Abutilon ne mai ban sha'awa da kuma tsire-tsire na iyalin Malvaceae, kwaskwarimarsa, da aka sassaka ganye suna kama da siffar maple foliage. Yadda za a yi girma mai kyau a gida, tattauna a cikin wannan labarin.
Brief description
Abutilon wani itace mai laushi ne mai girma, har zuwa 20 cm mai haske mai ganye tare da gefuna. A gida, daji ya kai mita biyu a tsawo, rassan kuma leafy, tsire-tsire mai tushe sau da yawa ja-launin ruwan kasa a launi.
A shrub blooms a watan Mayu da blooms ta Oktoba. Ya danganta da nau'o'in furanni, karrarawa na iya zama zinariya, orange, ruwan hoda da kuma inuwa. Mafi yawan iri shine:
- Abutilon sellovianum - mita biyu a tsawo, manyan inflorescences na orange launi tare da burkundy streaks;
- Abutilon hybridum - da subspecies Bloom yellow, ruwan hoda, purple, burgundy da kuma jan furanni tare da bakin ciki veins;
- Abutilon Thompsonii - tare da ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda wanda aka yi wa fata.
Shin kuna sani? Esoteric ba da kayan shuka sihiri: tsirrai yana iya tara rana da ƙarfin farin ciki kuma ya raba shi; a cikin gidan mutum mai kirki, maple yana motsa jiki da kuma tada hankali; mutane suna da damuwa ga jihohi masu haɗari, haɓakawa, dakatar da lalata da kuma mayar da daidaitattun tunani.
Zaɓi wuri don shuka
Abutilon shi ne baƙo mai yawa a cikin greenhouses da gonaki na hunturu, kuma a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ake bukata, ƙananan gida yana tasowa cikin yanayin gida.
Haske da zazzabi
Ga wani shuka, hasken haske ya fi dacewa, hasken rana kai tsaye zai iya ƙone ganye, kuma rashin hasken zai shafi tasiri na kore. Mafi kyawun zaɓi zai zama wuri a kudu maso yamma ko kudu maso gabashin taga. A lokacin hunturu, rana mai haske ta takaice, don haka yana da kyawawa don samar da maple da dama da karin haske.
Wasu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma sun fi son haske haske: dendrobium orchid, miltonia, pelleia, selaginella, aglaonema, ficus rubber-bear, clerodendrum, hoya, caladium, eustoma.
Mafi yawan zazzabi da zafin jiki ga maple shine kewayon daga mita 18 zuwa 25. A ƙarshen bazara zaka iya ɗaukar shuka zuwa loggia ko gidan waya, amma a wannan yanayin babu wani zane. A cikin hunturu, yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki ya sauke zuwa 15 ° C.
Pot da samfurin ƙasa don ƙarancin gida
Domin shekara ta farko za a sami tukunyar tukunya tare da ƙarar lita. Abutilon na cikin gida yana da siffa guda daya: idan dai tushensa ba su farfado da dukan dunƙuler ƙasa a cikin tukunya ba, ba zai yi fure ba. Na gaba, zaɓi tukunya, kula da ramukan magudanai a ƙasa, idan zaka ga tushen sa a cikinsu, lokaci yayi zuwa dashi. A kasan tukunya don yin ruwa ruwa dole ne ya zama ramuka.
Idan za ta yiwu Shirya ƙasa da kanka, akwai zaɓi biyu don zaɓar daga:
- m yashi, peat da ganye ƙasa a daidai sassa;
- sand mai yalwa, humus, takarda da kuma sod a ƙasa 0.5.1: 1: 2.
Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, yi amfani da saiti na duniya, ƙara yashi zuwa gare shi.
Kulawa mai kyau
Yanayin yanayi na shrub sune yanayi mai zurfi da yanayin zafi, amma a gida, kulawa yana da wasu ƙwarewa:
- ba abu mai kyau ba ne don bada izinin barin bushewa ko fitar da ƙasa a cikin tukunya;
- Sakamakon gyare-gyare da kyau da kuma dacewa da tsayar da daji.
Watering
Lokacin rani na rani na lokacin zafi yana buƙatar yawancin danshi, yana da muhimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ƙasa a cikin tukunya yana da tsami. A lokacin hunturu, an rage ruwan sha sosai, ya kawo mafi ƙaƙa. Babu buƙatu na musamman don yanayin iska a cikin shuka, amma spraying ba zai cutar da shi ba. Watering a cikin rani - sau biyu a mako, a cikin hunturu - sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki goma.
Taki
A matsayin taki don shrubs, yana da kyau a saya hadaddun ga tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin shagon, yana da kyawawa don canza tsakanin ma'adinai da kwayoyin halitta. Tsire-tsire yana buƙatar ƙarin ciyarwa daga bazara zuwa Oktoba tare da wani lokaci na kwana goma.
