Dabbobin kiwo suna hade da haɗarin cututtukan cututtuka da cututtuka, wadanda ke faruwa sau da yawa a cikin manyan garkunan shanu da kananan gonaki. Sanin bayyanar cututtuka na cututtuka mafi yawan cututtuka zai ba ka damar gane cutar a farkon matakan kuma hana kamuwa da cutar da dukan garken. Wannan labarin ya bayyana alamun bayyanar cututtuka, magani da kuma rigakafin sinadarai a cikin shanu.
Wani irin cuta?
Pasteurellosis wata cuta ne mai cututtuka wanda dabbobin gida da dabbobin daji ke iya yaduwa. A causative wakili na wannan cuta ne Pasteurella multocida (wani lokacin P. haemolytica).
Gurasar ta kasance a kan ƙwayoyin mucous membranes na gst gastrointestinal (GIT) na dabbobi, amma cutar ta taso ne kawai a cikin raunana, ba dabbobi masu alurar riga kafi ba.
Da zarar cikin jinin, kwayoyin suna yadawa ta jiki kuma suna haifar da kumburi, kumburi, da kuma zubar da jini a wasu kwayoyin halitta: ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuka, da hanyoyi, da kuma gado.
An kiyasta dabbobi masu kyau ga masu cutar da cutar, saboda a farkon kwanakin haihuwa, calves basu da cikakken kariya. A cikin shanu, annobar annoba na pasteurellosis sun fi yawa a lokacin rani da farkon kaka - a Yuli, Agusta, Satumba.
Shin kuna sani? Louis Pasteur ya karbi al'adar tsabta na pathogen kuma a karo na farko ya yi ƙoƙari ya kashe kwayar cutar. A cikin girmamawarsa a 1910, an kira wannan microorganism Pasteurella.
Wannan cututtuka yana haifar da manyan hasara lokacin da aka saki cikin gonaki da yawa na dabbobi, domin yana kaiwa ga mace-mace da kuma yanka dabbobi, farashin magani.Dalili da kuma alamun
Wanda yake wakili na Pasteurella multocida pasteurellosis wani kwayar mairobic ne. An iya ganin al'adun microscopic kananan igiyoyi masu kyau, waɗanda aka shirya a nau'i-nau'i ko sarƙoƙi.
Wadannan kwayoyin ne marasa tsabta, nau'in gin-gizon lokacin da suke da kyau. Kashewa ba ta da ƙarfin juriya, saboda ba su samar da wani spore: za a iya samun su a madara don makonni 2-3, kuma a cikin gawawwakin suna ci gaba da tsawon watanni 3-4.
Wadannan kwayoyin da sauri sun mutu a ƙarƙashin aikin hasken rana da kuma yawancin disinfectants. Sakamakon kamuwa da shanu na dabbobi zai iya zama kowace dabba marasa lafiya (aladu, dawakai, shanu) da masu sintiri.
Sau da yawa an kawar da rigakafi ta hanyar yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Brovadez-plus."
Masu sufurin ba su da lafiya wadanda aka ajiye a kusa da marasa lafiya. A cikin wasu gonaki ƙofar na iya daukar har zuwa 70%. Shanu da aka bayyana ga dabbobi marasa lafiya zai iya zama tushen kamuwa da cuta shekara guda.Halin rashin kwakwalwa na maniyyi yana taimakawa wajen sauya yanayi na gidaje, motsi ko hawa dabbobi, saboda wannan zai iya raunana dabbobi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sau da yawa, bazurellosis na tasowa ne sakamakon sakamakon kamuwa da kai a cikin gonaki masu wadata - tare da ragewa a cikin rigakafi na farfadowa, wanda aka samuwa a cikin jikin mota, ya shiga jini kuma yana ciwo gabobin cikin ciki.
Magunguna masu fama da rashin lafiya suna ɓoye magunguna tare da fure, fitsari, mai, madara, da tari. Cows zasu iya yin rashin lafiya daga lamba tare da kula da kayan, taki, abinci, da ruwa. Haka kuma kamuwa da cututtuka na iya faruwa ta hanyar lalacewar fata, misali, lokacin da rodents ko tsire-tsire masu shan jini ke ci.
Kwayoyin cuta suna samun ƙwayar mucous membranes na fili na gastrointestinal da fili na numfashi ko kuma kai tsaye cikin jini (zubar da jini, nama da dabbobi da kwari). 
Bayyanar cututtuka na bayyana a wasu siffofin
Lokacin shiryawa yana zuwa kwanaki 2-3, kuma lokacin da aka saki kai tsaye cikin jini ta hanyar lalata fata, cutar ta taso a cikin 'yan sa'o'i kadan. Tsawancin cutar zai iya bambanta kuma ya dogara da karewar dabba, ƙwayar cuta, kwayoyin dabbobi, cututtuka masu dangantaka.
