Rhododendron ba ita ce mafi yawan shafuwa a tsakanin mazaunan rani na kasarmu ba, musamman ma yankunan arewacin. Kuma dalilin wannan shi ne cewa koda yake kyakkyawa da kyakkyawa, an dauke shi a matsayin kullun da yake buƙatar kulawa da kulawa na musamman, in ba haka ba, yana da tsire-tsire mai dumi, kuma ya ƙi yin girma a wurare masu sanyi. Shin haka ne? A cikin labarinmu za mu fahimta: ta yaya tsire-tsire na rhododendron ya bambanta da wasu launi; gano ko zai iya shuka wannan daji a cikin yankin sanyi, misali, a Siberia; da kuma gano dukkanin bayanai game da dasa shuki da kula da wannan shuka daga hotuna da sake dubawa game da masu aikin lambu.
Bayanan Botanical
Rhododendron wani shrub (wani lokaci itace) na iyalin Heather. Akwai kimanin nau'i 600 na wannan shuka. Saboda wannan bambancin, ya zama da wuya a samar da bayanin burin na kowa da kowa a kowane iri, wanda zai dace da dukan wakilan. Ganye na wannan shrub ya bambanta da bayyanar da girman su dangane da nau'o'in, yawanci suna da launin kore mai duhu, raguwa da raguwa da siffar da ke ciki. Suna iya zama guda biyu da biyu, da kuma tsawon lokaci.
Bincika mafi yawan shahararren hunturu na hardy rhododendron.Fure-fure - babban amfani da wadannan bushes - za a iya canza launin daga m hotunan ruwan hoda zuwa haske mai haske ja da m. Sau da yawa suna da siffar karrarawa kuma an tattara su a manyan ƙananan ƙwayoyi. Ya faru da jinsi biyu.
Filaye guda biyar masu launin nau'i-nau'i suna daukar nauyin 'ya'yan itatuwan shrubs. A ciki sune tsaba daga 0.5 mm zuwa 2 mm a tsawon. Wadannan tsire-tsire zasu iya girma kadai ko a kungiyoyi. Shuka sannu a hankali, ninka ta hanyar tsaba, cuttings, rarraba ko rassan. 
Kwayoyin hunturu-hardy da iri
Asirin zuwa ganyayyaki na cin nasara na rhododendron ya ta'allaka ne a zabi na sanyi-resistant hybrids da iri.
Shin kuna sani? Akwai nau'o'in rhododendron wanda zasu iya kai mita 30 a tsawo kuma suna rayuwa zuwa shekaru 100.Suna da yawa da wuya da kuma samar da sauƙin kulawa har ma da tsire-tsire da aka dasa a Siberia. Winter-hardy iri sun hada da:
- Daurian rhododendron. Wannan iri-iri ne musamman sanyi-resistant kuma zai iya "tsayayya" yanayin zafi zuwa -34 ° C. Yana girma 1 mita a tsawo. Yana da ƙwaya da tsire-tsire a cikin shekara: a farkon lokacin bazara, kafin bayyanar launi a watan Satumba-Satumba. Fure-fure suna girma, fararen, ruwan hoda ko m. Da farko na sanyi weather gaba daya saukad da ganye.
- Rhododendron Ledebour. Wannan kiji zai iya isa daga mita 0.5 zuwa 1.8 a tsawo. Sakamakon bambancinta shi ne ikon kula da ganye har ma a cikin hunturu. Wannan nau'i-nau'i na ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙarancin inflorescences a cikin tazara tsakanin Afrilu da Mayu.
- Rhododendron Schlippenbach. Wannan nau'i-nau'i-nau'i-nau'i-nau'i na nau'i-nau'i yana da nau'in nau'i-nau'i. Ya yi fure a watan Mayu tare da kyawawan launi, manyan, inflorescences na launin ruwan hoda mai laushi. Gida kanta tana girma har zuwa mita 1-1.2, yana da ganyayyaki na launi mai duhu, wanda a cikin kaka ya saya kayan lambu mai launin ja da gashi.
Shin kuna sani? Tsohon mutanen Girkanci sun samar da zuma daga pollen rhododendron, wanda yake da lalacewa da kuma sakamakon ilimin hallucinogenic. A wa annan kwanakin, irin wannan zuma yana da kyau sosai.
Fasali na girma
Yanzu bari mu gano abin da ke tattare da siffofi lokacin da girma girma a cikin lambun Siberia.
Yanayin yanayi
Lokacin zabar iri-iri don namo, ya kamata kayi la'akari da yanayin yanayin yankinka - ya kamata ya dace da yanayin da ya saba da shuka na shuka zuwa matsakaicin.
Tsarin yanayi na yau da kullum na Siberia yana da kyau ya dace don bunkasa iri-iri masu tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, ko da yake an dauke wannan inji mafi ƙarancin zafi. 
Nau'in shinge
Rhododendron bushes suna so su girma a cikin ƙasa sako-sako da high acidity. Don ba da ƙasa ga abun da ake so, ƙara peat gauraye da yashi, ƙin murfin Pine da Pine needles.
Don hana tushen shrubs daga juyawa a cikin filin marshy, ruwa mai zurfi a kasa na rassan dasa, mai launi na 20 centimeters, zai zama abin buƙatar.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dasa a cikin fall ba kyawawa ba ne, tun da shuka ba zai da isasshen lokacin da za ta dauki tushe, daidaitawa kuma a kwantar da hankali a lokacin sanyi. Akwai babban haɗari cewa daji ba zai dauki tushe ba ya mutu.
