Monarda - dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin bude ƙasa

Monarda fure ne daga dangin Labial. Ya kasance ga rukuni na perennial da shekara herbaceous amfanin gona. An samo sunan ornamental plant din ne bayan likitan kasar Spain kuma masanin ilimin botanist Nicholas Monardes. A shekara ta 1574, ya buga littafi mai bayyana al'adu inda ya kirata da Budurwa da ke samar da ruhu. Dankin yana da kyawawan kaddarorin kuma yana da kyan gani.

Halayen Monarda

Akwai nau'ikan monarda sama da 20. Kusan kowane nau'in za a iya girma a cikin lambu. Shahararrun nau'ikan al'adun ado:

• Lemun tsami ko lemo monarda. Tsayin shekara-shekara shine 15 - 95 cm faranti na fararen ganye. Inflorescence ya ƙunshi ɓarke ​​na 5-7 tare da ƙananan furanni na Lilac. Ana iya amfani da furanni azaman kayan ado ko tsire-tsire mai yaji.
• Lambada Hybrid bred daga masana kimiyyar Dutch. Daga cikin fararen ganye na shuka ya fito da dandano lemun tsami.
• Dot Monarda (Mint doki). Yana fasalulluka launuka masu haske mai ban sha'awa na farantin ganye, waɗanda aka fentin su a cikin inuwar kifin salmon. Tsarin tsirrai ya kai 80 cm.
• Biyu monard. Perennial ya girma zuwa 75-80 cm. Yana da rhizome mai girma a sarari. Mai tushe mai tetrahedral ne. An nuna faranti na ganye kore a ƙoshinsa da ƙasa. Tsawon lokacin ganye ya haɗu har zuwa cm 12. Launi na ƙaƙƙarfan launin ja. Inflorescences lilac ne ko shunayya.

Lemon tsami na Perennial

• Duochny monard. A cikin Turai, girma a matsayin mai yaji. Tsawon mai tushe shine cm 65-120. Ruwan yana rufe da gashin gashi. Furanni suna kama da sarƙoƙi kuma ana fentin su a cikin launi na Lilac. Inflorescences ne mai sihiri, 5-7 cm a diamita.
• Hyarda monarda (monarda hybrida). Haɗe daban-daban iri, ana bred a Jamus daga lambobin binary da duop. Tsayin bushes yakai santimita 100. A fentin inflorescences ana zane-zanen fentin-purple (Mona Lisa iri-iri), ja, fari, ruwan hoda (Lace Pink), burgundy ko sautin lavender. Sanannun nau'ikan: ja monarda, monard Bee Pue da monar Cambridge Scarlet. Babu ƙaramin kyan gani irin ta dodanni Terry Tale, Gadenvie Scarlet da Spice.
• Kwallan Kwallan Monarda. Ganyen tsiro mai tsayi ya girma zuwa 75-80 cm a tsayi. Tsarin rhizome na iri-iri yana girma a kwance. Inflorescences suna burgundy.

Monarda: dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin buyayyar ƙasa

A gida, al'adar za a iya girma daga kayan iri, ko kuma ta dasa shuki da aka sayo seedlings a cikin ƙasa.

Dasa tsaba

Lokacin shuka iri a cikin ƙasa buɗe ya dogara da yankin monarda na girma. A cikin kudanci kasashen ana yin wannan ne a farkon bazara, kuma a cikin ƙasashe masu sanyi a tsakiyar watan Mayu. Tsarin aiki

1. Zaɓi yankin da ya dace, tono da sassauta ƙasa.
2. Shuka tsaba a cikin tsagi na tono.
3. Yayyafa tare da karamin Layer na ƙasa.
4. Danshi a cikin ƙasa kyauta.
5. Rufe wurin saukowa tare da wani fim har sai harbe ya bayyana.
6. A hankali cire fim ɗin na mintuna 5-10 don samun iska, da kuma sanyaya ƙasa yayin da saman ya bushe.

