Akwai fiye da nau'o'in bishiyoyi 600 a duniya - a cikin wannan labarin za mu fahimci irin wannan tsire-tsire kamar itacen oak: ko dai, tare da bayaninsa, ƙwarewar shuka shuki da kula da wannan itace.
Gidan itacen oak
A cikin daji, irin wannan wakili yana girma a arewacin Amurka da kudancin Canada. Irin wannan bishiyar tana girma har tsawon mita 30, kuma kambinsa yana kama da alfarwa kuma mai yawa. An rufe gangar jikin da gashi mai launin rawaya, a cikin tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire.
Ganye, a lokacin da aka yi furanni, suna da tinge m, sa'an nan kuma ya zama duhu. A lokacin kaka, ganye suna ja, wanda ake kira itacen oak ne mai ja ko ja. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a kan itacen ba su bayyana ba a baya fiye da shekaru 15. Ƙawataccen launin launin ruwan kasa ne, yayi kama da ball a siffar, kuma tsawonsu ya kai 2 cm.
Shin kuna sani? Wasu nau'i na bishiyoyi na iya zama har zuwa shekaru dubu 1,500. Tushen itatuwa iya shiga ƙasa a mita 5.
Fasali na girma
Gidan itacen oak jure wa frosts, yana haskaka haskeamma kuma zai iya girma cikin m inuwa. Dangane da tushen tushen tsarin, yana da matashi. Kwayar ƙasa tana da matukar damuwa, ba ya jure wa ƙasa da ƙasa mai zurfi da ƙasa tare da babban abun ciki na limestone.
Irin wannan kyakkyawan shuka kamar bishiya na itacen oak zai dubi jituwa tare da launin rawaya: Maple, Linden, yellowca acacia. An daidaita shi da wasu bishiyoyin coniferous da bushes (spruce, barberry, Juniper na Sin). Har ila yau, itacen oak yana da kyau don samar da lambun da ake da ita na yanayin gabas, haɗe da rhododendrons, almonds, thujas da elderberries.
Zaɓi wuri
Lokacin zabar wuri na dasa itacen oak mai muhimmanci yana da muhimmanci a la'akari da girmansa, wanda zai saya a nan gaba, saboda haka kana buƙatar barin wuri mai yawa don shuka don bunkasa gaba ɗaya. Wannan shuka yana son wurare mai haske, amma zai iya girma cikin shingles.
Duk da ƙawancin kambi, itace yana jure wa iska mai karfi, mai tsananin gaske. Dangane da tushen tushen tsarin, itacen oak yana da tabbaci a ƙasa - wannan yana ba ka damar dasa shi a cikin wuraren da ke cikin gida tare da amincewa kuma kada ka ji tsoro cewa itace za a juya baya a lokacin guguwa.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin ramin itacen oak, wanda ya fi shekaru 2,000, an yi ɗakin ɗakin - Yana girma a Faransa.
Bukatun shara
Game da ƙasa, wannan iri-iri ne picky. Zai yi girma a kowace ƙasa - ko da inda aka ɗaga ƙarancin acid. Kasashen daji da ƙwayoyin ƙasa kawai sun shafi tashar. Lokacin saukowa dole ne a yi cakuda don ragowar barci a hanyar haka:
- 2 sassa na turf ƙasa;
- Takardar sashi 1;
- 2 guda yashi;
- 1 part peat.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da dasa shukar shuki a cikin ƙasa tare da babban acidity, liming an haramta sosai.
Fasaha da kuma dasa shuki tsarin seedlings
Rasa itacen oak seedlings mai sauqi qwarai, har ma mai son lambu zai iya rike shi. Dasa itace itace mafi kyau a farkon spring, kafin ganye ya bayyana. Zai kasance da amfani shuka shuke-shuken da ke kewaye da seedling, wanda zai kare shi daga iska a farkon farkon rayuwa, kuma yana taimakawa wajen hanzarta girma.