Sau da yawa, baz'alullosis yana faruwa tare da salmonella, diplococcosis, parainfluenza da kamuwa da adenovirus. Dangane da tsawon lokacin cutar da kuma ci gaba da bayyanar cututtuka, akwai m, muni, ƙananan cuta da kuma siffofin cutar.
Shin kuna sani? Kwayar cuta tare da pasteurellosis na iya faruwa ta hanyar hulɗa da dabbobin daji. Koda yarinya na iya zama masu yaduwa na farfadowa.
Sharp
A cikin ɓangare na saniya, ana ƙara yawan zazzabi zuwa 40-42 ° C. Dabba ya zama mummunan kuma ya ci muni. Kwayar raya ta daina tsayawa. A wasu lokuta, mastitis tasowa.
Dangane da zazzabi, rubutu na pharynx da ɓangaren murji ya bayyana (nau'in rubutu). Nau'in nau'in ƙwayar man shanu na jiki yana nuna yawancin alamun bayyanar cututtuka na numfashi, wanda ya bayyana a gefen labarun ciwon huhu, da kuma cin zarafi. 
Maciya mara lafiya yana motsawa sau da yawa kuma yana da wuya, zai iya zama tari mai bushe. A yarinya, mafi yawancin lokuta suna ci gaba da tsari. Wani adalulation na flakes da jini ya bayyana a cikin ruwan ruwa.
Wani lokaci zub da jini na hanci, ƙonewar conjunctiva da idanu da jini a cikin fitsari fara. Cigabawa, cututtuka na numfashi da ciwon zuciya na haifar da mutuwa a cikin kwanaki 2-3.
Kila za ku so ku karanta game da cututtuka na shanu da hanyoyi na rigakafin su.
Subacute
Hanyoyin da ke tattare da su sune halin ci gaba da ciwon zuciya, ƙonewa daga gado (arthritis) da kuma mucosa na hanci (rhinitis). Dangane da lalacewar zafin zazzaɓi, mucous ko ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.
A karshen cutar, cutar zazzaɓin jini zai fara. Haka kuma cutar ta mutu bayan kwana 3-5.
Super kaifi
A hanya mai tsabta, alamun bayyanar cututtukan kirji sun kamu da sauri. Yanayin zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa 41 ° C, ya fara ƙonewa da igiyoyin murya da pharynx. Ana bayyana wannan ta hanyar numfashi mai tsanani, tari. 
Ƙunƙasasshen wuyansa da yanki maxillary. A wasu lokuta, cututtukan jini na iya faruwa. Dabbobi suna mutuwa a cikin sa'o'i 12 na rana saboda asphyxia ko huhu na huhu.
A wasu lokuta, mutuwa yakan auku ba zato ba tsammani saboda mummunar zuciya ta ƙarshe kafin zuwan bayyanuwar cututtuka na cutar. A cikin nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'in, yawan mutuwar dabba yana faruwa a bayan cutar zazzabi da kuma zazzabi.
Na'urar
Domin ciwon daji na cututtukan da ake ciki shine halin rashin lalacewa da ƙwayoyi da ƙwayar cuta. Dama da zazzage (sau da yawa, ƙusar ruwa) yana kaiwa ga asarar hasara da rashin.
Ciwon huhu yana tasowa sannu a hankali. A hankali, kumburi daga cikin gidajen. Da wannan hanya na cutar, dabbobin sun mutu a cikin 'yan makonni. 
Sanin asalin cutar
An gane ganewar asali bisa ga nazarin bayanan da ke tattare da farfado da ƙwayar shanu a yankin, bisa ga cigaba da bayyanar cututtuka a shanu mara lafiya. Tabbatar yin gyare-gyare na dabbobin da suka mutu don tantance canje-canjen tsarin cikin kyallen takarda.
Domin nazarin binciken microscopic da bacteriological, an dauki samfurori na ɓangare na jini da jini.
Hanyoyin cututtuka na kwayoyin halitta suna dogara ne akan hanya da kuma irin wannan cuta. A cikin ciwon daji da ciwon halayyar cutar, cutar ta samu a cikin zuciya da hanta.
Sauyewar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin huhu, rubutu na gabobin, da kuma ƙwayar necrosis a cikin kodan da hanta sune halayyar yanayin rashin lafiya. An dauki jikin dabbobi masu mutuwa don bincike ba bayan kwanaki 3-5 bayan mutuwar. 
A lokacin zafi, an adana samfurori da 40% glycerin kafin sufuri. Maƙarar Nasal da jini an tattara su daga pasteurellosis a cikin calves da alkama girma.