Shuke-shuke da aka girma ta wannan hanyar ana watsa su zuwa wani wuri a cikin shekara guda. Ya kamata a sa ran yawo a cikin watanni 12.

Dasa shuka

1. Bayan zabar yanki don dasa furanni, tono ƙasa.
2. Bayan kwance ƙasa, tono ramuka na seedlings.
3. A cikin kowace rijiyar, zuba ruwa ruwan sama.
4. Saka da tushen seedling a cikin rami, cika sakamakon voids da ƙasa m.
5. Moisten kasar gona a wurin saukowa. A wannan shekarar, ana iya tsammanin yalwar fure.

Watering da kwance ƙasa

Monarda yana buƙatar matsakaici da matsakaici akai akai. A lokacin bushewa, ƙasa tana danshi kowane maraice. A watan Afrilu da Mayu, ana shayar da al'adun gargajiyar da ruwa mai ɗumi.

Mataki biyu

Bayan kowane tsari na wulakanci, ya zama dole a saki duniya. Yana da mahimmanci kada ku lalata tsarin tushe. Ya kamata a cire ciyawar ciyawa daga gadon filawar saboda kada ta tsinana da cikakken girma da haɓakar amfanin gona.

Hanyoyin kiwo

An yada Monarda ta hanyoyi da yawa. Mafi yawan lokuta, masu girbin furanni suna amfani da hanyar iri da aka bayyana a sama, amma zaku iya dasa shuki ta hanyar rarraba daji, ko yan itace, ko kuma tushen sa.

Hanyar rarrabe daji

Ana aiwatar da tsari mafi kyau a cikin bazara, kafin shuka ya sami lokacin farkawa bayan tsawon lokacin hutawa. Tsarin aiki

1. Danshi da shuka mai yalwa a hankali tono daga.
2. Yin amfani da wuka mai kaifi, raba tsarin tushen saboda harbe da yawa da kuma ɓangaren tushen ya kasance daga shuka.
3. Kula da yanki na yanke tare da toka na itace don hanzarta aiwatar da warkarwa.
4. A cikin shirye saukowa ramuka sanya delenki. Tushen tushe yakamata ya kasance a matakin ƙasa.

Farfadowa daga tushen sassan

Wannan shine ɗayan ingantattun hanyoyi don haifar da monarda. Ana aiwatar da hanya mafi kyau a watan Maris, har sai an fara aiki da harbe harbe. Mataki-mataki umarnin:

1. Yin amfani da shebur mai kaifi, yanke wani ɓangare na harbe tare da tsarin tushen.
2. Yankin yankuna ana kula da shi tare da toka na itace.
3. Ta tona ramuka tare da tazara ta 40 cm.
4. Don dasa tsire-tsire matasa a cikin recesses, cika rijiyoyin tare da cakuda ƙasa.
5. Shuka bushes don moisten yalwa.

Yankan

Abun girbi yana shiga farkon bazara. Saboda wannan, zaɓaɓɓen koren kore 10-20 cm tsayi an zaɓi, ana kula da sassan tare da Kornevin. Yankin da aka dasa a ƙasa an rufe shi da kwantena na filastik. Kuna iya sanya su a cikin gidan kore.

Tsarin kallo na Hyada

Da takin mai magani da takin zamani

Ana amfani da suturar miya babba a lokacin girma da lokacin furanni. A cikin bazara, ana amfani da takin ma'adinan hadaddun. Ga kowane murabba'in murabba'in, 40-45 g na hadi yana cinyewa.

A ƙarshen bazara kuma a lokacin lokacin furanni, monarda yana buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai dauke da sinadarin phosphorus da potassium. Dry granules kusa a cikin ƙasa. Tufafin a hankali yana narkewa kuma lokacin da aka yi masa ban ruwa ya shiga cikin tushen saiti. Tataccen tsire-tsire suna taimaka wajan ayyana fure.

A lokacin girma da lokacin furanni, ya kamata a yayyafa bushes tare da ruwa tare da takin ma'adinai.