Zabi na seedlings
A matsayinka na mai mulki, itacen oak daga acorn propagates, amma sapling za a iya samu ta hanyar yankan daga matasa samfurori. Duk da haka mafi kyawun zaɓi zai kasance don siyan sapling daga gandun daji.
Lokacin da sayen sapling, kula da gaskiyar cewa tushen sun rufe ƙasa: idan ka halakar da ɗakin ɗakin, zai zama kusan ba zai iya yiwuwa shuka shuka ba. Wannan ya bayyana ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa akwai ƙwararren ƙwarewa na musamman a ƙasa wanda ke hulɗa tare da tushen kuma yana da mahimmanci ga shuka, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama dole don adana tsire-tsire a lokacin da ake canzawa zuwa sabon wuri.
Mutane da yawa suna jin tsoron dasa itacen oak domin gaskiyar cewa kullun ya yi inuwa. Amma a cikin idon ruwa, har sai furen ya fure, yana da isasshen haske kuma zaka iya yin ado da sararin samaniya tare da anemone, violet, a lokacin rani - tare da periwinkle, hoofed. Kuma zaka iya saukar da runduna, masu launin furanni, astilbe, daylilies da sauran nau'in haɓaka.
Saukowa
An haƙa karamin rami don dasa shukar seedling a cikin ƙasa, kuma an sanya matakan magudi na 10 zuwa 20 cm a kasansa, tun da shuka bai yarda da ruwa mara kyau ba. Girman itacen oak yana da madaidaiciya, yayi kama da sanda, an sanya shi a cikin rami don cewa tsirrai, wanda aka rage a cikin tushen, suna zurfin 2 zuwa 4 cm.
Lambu ba su bayar da shawarar ƙara ash a lokacin da dasa shuki ba. Wajibi ne a yi ruwa a sapling bayan saukowa cikin mako guda, a lokaci guda ba tare da cika shi ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin ƙirƙirar allo, seedlings dole ne a nesa da akalla mita 5 daga juna, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire ba za su iya girma ba.
Oak kula
Gishiriya na Red yana da damuwa mai fari, amma har yanzu yana bukatar wasu watering. Young itatuwa a lokacin fari Ya kamata a shayar da kai a kowace kwana uku. Yarda da ƙasa a kusa da shuka ya kamata a yi bayan kowace watering zuwa zurfin kwata na mita don ƙasa ta cika da oxygen kuma akwai ƙananan weeds.
Gilashin ƙasa ya kamata ya zama sandararriya ko peat, rassan ciyawa zai zama kimanin 10 cm. An dasa itacen a cikin bazara, kawai bushe rassan rassan ya kamata a cire.
Yayin da ake shirya wani itace don hunturu, an bada shawarar a kunsa shi da wani zane mai tsummoki don kare shi daga sanyi - bishiyar bishiya ba sa bukatar irin wannan hanya.
Major shuka cututtuka da kwari
An yi la'akari da itacen oak na oak resistant zuwa cututtuka da kwari, amma akwai matsaloli tare da powdery mildew, leafworm itacen oak, asu m, reshe da akwati mutuwa. Gyara daga frostbite sau da yawa ya bayyana a kan kananan bishiyoyi. Wajibi ne ya kamata a bi da shi da sauri tare da maganin antiseptic da lambun lambun.
Yin rigakafi na powdery mildew za a iya spraying shuke-shuke tincture na Kombucha a cikin rabo na 0.5 lita na jiko da lita 10 na ruwa. Har ila yau, don kauce wa wannan cututtuka, ana shuka shuka a wuri mai haske da iska mai kyau.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba za a iya warkar da shuka ba daga powdery mildew, sabili da haka m matakan suna da matukar muhimmanci.
Kyakkyawan itacen oak yana da ra'ayi mai ban mamaki, wanda ya sami ƙauna mai girma a tsakanin lambu. Girman irin wannan shuka ba wata hanya ce mai wuya wanda kowa zai iya yin ba: kulawa na musamman don bishiya ne kawai lokacin da yaro ne kuma bishiya bazai buƙaci kulawa ba.
