba dole ba;
- a cikin shekaru masu zuwa irin wannan pruning ya kamata a yi kowane spring. A tsufa, 'yan shekaru goma a lokacin pruning, dried, rassan maras kyau sun cire. Saboda haka, an sake juye tsohuwar ƙwar zuma, kuma tsawon lokacin da aka samar da shi ya kara tsawon shekaru.
Yana da muhimmanci! A ƙarshen pruning, duk cututtuka akan haushi na itace suna suma tare da farar lambun ko lambun man man.Yadda za a dafa filin farar lambu: 250 g na man shafawa, 200 g na kakin zuma da kuma 50 g na Pine danko an sanya shi a cikin wani tsohon saucepan. An sanya akwati a cikin wanka mai ruwa kuma an gudanar da shi har sai an gama dukkanin kayan. Ya kamata juya fitar da daidaito na lokacin farin ciki cream.
Idan sakamakon abun da ke ciki yana da ruwa sosai - ana iya dan kadan ta hanyar ƙara itace ash. Don yin bayani mafi ruwa, zaka iya amfani da duk kayan mai.
Cututtuka da kwari
Cherry "Shpanka" yana fama da cututtukan fungal kamar coccomycosis, moniliosis, anthracnose.
Cherry coccomycosis yana bayyana a cikin launi ja a kan ganye mai laushi, da fararen fata da ruwan hoda na naman kaza a kan ƙananan ɓangaren ganye da nakasa, ba dace ba don cin berries. Sakamakon cutar ta samo daga shuka a lokacin watannin bazara. 
Daya daga cikin sakamakon coccomicosis shi ne cewa itacen ya shiga cikin rashin lafiyar hunturu, ya raunana, kuma wannan zai haifar da mutuwarsa. Naman gwari masu lalacewa sun ɓarke a cikin layi.
Matakan don rigakafin coccomycosis:
- magani a spring Bordeaux cakuda matasa ganye;
- a karshen flowering, ana bi da gonar tare da Topsin-M ko Skor;
- cire daga shafin yanar gizo ko hallaka ta wuta ta fadi.
Moniliasis Cherry (na biyu suna - monilial ƙona) - Cututtuka na fungal, a fili ya bayyana kamar "gurasar" rassan da ganye. Sanya monilioz yana haifar da karuwar launin toka a kan haushi bishiya da berries, bayan haka wasu daga cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa sunyi fashe kuma sun fadi.
Sauran berries a kan rassan bushe (mummified). An yi amfani da naman gwari da ƙuƙwalwa da ƙuƙwalwa, wanda zai kai ga mutuwar tsire-tsire. 
Yadda za a magance moniliosis cherries:
- bi da cakuda na bordeaux ko 3% bayani na ferrous sulfate kawai bloomed ganye;
- yankakken bishiyoyi tare da fungicides ko 1% cakuda Bordeaux bayan flowering;
- cire (ƙone) duk kamuwa da cutar (auku da hagu a bishiyar) berries da ganye.An yanke rassan siki tare da kama har zuwa 10-12 cm na itace mai kyau.
Shin kuna sani? Cherries da yawa bitamin: bitamin B yana da alhakin elasticity na fata da kuma gashi, ƙarfin kusoshi. Vitamin A yana samar da kayan gani mai gani, kuma tare da taimakon bitamin C, ƙwayar cuta ta jikin jiki ta karu kuma an cire tsufa. Cherry yana da amfani a ci sabo, sha ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ciki. Ana amfani da Berry a cikin abun da ke ciki na masks, da amfani da abin da ya ba fata fatawa da elasticity.
Girbi
"Shpanka" ya fara farawa a cikin shekaru uku na Yuni. A lokacin sanyi, ana iya canza farkon girbin girbi a farkon shekaru goma na Yuli. Green berries fara juya ja da blush. 
A cikin cikakkiyar furen, ceri ya zama mai launin ja, tare da kyawawan nama mai laushi.
A dandano na berries ne mai dadi tare da kadan sourness. Saukewa, ana iya raba berries daga stalk, kuma idan lambun ya fara tare da girbi, za su iya rushewa zuwa kafa na itace.
Cherry "Shpanka" - iri-iri iri-iri. Sauran nau'i na cherries fara ripen makonni biyu daga baya, "tari".
Kwayar wannan nau'in ana amfani da shi wajen yin compote, tsirrai, jam, shayarwa, jelly, saffon, dan giya, liqueurs da giya. Mistresses sa sabo ne a cikin kaya a cikin kayan kyauta don amfani da hunturu. A cikin na'urar bushewa na lantarki shirya dried dried cherries
Kayan lambu, masu girma tare da ƙauna da juriya, shekaru masu yawa za su ba da gonaki mai yawa amfanin gona, kyakkyawan tafasa mai tsabta da fari da kuma warwatse inuwa, ceton daga zafi zafi.