Monarda duduk

Shuka dasa

A wuri guda, al'adun gargajiyar na iya girma na kimanin shekaru 5. Sannan aka dasa bushes din. Don sabunta fure, ana amfani da rarraba bushes.

Don dasawa, an girke daji a hankali kuma an canza shi zuwa sabon rami. Tushen tsarin tsohon clod na duniya ba a tsabtace shi ba. Domin kada ya cutar da hanzarta rayuwa na shuka, ana watsa shi ta hanyar jingina. Saukowa a cikin sabon wuri monard yalwa shayar. A ƙasa ne yake kwance kuma ta bushe.

Karin kwari da cututtuka

Monarda ba ya cutar da kwari saboda mahimmancin mai da ke sa kwari. Koyaya, a kan asalin rashin kulawa da kyau, al'adar na iya fama da mildew powdery wanda ke faruwa akan bangon ruwa na ƙasa, da tsatsa.

Don kawar da mildew powdery, ya isa daidaita yanayin ban ruwa. Lokacin da aka lalata ciyayi, ana kulawa da ƙasa a kusa da furanni tare da shirye-shiryen da ke ɗauke da jan ƙarfe.

Perennial a cikin zane mai faɗi

Yawo da kulawa a wannan lokacin

Lokacin fure na monarda yana daga tsakiyar lokacin bazara zuwa Satumba. A wannan lokacin, furanni masu fure mai kama da fure mai fure a cikin daji-kamar inflorescences sun yi fure a kan bushes. Launi na furanni Monarda ya dogara da iri-iri.

Bayan fure, inflorescences sun samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da suke kama da kwayoyi. Wannan yana ba da ƙarin kayan ado ga tsire-tsire har ma a lokacin sanyi. Bayan samuwar 'ya'yan itãcen, zaku iya fara tattara tsaba. Su germination yana zuwa watanni 36.

Shirye-shiryen hunturu

Idan daji guda na monarda yayi girma akan fure, a lokacin kaka ana iya haƙa shi, ana iya haye ƙasa kuma a shirya dasa shuki wasu furanni. Anyen iri-iri masu sanyi ne masu tsaurin sanyi, don haka basa buƙatar a haƙa shi. Ya isa ya rufe kowane daji tare da yanki na spruce 10 cm kauri.

Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi

An dasa al'adu a kan gadaje na fure, ragi ko a kan ciyawa. Girma wata dabbar dodo a cikin kayan masarufi tana da kyan gani.

Itace tayi kyau tare da rudbeckia, perennial phlox, bluebells da manyan kayan dawakai. Kuna iya tallafawa yada bushes na monarda tare da tsire-tsire na hatsi.

Perennial yayi kyau akan lawns

M kaddarorin da shuka monarda

Haɗin fure ya haɗa da man fetur mai mahimmanci, bitamin B da C. Al'adar tana da amfani da yawa cikin cututtukan homeopathy. Monarda mai mahimmanci yana da anti-damuwa, antianemic da antioxidant Properties. Amfani da shi na yau da kullun yana warkar da cututtukan dake tattare da cutar atherosclerotic, yana taimakawa wajan magance cututtukan radadi, magance alamomin mura da karfafa tsarin garkuwar jiki.

Ana amfani da Monarda a cikin lura da:

• otitis kafofin watsa labarai;
• cystitis;
• sinusitis;
• ciwon huhu;
• narkewar tsarin cuta.

Monarda mai mahimmanci yana taimakawa wajen magance ciwon kai, ƙafa da ƙusa na naman gwari, da cututtukan ƙwayar bakin ciki. 'Yan kwalliyar kwalliya suna amfani da monarda don sanya maski da mayuka don shafawa a fata.

Monarda wata shuka ce da zata iya yin ado da kowane irin lambu. Kula da amfanin gona abu ne mai sauki. Bayar da shuka tare da yanayin dacewa don haɓakawa da haɓaka, zaku iya ƙaunar daɗaɗaɗɗen fure.