Kentrantus wata shuka ce mai matsakaici mai haske tare da kyawawan inflorescences, wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai cikin ƙirar shimfidar wuri da kuma ƙirar gadaje na fure. Ya kasance na Valerianov subfamily, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiran shi ja valerian a cikin mutane gama gari, amma ba shi da kyan magani. Consideredasar haihuwar thearuri tana ɗauke da matsayin Bahar Rum, saboda haka ya fi son ƙasa mai yashi, zafi da hasken rana.
Bayanin
Wannan perennial yana da gajeren tsarin tushen na yau da kullun tare da m mai tushe mai tushe. Saboda tsarin sa, galibi yana kama da ciyayi maimakon amfanin gona ciyayi. Matsakaicin girman daji ya kai 90 cm a tsayi kuma har zuwa 60 cm a faɗi. Tare da tsawon tsayi daga tushe ganye ne mai launin shuɗi da duhu koren launi. Leavesarshe ganye suna da ƙananan petioles, yayin da babba suna zaune a densely da yawa a kan kara.
Kara an kafa shi tare da wani shinge mai shinge, kowane tsari wanda aka nuna shi da kananan furanni waɗanda aka tattara a cikin laima. Akwai filayen furannin dukkan launuka masu launin ja, wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ake kiran tsirran kwaɗin centrantus ja. Wannan nau'in ana daukar shi kaɗai a cikin horar da 'yan lambu ke amfani da su.
Bushes Bloom sau biyu a cikin kakar guda ɗaya, suna cika gonar tare da ƙanshin ƙarfi mai daɗi. Farkon fure yana faruwa ne a watan Yuni-Yuli, na biyu kuma a watan Agusta-Satumba. Tsaba kuma suna da lokaci don ya girma sau biyu kuma a sauƙaƙe daga cikin akwatin, don haka seeding na yau da kullun yana faruwa.
Daban-daban na centrantus
Masu shayarwa masu shayarwa iri-iri na centrantus, wanda ke bawa yan lambu damar zaɓin mafi kyawun zaɓi ko haɗa nau'ikan iri ɗaya lokaci ɗaya. Ga manyan bambance-bambancensu:
- Ruber (ja). Bushes har zuwa 1 m high da 60 cm m, densely an rufe shi da ganye da matasa harbe. Scarlet manyan inflorescences suna da zagaye ko siffar pyramidal. Daga cikin tallafin akwai furanni fari, ruwan hoda, sautunan launin shuɗi.
- Tatse-yisti. Na biyu mafi mashahuri sosai kuma mai kama ne da iri iri. Ya bambanta da siffar ganye da ƙarshen ƙarshen kowane. Wadanda ba kwararru ba koyaushe suna ganin bambanci kuma suna haɗa waɗannan nau'ikan centrantus guda biyu.
- Dogon tsayi. Tall bushes tare da kuri'a na mai ganye ganye an rufe da whitish Bloom. Ganye suna m da lanceolate tare da m baki. Ya bambanta da girman inflorescence. Peduncle har zuwa 20 cm tsayi an rufe shi da manyan furanni idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan. Girman kowane toho kusan 15 mm. Furanni masu duhu, shuɗi.
- Valerian. Mafi karami wakilin. Tsayinsa bai wuce 10-30 cm ba, kuma inflorescences yana da ruwan hoda da ash ja. Yana furewa a gaban wasu kuma yana jin daɗin lambu daga Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen Yuni.
- Daga cikin sababbin nasarorin shayarwa, za a iya bambance nau'in centrantus Rasberi Jingle. An kwatanta shi da manyan rasberi inflorescences tare da furanni har zuwa 1 cm a diamita. Siffar inflorescences shine pyramidal. Isan daji yana daɗaɗɗe, an rufe shi da ganye mai launin toka, matsakaicin tsayi shine 80 cm.
Kiwo
Babban hanyar yaduwar centrantus ana daukar shi shuka iri ne. Kuna iya shuka shuka a watan Satumba ko Mayu. Autumn amfanin gona suna bugu da insuari yana tare da wani yanki na foliage. Don shuka seedlings a watan Maris, ana shuka iri a cikin tukwane, ba a yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Don harbe ya kasance yalwatacce, ya zama dole a bijirar da kwantena a dakin zafin jiki zuwa ga haske. Lokacin da girma zuwa 5 cm ba ga tsayi, sprouts na bakin ciki fita, barin mafi ƙarfi shoot a cikin tukunya. A tsakiyar watan Mayu, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin gonar, a nesa na 40-45 cm daga juna.
Hakanan zaka iya yadu da centrantus ta hanyar cuttings ko ta rarraba bushes. Don yin wannan, dasawa a watan Yuli na Agusta, ko Agusta, ko a yanke rassan mai ƙarfi kuma a tsaya a cikin ƙasa mai daɗaɗɗa a cikin tukunya zuwa zurfin kusan 10 cm.
Itace tayi girma da wuri kyakkyawa cikin sauri, saboda haka kowace shekara 3-4 kuna buƙatar sabunta lambun fure tare da sabon harbe ko tsiro. In ba haka ba, yawan furanni yana raguwa, kuma wani ɓangare na rassan a ginin ya zama mai ƙuri kuma ya rasa ɗanɗano. Partangare mai sauƙi hanyar yaduwa ya rama asarar asarar kayan ado na shuka.
Noma da kulawa
A matsayin wakili mai haske na dutsen Bahar Rum, centrantus yana ƙaunar yankunan da ke da kyau, mai natsuwa. Ya dace da wuraren da ke da alaƙa, da yin shinge, shinge da kuma lambun dutse.
Don dasa shuki, zaɓi ƙasa mai haɗi tare da ƙari da lemun tsami. Wajibi ne a tabbatar da ingancin iska da ruwa, haka kuma magudanar ruwa don kada tushen ya lalace. Idan abun da ƙasa yake da kyau shine mafi kyawun, yakamata a ciyar da tsire-tsire kowane wata tare da nitrogen (a lokacin haɓaka) da takin-mai-da-nitrogen (a lokacin fure) takin mai magani. Tun a tsakiyar lokacin rani, ana ƙara ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin potassium.
Wuce haddi danshi ne wanda ba a ke so, saboda haka watering wajibi ne kawai tare da tsawan fari, a wasu lokuta isa hazo na halitta. Rashin ruwa mai tsafta yana haifar da samuwar aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki. Idan an samo wannan, duk an datse kayan kore.
Saboda babban yiwuwa na dasa kai da kuma wuce gona da iri na bushes, pruning na yau da kullun da kuma sahun matasa ya zama dole. Ba tare da waɗannan ayyukan ba, centrantus zai wuce yankinsa a cikin shekaru 1-2.
Lokacin da furanni na farko suka bushe, kuna buƙatar yanke farfajiyar zuwa farkon nau'i-nau'i na ganye, kuma nan da nan sabon fure zai yi girma. A tsakiyar kaka, an datse ciyawar gaba ɗaya.
Kulawar hunturu
Idan masu ruwan sanyi masu sanyi ne, kuna buƙatar rufe asalin sa. Tare da raguwa a zazzabi, ya isa yayyafa rhizomes tare da yanki na peat da ganye mai ganye. Idan dusar ƙanƙara ta kasance mafi tsanani kuma babu ɗan dusar ƙanƙara, ya kamata ku gina tsari na firam ko amfani da polyethylene, rags ko agrofiber (kayan da ba na saka ba), rassa da sauran hanyoyi don kare shuka daga danshi mai danshi da sanyi.