Dasa rhododendron a Siberia
Tsarin girma na rhododendron, kula da shi da kuma haifar da wannan gandun daji a yanayin yanayi na Siberia na buƙatar wasu nuances da za mu bincika yanzu.
Lokaci
Don dasa shuki a sama sanyi-resistant iri ne cikakke spring. An yi amfani da dukkanin tsarin wannan shuka a cikin bazara, wanda zai ba shi damar canza wannan tsari ba tare da sakamako mai tsanani ba kuma ya dauki tushe sosai a sabon wuri. Idan kaji ya rufe rufin, ana iya shuka shi daga baya.
Kamar rhododendron, iyalin heather yana hade da heather, azalea, Rosemary na daji, itace bishiya, Erica.
Tsarin zaɓi na zabin yanayi
Lokacin zabar kayan shuka mai kyau ya kamata la'akari da waɗannan dalilai:
- Alamun lafiya na waje. Wannan yana nufin launin koren ganyayyaki, ba tare da launin ruwan kasa da rawaya da aibobi ba, kazalika da ƙarfin da elasticity na rassan da harbe na daji.
- Ƙananan ƙananan daji. Zai fi kyau idan yana cikin jihar flowering.
- A gaban tukunya. Zai fi kyau saya rhododendron tare da tsarin tushen kare. Idan tushen daji na daji ya fita daga baya daga cikin tukunya, yana nufin cewa ya girma a cikin wannan ɗigon furen kuma bai taɓa yin shuru ba kafin ya sayar.
- Yawan ganye. Ya kamata su yi girma, kuma su rufe kusan dukkanin rassan, su zama kambi. Rare foliage ya nuna cewa kore yayi kyau, sabili da haka tsire-tsire yana da rauni.
Tsarin da fasaha
Rhododendron ya fi kyau dasa shi a cikin wani yanki na tsakiya, kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye da iska mai karfi. Ana haƙa rami mai saukowa kusan rabin mita mai zurfi kuma har zuwa 70 cm fadi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a yi gyaran gyare-gyare tare da kulawa mai kyau domin kada kuyi barci a ma'anar daji na daji. Wannan na iya haifar da lalata da mutuwar shuka.Kada ka manta da wannan don kaucewa juyawa, bazaiyi zurfin zurfi cikin ƙasa ba, tun da shuka yana da tsarin tushen kasa. Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, wajibi ne a zubar da ruwa da ruwa da ciyawa.
Conifer needles ko shredded Pine barkin ne mafi kyau ga wannan. Wannan fasaha zai yi aiki a matsayin tsangwama ga ƙazantar da ruwa mai kyau, kare tushen daga overheating a lokacin rani da sanyi a cikin hunturu, kuma ya goyi bayan matakin da ake bukata na acidity a cikin ƙasa. 
Dokokin kulawa
Bayan dasa shuki da kyau a cikin Siberia don inganta lafiyarsu ba haka ba ne.
Watering
Rhododendrons ne maimakon tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire kuma musamman bukatan yawan watering a lokacin flowering da budding. Kuma ba shakka, kana bukatar ka biya mai girma hankali ga watering da spraying da bushes a lokacin zafi da kuma fari.
Top dressing
Shekaru na farko bayan dasa shuki, rhododendrons basu buƙatar ƙarin taki. A matsayi na farko tare da farkon kakar girma, zaka iya acidify kasar gona da wani bayani mai karfi na citric ko oxalic acid. 
Don tsire-tsire masu girma, don ƙara yawan albarkatun, zaka iya amfani da ammonium nitrate, urea, superphosphate, potassium sulphate a cikin ƙananan kara. Ana ciyar da yawan abinci sau da yawa a kowace kakar: a karo na farko a watan Maris da na ƙarshe a tsakiyar lokacin rani.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba'a da shawarar yin amfani da takin mai magani wanda ya ƙunshi chlorine da lemun tsami, kazalika da doki, alade ko kiwon kaji kamar taki don Rhododendron, kamar yadda suke karya acidity na ƙasa.
Kula kula
Ƙasa a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi ba sau da yawa kuma ba a haƙa ba. Ya isasshe yawanci da za a shayar da shi, a cike da akalla 5 cm kuma an ciyar da shi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci domin tsire-tsire za su ji dadin lafiyarka da yawan furanni.
Pruning
Pruning, idan ya cancanta, ciyar da mafi ƙanƙanci, m. Don yin wannan, zaɓi farkon lokacin bazara, wato, watan Maris. Gaba ɗaya, tare da samuwar siffar daji da kuma pruning "rassan" rassan daga rhododendron, ya fi kyau kada ku cuce shi. 
Dokokin nasara
Idan Siberia ita ce wurin da bishiyoyin rhododendron suka yi girma, zai zama mai kyau don gano yadda zasu kare su daga sanyi a cikin hunturu. Ga masu tsayayyen sanyi (wato, muna bada shawarar su da za a dasa su a cikin wannan yanki) babu buƙatar wannan shuka don yin abubuwan na musamman don hunturu.
Shin wannan za ku iya rufe fadin ƙananan ƙananan wuyansa. Wannan zai isa ga shuka don kada ya daskare ya mutu a lokacin sanyi. 
Bayan karatun labarin da koyi game da dukan fasalin sifofin rhododendron a Siberia, ya zama bayyananne cewa babu wani abu mai wuyar wuya, kuma mafi mahimmanci - abu mai mahimmanci shi ne a zabi madaidaicin nau'i mai sanyi kuma za ku zama mai mallakar wani shrub mai girma mai girma da furanni, mai banƙyama.