Bayan spring pruning don gina foliage mafi dace dacewa tare da babban adadin nitrogen. A lokacin samuwar buds yana da kyau a yi amfani da magungunan phosphorus-potassium, za su yi tasiri ga rinjayar flowering. A cikin hunturu, takin sau ɗaya a wata idan shrub yana ci gaba da fure.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin amfani da takin mai magani, maida hankali akan bayani da aka bayyana a cikin umarnin yana da shawarar ragewa.
Pruning
Abutilon yana nuna girma da girma da kuma samuwar sabon harbe, saboda yana bukatar fassarar formative. A farkon lokacin bazara, yayin da girma ba ta aiki ba, an harbe su zuwa kashi uku na tsawonsu. Irin wannan cututtuka na musamman zai samar da kyakkyawan kambi da kuma kara yawan furanni.
A lokacin da tsire-tsire ottsvetet, cire duk bishiyoyi da suka bushe, rassan rassan, da aiwatar da gyaran kambi na hunturu. Domin samar da wani karamin bishiya, an cire dukkanin gefen gefen, yana barin akalla tsawon tsaka da tsaka-tsaki.
Dokokin dashi
Sigina don dashi da ake so shine mai saurin sha na danshi, dabbar ba ta da isasshen wuri don cigaba. Zai zama mai kyau kada ka dauki tukunya da ya bambanta da diamita, saboda fure yana girma sosai da sauri.
Yana da muhimmanci! Canji ana aiwatar da hanyoyi na sassauci don kada su cutar da asalinsu. Matasan yara suna buƙatar hadewa a kowace shekara a cikin bazara, da kuma manya kowane shekara uku.
Sauya al'adun
Tsarin gyaran gida na iya yin amfani da kayan aiki da maɓallin iri.
Ana shuka tsaba a watan Maris a cikin ƙasa mai laushi (peat da yashi a daidai wannan siffar), zuwa zurfin kimanin 1.5 cm.
Karanta kuma game da siffofin haifuwa ta hanyar tsaba na plumeria, cacti, adenium, brugmansia, lithops, dieffenbachia, streptocarpus.
Akwatin da aka rufe shi da fim kuma an sanya shi a dakin mai dumi, mai haske. Yanayin shawarar da zazzabi don germination shine 20 ° C. A cikin kwana ashirin, ƙananan furanni sun bayyana. Saboda girman girma a lokacin rani, an dasa su sau uku.
An cire cuttings daga manyan harbe har zuwa tsawon karfe 12. An cire ƙananan ganyayyaki, ana bi da ƙananan titin tare da tushen rawar jiki kuma ya zurfafa cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki. Domin mafi kyaun kayan shafa don cuttings gina karamin-greenhouse, a kai a kai airing shi. Bayan 'yan makonni, an cire tsari kuma an lakafta saman. Daga bisani, wani saurayi ya karbi wannan kulawa a matsayin tsirrai.
Shin kuna sani? Wani suna don maple gida yana da hotpipe. A Indiya, har yanzu, igiyoyi masu wuya da tsummoki suna samuwa daga kyallen fibrous na shuka.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsala masu wuya a girma
Babban kwari daga cikin dakin maple ne gizo-gizo mites, scutes, aphids, da mealybugs.
Yarda kwari shirye-shiryen magani da wasu matakan zasu taimaka:
- Mite yana bayyana idan akwai tsananin bushewa. Bayan shan magani da tsire-tsire, kana buƙatar ƙara yawan zafi ta iska ta hanyar yayyafawa, shafaffen launi tare da zane mai laushi.
- Zaka iya cire aphids daga ganye ta amfani da maganin sabulu, ku wanke su a karkashin ruwa mai gudu.
- Ana cire wani abun da aka cire tare da takalmin auduga wanda aka shayar da barasa.
Shirye-shirye masu kyau akan kwari: "Decis", "Pyrethrum", "Aktellik".
Magungunan ƙwayar wuta shine kwayar cutar ta kowa. Don lura da alamun cututtuka na cutar ba abu ne mai wuyar gaske - an rufe ganyayyaki ba tare da rufewa da ƙwayoyin launin ruwan kasa. Don kawar da maple daga cutar, zaka iya amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Aktara" da wanke ganye tare da sabulu da ruwa.
Wani matsala na kowa shine tushen lalacewa. Zaka iya taimakawa shuka idan ka lura da bayyanar cututtuka (withering da fadowa ganye) da kuma dashi. Tushen Tushen-ya shafa ya kamata a yanke shi kuma a zubar da mur.
A matsayin ma'auni mai kariya akan cututtuka, zaka iya yin amfani da bayani na baƙin ƙarfe da ƙaddara bisa ga umarnin.
Matsaloli da namo suna da yawa saboda kurakurai a kulawa. Bugawa masu launi, yellowing foliage, wilting da karkatarwa ne Sigina don waɗannan abubuwan da ke biyo baya:
- zafin jiki saukad da (daftarin);
- waterlogging ko, conversely, rashin danshi;
- matsanancin bushewa na iska;
- micronutrient deficiencies;
- girma thickening girma.