Laboratory ganewar asali shine:
- bincikar jini yana shafawa a ƙarƙashin kwayar halitta;
- ƙaddamar da al'adu a yanayin musamman;
- kamuwa da ƙwayoyin gwaje-gwaje da zomaye tare da al'adun da ke girma a cikin matakan gina jiki;
- ƙayyade ƙimar ƙarancin pathogen.
Jiyya na pasteurellosis a cikin shanu
Maciyan shanu suna rabuwa a cikin ɗaki mai dumi, bushe. A lokacin magani, yana da muhimmanci a samar da dabba da abinci mai kyau. Yin amfani da kwayoyin maganin rigakafi da intramuscular, wanda ke da mahimmanci: tetracycline, nitox, chloramphenicol, streptomycin da sulfa kwayoyi.
A lura da sinadarin pasteurellosis a cikin dabbobi ta amfani da kwayoyi irin su: "Nitoks", "Lozeval" da "Tromeksin".Hyperimmune za a yi amfani da bovine pasteurellosis ana amfani dasu don magani. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da maganin glucose mai ciki da saline. Gabatarwar magani zai fara ne lokacin da bayyanar cutar ta fara bayyana.
Kyakkyawan sakamako mai kyau ya ba da ta haɗuwa da intravenous administration na maganin sau biyu prophylactic na magani da kuma maganin rigakafi mai tsawo. Dabbobin da ke fama da rashin lafiya a watanni 6-12 suna da kariyar kariya daga lalatawa. 
Shin kuna sani? Wasu ƙwararrun da aka haife su a gonaki masu fama da damuwa suna da kariya ta jiki don kullun. Ba'a samun kariya daga iyayensu ba, duk da haka an wuce ta cikin tsara.
Tsarin kariya
Muhimmanci don rigakafin pasteurellosis shine kiyaye ka'idojin tsabta don kulawa da kulawa da dabbobi, saboda yana taimaka wajen inganta rigakafin shanu. Lokacin da aka saukar a cikin garke na pasteurellosis, dole ba a yi wa alurar riga kafi ba.
Bayan gabatarwar alurar riga kafi sau biyu, an kafa rigakafi, wanda ya ci gaba har tsawon watanni 6. Kwayar maganin alurar rigakafin da aka samar da shi ba shi da kariya ga tsawon shekaru guda.
A matsayin ma'auni na rigakafi, ana amfani da magani ne ga yara matasa a farkon kwanakin gonar. Dole ne a yi wa alurar rigakafin rigakafi kafin kai. Ana sanya dabbobi saba'in a cikin ɗakin tsafi na kwana 30 kuma suna gudanar da bincike a yau. 
Yin la'akari da yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar rodents da ƙwayoyin cutar shan jini, dole ne a yi wa allurar rigakafi a kowace shekara. Don yin rigakafi na kamuwa da cuta, ya zama wajibi ne a gudanar da bincike na yau da kullum na dukan shanu.
Yana da muhimmanci! An bada shawara a sanya shanu alurar rigakafi a cikin ƙwayoyin shanu.
An kwantar da wuraren da aka ajiye dabbobi marasa lafiya. Dole ne a gudanar da cututtuka tare da bayani na bleach, wanda ya ƙunshi akalla 2% mai aiki chlorine, 2% sodium hydroxide bayani, 3-5% bayani mai zafi zafi, 1% solution formalhyde.
Ana kuma maimaita jiyya daga cikin gida a kowace kwanaki 10 har sai an cire cajin. An dakatar da sinadarin ƙwayar kwana 14 bayan kammala aikin kula da marasa lafiyar dabbobi da maganin alurar rigakafi da dabbobi masu lafiya.
Kayan tufafi na ma'aikatan da suke kula da shanu marar lafiya a lokacin lokutan kulawa dole ne a gurgunta da hankali. A saboda wannan, an shirya abubuwa a cikin bayani na soda 2% ko kuma a cikin 1% chloramine. 
Takalma na takalma an saka su a cikin 5% chloramine na tsawon sa'o'i 2. Dole ne a zubar da gawawwaki ta hanyar ƙinƙasawa. Ana shayar da taki tare da wani bayani na bleach.
A cikin gonaki inda aka gano magungunan manna, an gabatar da wasu matakan da suka dace:
- an haramta haramtawa, shigar da dabbobi da fitarwa;
- magunguna da maganin alurar rigakafi da sauran cututtuka ba za a iya yi ba;
- an hana shi fitar da kaya, abinci, kayan kulawa;
- cinikin madara daga shanu marasa lafiya an haramta shi sosai.
Don kare kakanku daga cutar, bi ka'idoji na kula da dabbobi, gudanar da matakan kariya da saya dabbobi kawai a cikin ɗakunan noma masu wadata.
Kula da hankali sosai ga bincikar yau da kullum na shanu da matasa. Ka tuna da doka mai mahimmanci: rigakafi na cututtuka da shanu sun kasance mai rahusa fiye da magani.
