Guzberi ɗan itace ne da ake shukawa wanda ke yin girma a cikin Yammacin Turai da Arewacin Afirka. Wannan itace tsintsiya madaidaiciya wacce take jin girma a tsakanin bishiyoyi masu 'ya'yan itace da kuma a cikin gandun daji. Idan ba ku kula da guzberi, yana gudana daji, da berries ya zama acid ɗin ba zai iya jurewa ba, adadinsu yana raguwa, don haka tambayar yadda za a ciyar da guzberi a lokacin da yake yawan amfani da itace a tsakanin lambu.
Brief Guzberi
Tsawon daji shine mita 1-1.3. Haushi shine launin toka mai duhu ko launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, exfoliates. An rufe rassan da ƙayayuwa. Ganyen suna da koren haske, fesosin, otal-ovate ko zagaye. Kodan sunyi launin ruwan kasa.
Furanni ana fentin su a cikin koren haske, suna ba da launin ja. A shuka blooms a watan Mayu.
Sapling
'Ya'yan itãcen sun haɗu a watan Yuni-Yuli, a wasu nau'ikan a farkon rabin Agusta. Bishiyar da aka dafa itace haske mai launin kore, mai launin shuɗi, mai haske mai haske ko ma burgundy, komai kuma ya dogara da iri-iri. Gooseberries suna cikin halittar Currant.
Me yasa kuke buƙatar takin gooseberries
Ciyar da ƙwayoyi na taimaka wa shuka su dawo da sauri bayan hunturu.
Da kuma saman miya:
- yana haɓaka haɓakar seedlings;
- inganta dandano na berries;
- yana kara yawan aiki.
Nutrientsarin abubuwan gina jiki zasu taimaka wa shuka wajen magance cututtuka da kwari.
Abin da zai faru idan takin bai kan lokaci ba ko kan tsari
Guzberi yana ciyar da matakai uku - a farkon bazara (sau da yawa), a lokacin rani da na ƙarshe - a cikin kaka. Gooseberries fara haɓaka sosai a farkon, don haka suna takin bushes tsawon lokaci kafin fure, har ma a lokacin farkon toho.
Mahimmanci! Tare da kulawa ta musamman takin shuka a lokacin bazara. Idan lokacin da aka zaɓi wannan ba daidai ba ne, to, berriesanyen da suka ɗora zai zama zaƙi mai zaƙi.
Don hana wannan, ana amfani da takin mai magani a matakin farko na samuwar Berry. Idan wannan lokacin ya wuce, to, an hana takin mai magani.
Guda iri ɗaya ke haduwa da ciyawar bushes sama da na al'ada, musamman ma lokacin kaka. Ciyar da ba a sarrafawa ba za ta ba da izinin shuka ya fada cikin yanayin hunturu ba, saboda hakan na iya mutu.
Abin da takin mai magani ya dace da gooseberries
Idan ganyayyaki suka faɗi, daji bai yi fure ba, 'ya'yan itaciya su bushe, kula da takin ta da takin ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya - su biyun sun dace da gooseberries. A wasu halaye, takaddun kantin kayan hadaddun magunguna da magunguna na mutane sun dace.
Ma'adinai
Gooseberries suna cikin tsananin buƙatar phosphorus da potassium. A karkashin daji a lokacin da ya dace, dauke da sinadarin phosphorus:
- superphosphates (diluted da ruwa, amfani dashi don ban ruwa na bazara na bushes, don hanzarta ci gaban haɓaka da haɓaka);
- diammophos (dace da acidic da super-acidic kasa, dace da kwayoyin, amma idan akwai wani jiko na farko).
Don ƙara yawan aiki a ƙarƙashin bushes yi:
- potassium a matsayin sulfate;
- sinadarin potassium biyu;
- tukunya;
- itace ash.
Saturation na kasar gona da potassium yana ba ku damar rage adadin mutuwar sakamakon sanyi da cututtukan tsire-tsire.
Kwayoyin halitta
Mafi kyawun tsire-tsire masu tasowa shine humus hade da abincin kashi ko ash. Idan ba a samu humus ba, to sai a yi amfani da takin da aka samo bayan sarrafa tsutsa, ciyaman, ciyawar feather, rowan berries ko hawthorn.
Mahimmanci! Lokacin amfani da daskararren taki maimakon humus, suna ƙoƙarin yin shi don kada su shiga ɓangaren ƙananan ganye ko gangar jikin. Peat dole ne a watsa a kan taki (mulching).
