Goma

Duk abin da kuke bukata don sanin game da dasa shuki mankurian nut da kula da shi

Wani ɗan dangin goro mai sananne ne daga Far East. A cikin yanayin yanayi, ana iya samuwa a Arewacin kasar Sin ko a Yankin Koriya. Manchurian goro ta girma kamar itace a cikin daji, gefen gefe tare da bisidu da coniferous nau'in. Wannan shuka mai ban mamaki yana da halaye mai yawa. Yadda za a yi girma da Manchurian nut, wanda muka yi la'akari da kasa.

Manchurian Nut: bayanin itace

A waje, shuka yana kama da goro, amma akwai wasu bambance-bambance. Gyamin Manchurian yana da rawanin kambi na kimanin mita daya, tsayin tsufa ya kai mita talatin. Gilashi mai laushi, a tsaye, tare da kambi mai laushi.

Ganye suna da hadari, babban, pinnate, tsawon lakabin launi na iya girma har zuwa mita. A kan takardar farantin karfe daga 7 zuwa 19 na oval ya tashi har zuwa 20 cm. 'Ya'yan itãcen itace har zuwa takwas inimita dogon, suna da harsashi mai yawa, ƙwararru mai kama da juna, ƙaddamar da rassan har zuwa guda bakwai a cikin gungu. Fure-tsire-tsire yana ci daga Agusta zuwa Oktoba. Muryar kananan yara suna da santsi, launin toka a launi, tare da lokaci ya zama duhu launin toka ko ya juya baki.

Ganye yana fara bada 'ya'ya bayan shekaru 4-10. Gannen sun hada da furen namiji da na mace. Maza suna wakiltar 'yan kunne da yawa, yayin da mata suna bayyanar ƙananan kwari da ƙananan furanni. Gyamin ba shi da wuri kafin karshen watan Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu.

Shin kuna sani? Ganye na Manchurian nut sun ƙunshi kwaskwarima, ascorbic acid, alkaloids, carotene kuma sun mallaki tannic abubuwa.

A ina ne wuri mafi kyau don shuka kwaya?

Tun lokacin da Manchurian kwaya ke tsiro babban itace, yanki na dasa ya kamata ya dace. An yi kyau mafi kyau a cikin hanyar da babu abin da ke girma a diamita na mita goma daga gare ta.

Kwayoyin bishiyoyi da ke kusa da Manchurian nut suna jin dadi. Gyada yana son haske, danshi kuma baya jure wa bushewa daga ƙasa.

Manchurian Nut Growing

Kuna iya shuka Manchurian nut a kan shirinku ta hanyar fadada shi tare da saplings, tsaba ko stock.

Kila za ku so ku karanta game da nau'o'in kwayoyi kamar goro, nutmeg, itace da baki.

Yaya da kuma lokacin da za a shuka kwaya

Manchu Nut Shuka yana buƙatar cikawar yanayi da yawa:

  • sun shuka seedlings na goro a kaka daga tsakiyar Oktoba zuwa Nuwamba; wannan shuka yana rayuwa mafi kyau a dasa shuki. Ramin don seedling dole ne mai zurfi tare da yin amfani da malalewa (duwatsu, tubalin, rubble);
  • Layer na biyu bayan an kwantar da ruwa a ƙasa tare da kara yashi da taki;
  • Ana amfani da tallafi ga seedling, kasar gona da ke kewaye da shuka an compacted kuma ambaliya da ruwa, kuma mulched. Mulch ba zai ƙyale danshi ya ƙafe ba, wanda zai hana daskarewa daga tushen tsarin.
  • Yana da muhimmanci! Idan saboda wasu dalili ba ku da lokacin yin shuka sapling a cikin fall, ana iya yin wannan a cikin bazara. Ajiye inganci har sai bazara zai iya kasancewa a ginshiki ko prikopav a kan shafin.

    Nut Reproduction

    Manchurian nut na girma duka daga tsaba da kuma saplings. Mafi girma shine namo na seedlings, tun lokacin da itacen zaiyi 'ya'ya a cikin shekara ta hudu bayan dasa, ba kamar tsaba (ba a baya fiye da shekaru 10) ba.

    Dasa Manchurian irin goro an gudanar da su a hanyoyi da dama na shirya kayan dasawa. Hanyar farko ita ce ajiye adana har sai bazara a yanayi na low zazzabi da zafi mara kyau. Kafin dasa shuki, kwayoyi suna nutse cikin ruwa har kwana goma. Ruwan ruwa yana canzawa lokaci-lokaci.

    Hanya na biyu - jiƙa da kwayoyi cikin ruwa (30ºC) na rana daya. Bayan haka, an ajiye 'ya'yan itacen a zafin jiki ba fiye da + 5ºC na watanni biyu zuwa uku. Hanya na uku - tsayayya da 'ya'yan itatuwa wata daya a zazzabi na 20ºC kuma sanya su cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Ko wane irin shiri na dasa kayan da ka zaba, mataki na karshe shine dasa shuki. Dole a dasa gona don dasa shuki da tsaba, shayar da kuma yafa masa toka.

