Indigofera (lat. Indigofera) shine tsintsiya madaidaiciya mai tsinkaye tare da dogon fure. Gidajen shuka shine Himalayas. Yana rayuwa da kyau cikin yanayin canjin yanayin zafi. Tsarin halittar indigophera yana da yawa kuma yana da halittar fiye da 300.
Bayanin Botanical
A inji nasa ne da legume iyali. A cikin halittar akwai ciyawa, rabin-iri da kuma nau'in tsiro. An rufe ɓangaren ƙasa da ƙarancin villi wanda ya ba shi jin daɗi. Ganyen suna a haɗe zuwa dogayen zangarniya, har zuwa cm 30 a girma, a cikin nau'i-nau'i a cikin adadin 3-31 guda a kowace ciyawa. Arrangedananann ƙananan ganye a jikin karar ana shirya su da kyau kuma sun kai tsawon 3-5 cm shapeari da ganyen yana da kyau tare da nuna baki. Ganyen suna fara yin fure daga tsakiyar Mayu zuwa farkon watan Yuni.
A cikin sinuses, dogo, lush, spiky inflorescences har zuwa cm 15 a girma Ana kafa kowace fure kamar karamin asu na ruwan hoda, shuɗi ko fari launi. Kallan xari ne mai siffa kararrawa kuma ya qunshi faranti biyar masu girma iri daya ne. A wasu nau'ikan, ƙananan petal ya ɗan fi tsayi fiye da sauran. A cikin mahimmancin kowane fure akwai stan itace na dozin guda biyu da kuma ƙwalji ɗaya na mace 'sessile ovary'. Flow ya fara a Yuli kuma yana ci gaba har sai sanyi.
Bayan furanni ya shuɗe, yayan itatuwa. Bob yana da sihiri ko sihiri elongated. A fare-faren kankara duhu ne, tare da karancin farin jini, a buɗe kai tsaye yayin da suka girma. Kowane kwayar yana da tsaba 4-6.
Iri daban-daban
- Indigofer Gerard Wannan tsayayyen ciyawa ya fara furewa a watan Agusta kuma bazata kawai a watan Oktoba. An tattara ganyayyaki marasa ganuwa akan dogayen petioles kuma suna da mallakin rufewa da dare. Inflorescences ne mai yawa, ruwan hoda-m, kamshi. Matsakaicin tsayin kowannensu shine cm 15. A cikin yanayin yanayi, shuka ba shi da lokacin yin 'ya'yan itace, saboda haka yana yada ciyayi kawai. Shrubs suna undemanding a cikin kulawa da girma da sauri. M don tsananin sanyi, sabili da haka, suna buƙatar tsari mai kyau don hunturu.
Indigofer Gerard - Kudancin Indigofer - Itace mai tsayi, mai yaduwa tare da rassa masu kafa. A fadada, har ma a tsayi, ya kai mita 1.8 Tun daga farkon lokacin bazara an yalwata da duhu duhu, ganye mai launin toka-furanni da furanni na llac-pink. Tare da farawa daga sanyi, ganyayyaki sun fara faɗi, wanda ke haifar da canjin shuka zuwa ga yanayin dormant. Amma ko da a wannan lokacin yana da matukar ado saboda duhu arched wake. Resistancewa daga sanyi shine matsakaici, yana buƙatar tsari.
Kudancin Indigofer - Indyefer bushewa - itace mai shuki-shuki ko tsiro mai tsiro 1.2-1.5 m. Ganyayyaki marasa ganuwa har zuwa 15 cm tsayi sun ƙunshi ganye na 7-13. Kowane ɗayansu suna cikin ninka biyu a cikin dare. A Yuli, axillary peduncles har zuwa 20 cm tsawo tare da m asu furanni siffan. An bambanta nau'ikan da yawa cewa ana amfani da furen da aka bushe da kuma foda don samo launin ruwan shuɗi.
Indyefer bushewa - Indigofer karya-dye-bushe da aka rarraba a China. Itace mai yaduwa mai rarrafe da sauri tayi girma zuwa 1.8-2 m a tsayi kuma 1.5-1.7 m nisa. Tana da fure mai tsawo da yawa daga Yuli zuwa Nuwamba. Furanni masu haske, shunayya da ruwan hoda. A shuka bai yi haƙuri frosts kuma na bukatar muhimmanci pruning. In ba haka ba, harbe suna daskarewa. Yawancin suna da launuka masu ban sha'awa - Eldorado tare da furanni ruwan hoda mai haske. Kowane fure ya juya daga waje, wanda ya ba inflorescences zama buɗe ido.