Hadakar
Amfani da takaddun takaddun yana taimakawa don adana kuɗi da haɓaka tasirin takin da aka shafa. Mafi sau da yawa amfani:
- ammophosomes (orthophosphoric acid an shafe shi da ammoniya sabili da haka yana dauke da ƙarancin nitrogen, an gabatar dashi a cikin bazara da kaka);
- nitrophosic (a cikin abun da ke ciki - nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium, ana ɗauka daidai gwargwado, kusan 17-18%).
Wannan nau'in taki ya dace da ciyarwar bazara da kaka.
Kulawar bazara
Magungunan magungunan gargajiya
Za'a iya ciyar da Gooseberries da magunguna na mutane:
- tincture na weeds (an tattara ciyawa, an zuba shi da guga na ruwa 1, an bar shi har mako ɗaya, bayan haka an shayar da laka kuma an shayar da gooseberries tare da ragowar ruwa);
- kirim mai tsami da whey gauraye da zuma, ruwa da yisti (1 lita na magani ne gauraye da 1 tablespoon na kirim mai tsami, 1 teaspoon na zuma da lita 10 na ruwa, a yarda ferment, zabi 0.5 lita kuma diluted wani lita 10 ciyawar daji mai ban ruwa);
- dankalin dankalin turawa, da ruwan zãfi (1 kg na dankalin turawa, ana zuba shi da guga 1 na ruwan zãfi, an rufe shi da murfi kuma an ba shi damar yin sa'a 1, bayan haka an ƙara gilashin ash 1 a cakuda kuma an shayar da ingantaccen bayani na guzberi).
Mahimmanci! Ba duk takin zamani ne za'a iya haɗe tare da juna ba. Don haka ba mai jituwa ba: ammophos da ash, potassium ko sodium nitrate da superphosphate.
Yadda za a takin gooseberries yadda yakamata
Tasirin taki ya dogara da yadda aka shafa shi.
Tushen miya
Ana aiwatar da suturar Tushen lokacin dasa, ana kara takin zuwa rami, wanda aka sanya tushen guzberi, kamar yadda duk cikin girma da haɓakar shuka.
Amma ana shayar da su ba ƙarƙashin tushe ba, amma 10-20 cm daga gare ta, ɗayan ya dace da takin mai girma. Abubuwan da aka yi amfani dasu kada su faɗi akan ganye da ganyayyaki sai dai idan takin yana da niyyar kiwo don dalilai masu feshin ruwa. Wannan na iya haifar da ƙonewa a cikin ganyayyaki.
Mayafin saman Foliar
Mayafin saman Foliar
Ana amfani da kayan miya na sama na Foliar idan ganyayyaki da berries suna da rashin lafiya, kuma shuka kanta ba ta haɓaka da sauri.
A wannan yanayin, ba a amfani da takin don shayarwa ko yayyafa shi a ƙarƙashin tushen, amma don fesawa tare da taimakon bindigogi na musamman.
Abun miya na Foliar shine mafi sauri kuma mafi sauƙi don saturate tsire-tsire tare da abubuwa masu amfani. Ganyen ba sa bukatar fitar da su daga ƙasa, suna sha su nan da nan. Idan aka fesa bushes a lokacin da ya dace, wannan yana adana akan adadin takin da ake amfani da ƙasa.
Guzberi saman miya lokacin dasa
Yayin dasa, an gabatar da abubuwa masu zuwa cikin rami:
- dung mai ruwa;
- takin
- superphosphate;
- hadaddun tuk.
Da takin mai magani yana hade da ƙasa kuma bayan haka sun faɗi cikin rami. In ba haka ba, akwai haɗarin konewa a kan Tushen, wanda shuka zai mutu ko ya daina ci gaba har sai an murmure cikakke.
Siffofin bazara ciyar gooseberries
Ruwan saman saman bazara na daji yana da matukar mahimmanci, girbi mai zuwa ya dogara da ingancinsa. Ana ciyar da bushes ɗin akai-akai - kafin fure, lokacin sa, bayan ovaries fara bayyana.
Yadda ake ciyar da gooseberries a bazara kafin fure
Kafin kumburi da kodan karkashin kowane guzberi daji yi:
- har zuwa 5 kilogiram na humus ko takin;
- urea
- potassium sulfate;
- superphosphates.