    Rashin zurfin seeding bai kamata ya wuce bakwai santimita, sanya kwayoyi haɗari. A daya mita mita ba dasa fiye da iri ba. Kwayoyin tsirrai suna tsiro biyu zuwa makonni uku a baya fiye da bazara. Bayan shekara guda, ana iya motsi seedlings zuwa mazaunin dindindin.

    Domin yaro ya yi girma sosai, asalinsa sun yanke kadan. Tsaba da aka shuka a cikin fall, sun fi kyau girma fiye da bazara, amma dole ne a kiyaye su daga mice ta spraying kerosene kafin dasa. Dole ne a tuna da cewa tsire-tsire mai girma daga tsaba bazai ɗaukar nauyin tsarin kwayoyin iyaye ba. Idan ba ku ƙone tare da sha'awar rikici tare da tsaba ba, za ku iya shuka Manchurian kwaya ko saya iri iri. Ana dasa sabbin kayan inganci don yin amfani da grafting a cikin hunturu.

    Tsarin tushen Manchurian nut yana girma sosai, don haka a lokacin da dasa shukar seedling a wani wuri na dindindin, gwada ƙoƙarin haifar da kadan lalacewa ga asalinsu. Manchurian nut tare da tushen tushen tsarin ba ya kai tushe.

    Gilashin saukowa ya kasance mai zurfi da yin amfani da magudanar ruwa. Idan kana son shuka da yawa seedlings a lokaci ɗaya, to, nisa tsakanin su bazai kasa da mita goma ba. Tun da tushen tsarin Manchu yake ci gaba sosai, an dasa shi daga kowane tsari.

    Shin kuna sani? Don mafi kyau rabuwa da Manchurian kernels daga harsashi, suna girbe a cikin bazara.

    Yadda ake kula da Manchurian nut

    Manyancin wutsiyar Manchurian, kamar kowane irin shuka, yana buƙatar cewa ba a dasa shuki kawai ba, amma kuma kulawa. Gudanar da shiri mai kyau shine maɓallin hanyar ci gaba da ci gaban shuka da kuma girbi mai yawa.

    Yadda za a sha ruwan Manchurian

    Kamar sauran kwaya, Manchu ba shi da kyau a kulawa:

    • Don ci gaba na al'ada, itace yana buƙatar adadin laka. Lokacin da yanayin hazo ne na al'ada, ana gudanar da irri na samari a kan yara matasa har sau goma a kowace kakar, a bisan bishiyoyi - sau biyu a ƙasa. A cikin fari, bishiyoyi sukan ba da lita ashirin na ruwa.
    • kwayoyi ba sa son shi lokacin da danshi a cikin ƙasa ya damu, don haka a hankali cire weeds da sako-sako da ƙasa. Don bushe ƙasa, ciye da shi.
    • idan hazo shi ne abin da ya faru sau da yawa, an dakatar da ruwa har sai ƙasa ta bushe.
    • lokacin da ci gaban aiki ya ƙare kuma itacen ya rabu da shi, ruwa ya karu da yawa don haka yaron ya fara kafin hunturu.

    Pruning da Forming da Manchurian Nut

    A matsayinka na mulkin, Manchurian nut bai buƙatar samfurin kambi. An cire shi ya mutu ko thickening sama da harbe. Pruning ne yake aikata a cikin bazara, bayan buds Bloom. Kashewar da aka yi da mutuwar da ba dole ba ne a watan Agusta.

    Gwararrun lambu sunyi kambi na Manchurian nut tare da wani daji tare da babban adadin tsintsiya ko kuma yin itace na itace daga ciki. Palm ne mafi muni saboda yana ba ka damar shuka wasu tsire-tsire ƙarƙashin itacen.

    Taki da Nut Gina Jiki

    Dukansu matasa da tsofaffin bishiyoyi suna buƙatar haɗi a rabi na biyu na watan Yuli. A matsayin kayan hawan magunguna na amfani da agrochemicals dauke da phosphorus. Zuba da taki da aka yiwa diluted a karkashin tushen, bayarwa a kan lita goma na ruwa 15-20 g na phosphate dressings.

    Manchurian kwaro da cuta

    Mafi yawancin Manchurian kwayoyi rashin jin daɗi mites da walnuts, da wuya - cututtuka na fungal. Lokacin da cutar fungi ganye juya baki da bushe. Matakan kulawa: jiyya tare da masu ƙwayoyin ƙarfe mai dauke da jan ƙarfe. Sakamakon shuke-shuke a cikin kwanaki 10-14.

    Gall mites overwinter a cikin kodan, kuma a farkon spring suka sa qwai a cikinsu. Mace prolazyat a tsakiyar takardar, ta haka ta rushe shi. Alamar bayyanar mites ganyayyaki shi ne ƙananan muryoyi a kan ganyayyaki. An shuka shuke-shuke tare da colloidal sulfur kafin fashewar furanni da kuma lokacin rani by Fufanon.

    Yana da muhimmanci! An cire magungunan tsire-tsire mai tsanani da kuma kone su.

    Alamar alamar lalacewar irin goro shine bayyanar harbe, ganye da furanni na kwari da nau'i biyu na fuka-fuki a kan haushi. Suna yin yaki da wannan kwaro ta hanyar yaduwa tare da karbofos ko chlorophos bayani.