Indigofer karya-dye-bushe - Abun ado na Indigofer yaduwa a Japan da China. Ya bambanta da sauran nau'ikan daidaituwa. Bushes a tsayi ba su wuce 60 cm, kuma a fadin - 1 m. Wani kambi mai yawa ya ƙunshi harbe-harben da yawa na shekara-shekara. Ta sami damar tanƙwara ƙasa ba tare da lalacewa ba kuma ta sake dawo da sifarta. Ganyayyaki su ne ƙanana, ovu, tare da nuna baki. Ana zaune a kan petioles har zuwa 25 cm tsayi a cikin adadin 7-13 guda. Yankin babba na ganye yana da santsi kuma yana da launin koren duhu mai duhu. Partashin ɓangaren ganyen yana da laushi, tare da wahalar farin ciki. Furanni masu ruwan hoda masu launin shuɗi tare da gindin shuɗi mai duhu. An tattara su cikin inflorescences har zuwa 15 cm. Suna murna da kyawun su daga watan Yuni zuwa yanayin sanyi. Yawancin suna da launuka iri-iri tare da fure mai dusar ƙanƙara - Alba.Abun ado na Indigofer
- Indigofer Kirillov yana zaune a Arewacin China da Koriya. Zai fi ƙarfin yin sanyi. Yana tsayayya da yanayin zafi har zuwa -29 ° C. The madaidaiciya mai tushe na wannan bishiyar ciyawa mai girma 60 cm 100. Kambi yana da siffar hemisphere. Mai tushe da petioles an rufe su da farin villi. Ganyayyaki marasa lalacewa suna kasancewa a kan petiole 8-15 cm tsayi a cikin adadin 7-13 guda. Girman kowannensu yakai cm cm1 3. A kan ƙyalƙyali mai ƙyalƙyali har zuwa 15 cm tsayi, an tattara furanni masu ruwan hoda 20-30 tare da tushe mai duhu. Tsawon corolla na kowane fure ya kai cm 2. Ruwan wake da ke tsiro a cikin kaka suna da siffar da aka daɗe da yanke kuma ta kai tsawon 3-5.5 cm.
Indigofer Kirillov
Hanyoyin kiwo
Indigofer da yaduwa da tsaba. Abinda kawai ke damuna shine cewa a cikin yankuna na arewacin mahaifa basu da lokacin yin girma da girma. Amma wake da aka tattara a kudanci suna ɗaukar tushen daidai a cikin ƙasa mai sanyi. Tsaba suna shuka don seedlings a cikin Janairu, a baya an sa shi a cikin haɓakar mai haɓaka. A cikin tukwane tare da yashi na peat, an sanya wake a farfajiya, matsi kaɗan. Yayyafa a saman ba lallai ba ne. Ana adana kwantena a cikin gilashi mai tsananin zafi + + 10 ... + 18 ° C. Abubuwan fashewa sun fara bayyana a ranar 8.
An dasa tsire-tsire masu tsiro cikin tukwane dabam cikin shekaru 3-4 makonni. An dasa lingsan itace cikin ƙasa a cikin watan Yuni, tare da kiyaye nisan mil 1.5-2 A kudu na ƙasar, za a iya rarraba hanya mai sauƙi tare da. Ana shuka iri a kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa a cikin tsakiyar Afrilu. Bayan nau'i huɗu na ganye na gaskiya sun bayyana, ana dasa shuki zuwa mazaunin dindindin. Nan da nan ba ana tsammanin fure ba daga tsire-tsire, a cikin shekarun farko suna ƙara yawan tushe. Bloom na shekaru 3-4.
A lokacin rani, nau'in indigofer da kyau ta hanyar sare. Don yin wannan, a watan Yuni-Yuli, an yanke harbe-harbe matasa da ganyayyaki 2-3 kuma a haƙa a cikin ƙasa mai sauƙi mai sauƙi. Don adana danshi kamar yadda zai yiwu, an rufe tushen itacen da gilashin ko fim kafin a dasa.
Siffofin Kulawa
Wannan shuki ya fi son girke-girken rana na lambun ko ƙaramin shasha. A wannan yanayin, fure zai kasance yalwatacce. Jirgin mai ƙauna mai zafi yana buƙatar kariya daga iska mai sanyi.
Isasa ta fi dacewa tsaka tsaki ko ɗan acidic. Yana da mahimmanci don samar da kyakkyawan malalewa da kuma kayan miya na zamani. Ana amfani da takin mai magani sau 1-2 a wata. An fi son takin gargajiya da hadaddun ma'adinai. A cikin yanayin bushewa, lokaci-lokaci ruwa da bushes.
Tare da farko na sanyi yanayin, daji kusan an yanke baki daya, har zuwa sawing m harbe. Rashin sanyi ga nau'ikan sanyi yana barin karamin dungu, tsayi cm cm 15. A lokacin hunturu, an rufe Tushen da filayen ƙasa da ganye. A cikin hunturu, an jefa wannan wurin da dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin bazara, indigofer na rayayye ya fara girma kuma yana sarrafa haɓaka har zuwa 3 m na kambi a kowace kakar.
Amfani
Ana amfani da Indigofer azaman kayan ado mai zaman kansa na lambu; Ya dace da fitintinu marasa fita daga ciki da ƙirƙirar inuwa a cikin gazebos.
Wasu nau'ikan indigofer ana amfani dasu sosai a cikin masana'antar kyakkyawa da masana'antu. Indigo foda, wanda yake launin fenti mai launin shuɗi ne, an yi shi ne da ganyayyaki. Ya dace da rigar zane da kayayyakin daki. Mata na gabas sun daɗe suna amfani da shuka don shirye-shiryen Basma - danyen kaya na rana da samfurin kulawa.
A cikin magungunan mutane, tincture daga indigofer yana taimakawa magance warkarwa, raunuka da sauran matsalolin fata. Yana da ƙwayoyin cuta da sakamako masu warkarwa. Hakanan ana amfani dashi a cikin hadaddun hanyoyin magance cutar kuturta.