Mahimmanci! An zuba Humus tare da yanki na 9-10 cm a kusa da bushes, ya rufe 1 cm tare da yanki na duniya ko peat. Wannan ya zama dole don sassauta tsarin nitsewar nitrogen.
Yadda ake ciyar da gooseberries lokacin fure
A lokacin furanni, ana ciyar da gooseberries:
- slurry;
- nitrophosic (ba fiye da 20 g ga kowane daji ba).
Hakanan zaka iya ciyar da magungunan jama'a - tinctures daga weeds, cakuda kirim mai tsami, zuma, whey da ruwa.
Yadda ake takin gooseberries a bazara don amfanin gona mafi kyau
Don samun babban amfanin gona, a watan Mayu, ana shayar da shuka tare da cakuda:
- 60 g na superphosphate;
- 40 g na potassium sulfate;
- 1 lita itace ash.
Ciyar da bishiyar guzberi bayan an gama ciyawa da taki ba shi da inganci.
Siffofin riguna na bazara
A lokacin rani, shuka yana buƙatar abubuwan gina jiki babu ƙasa da idan kun ciyar da gooseberries a cikin bazara, amma amfani da su a hankali, bin wani tsarin.
Berries a kan lafiya daji
Guzberi saman miya a lokacin ƙirƙirar 'ya'yan itace
A lokacin samuwar 'ya'yan itãcen, gooseberries dole ne a kula dasu da superphosphate. Don 1 guzberi daji, 70 g na superphosphate ya isa.
Mahimmanci! Bayan amfani da superphosphate, acidity na ƙasa yana ƙaruwa. Kafin amfani dashi, duniya lemun tsami. Iyakancewa ba lallai ba ne idan an lura da ƙarancin ƙasa na acidity.
Don yin berries ɗin ya yi zaki kuma mai daɗi, ana ƙara gishiri gishiri a ƙasa a ƙarƙashin bushes. Ana zubar da cakuda 40 g na potassium sulfate ko potassium nitri na kashi biyu a ƙarƙashin kowane daji. Hakanan ciyarwa yana yiwuwa tare da kwayoyin, alal misali, itacen ash. Bushaya daga cikin daji ya isa don haɓakar al'ada na kilogiram na ash na ash.
Yadda ake ciyar da gooseberries bayan daukana berries
Bayan daukana berries, sai aka yayyafa gooseberries da humus a ƙarƙashin gishiyar bushes. Wasu lokuta ana amfani da ragowar ciyawar ciyawa ko ciyawa saboda wannan dalilin. Amma a farkon lamari, akwai haɗarin watsa wasu cututtukan cututtuka zuwa guzberi tare da ciyawa, kuma a cikin na biyu, yana da mahimmanci a yi hankali sosai don tabbatar da cewa ciyawa ba ta taɓa yankin tushe ba.
Yadda za a takin gooseberries a cikin fall (kayan miya don wintering)
Itace ana barshi shi kadai (ciyarwar bazara ta ƙarshe bayan ɗaukar berries) har zuwa farkon Satumba. Da farko na kaka, gooseberries fara dafa don hunturu.
Don yin wannan:
- yi amfani da maganin vermicompost (1 tbsp. an lalata abubuwa a cikin l 10 na ruwa kuma suna shayar da tsirrai a ƙarƙashin tushen);
- Ana amfani da takin ma'adinai (100 g na potassium nitrate da 120 g na superphosphate a cikin bushe an haɗa su kuma an yayyafa su tare da wannan cakuda a ƙasa a ƙarƙashin bushes, tare da rufe peat ko ƙasa a saman);
- shayar da bushes tare da sulphate ko carbonate;
- amfani da potassium nitrate (400 g ya isa ga daji 1);
- yayyafa ƙasa a ƙarƙashin bushes tare da ash na itace (ana amfani da wannan nau'in ciyarwa ne kawai idan lokacin rani yayi ruwa da sanyi).
Autumn saman miya
A karkashin bushes, zaka iya yin humus, taki ko takin. Babban abin tunawa shine cewa zaka iya amfani da takin iri ɗaya ne kawai, ya fi kyau kada ku haɗawa.
Guzberi ɗan shuka ne mara misaltawa, ciyarwar da ta dace wanda ke taimakawa inganta ingancin fruitan itacen da yawan amfanin gona. An fi ciyar da su tare da ma'adinai, hadaddun takin gargajiya da takaddun gargajiya, miya da aka shirya kai tsaye daga ɓoye ko whey. Musamman inji yana buƙatar phosphorus da potassium.
