Apple Orchard ne wanda ba a ke so a yi watsi dashi. Shekara guda lokacin bazara ya zama ya zama rigar, tare da fogs. A cikin 'yan kwanaki kadan, uku daga cikin bishiyun apple bakwai ba zato ba tsammani sun kamu da rashin lafiya. Da farko sun rufe da farin ƙura, sannan ganyen ya fara ja da launin ruwan kasa. Itacen apple ya fara watsar da 'ya'yan itacen da aka girbe. Rashin amfanin gona ya zama wuri gama gari: mildew powdery.
Abin da naman gwari ya lalata itacen apple
Ganyayyaki na Powdery sau da yawa suna shafar melons, bushes bushes: gooseberries, currants, Acacia, hawthorn. Fungi Erysiphales, Phyllactinia guttata na dangin Erysiphaceae na aji Ascomycetes (Ascomycetes) suna zaune ne a kan bishiyun apple kawai. Wannan nau'in naman kaza ba ya shafar wasu albarkatu. 
Ilimin 'yan takarar
Tsarin ci gaban kamuwa da cuta na bishiyoyin apple ya kasu kashi biyu:
- Halittar candida (ƙwayoyin tsiro na tsiro), suna mutuwa kawai -20 ° C. An bayyana a cikin bazara tare da farin aibobi. Idan an kalle su a karkashin gilashin ƙara girman, mycelia - cobwebs na naman gwari - za su kasance a bayyane. Plaur-kamar plaque - ripened spores na mycelium.
- Marsupial, yana farawa kwanaki 30 bayan rauni. Jiki mai launin baƙar fata tare da kayan ɗigon launuka suna bayyana (ɗigon duhu akan ganye)
Powdery mildew cuta ce mai cutarwa. Ana ɗaukar Spores ta iska, tsuntsaye, tare da kayan aiki, akan tufafi. The pathogen hana shuka, ya hana photosynthesis.
Ganyen curls, ta bushe. Buds da aka shafa, inflorescences. Amfanin gona ya ragu zuwa 80%, zafin hunturu na bishiyar yana taɓarɓarewa, dole ne a yanke wani kambi.
Bayyanar da hanyar gwagwarmaya
Da farko, cutar kuturta ta bayyana kanta cikin farin plaque, mai kama da gina kura. Kafa a sosai tukwici daga cikin rassan:
- ƙaramin ganye
- kodan;
- fure furanni;
- haushi na twigs.
Gaskiya, ban nan da nan ba da hankali ga harbe harbe. Ina tsammanin ruwan sama na farko zai share fashin. Akwai shi! Ya yi rawar jiki, har ya fara tsawa, wani ba} in fata ya bayyana.
Ganyayyaki ya fara bushewa, kaka kaka ce domin bishiyoyi - lokaci ya yi da ganye zai faɗi.
Yadda za a magance mildew powdery a kan itacen apple
Yana da wuya a kawar da candida; suna hunturu sosai. Na lura cewa fannin sarrafa bishiyoyi a kan mazugan kore (lokacin da an fara farawan fure) bai nuna alamun plaque ba. Abin da za a aiwatar - Zan faɗi daban. A koyaushe ina bincika gonar a hankali lokacin da karnukan da ke ci gaba da bayyana da safe. Don haɓakar namomin kaza apple, yanayi mai daɗi shine babban zafi da zafi (as, duk da haka, ga duk sauran nau'in mildew irin). Domin kambi ya kasance da iska mai kyau, ana buƙatar tsabtace tsabta na yau da kullun. Haɗin Mycelia zai yi jinkirin haɓaka, idan danshi bai isa ba, zai narke har sai lokacin mafi kyau.
Lokacin aiwatarwa:
- farkon an yi shi a farkon bazara, zaka iya amfani da fungicides masu ƙarfi;
- sakandare bayan sati biyu tare da kwayoyi iri ɗaya;
- rigakafin ya zama dole idan yanayi mai kyau ya tashi, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da samfuran halitta waɗanda ba su da lahani ga kwari;
- ana buƙatar kaka ta ƙarshe bayan girbi, ba kawai aka yayyafa rawanin ba, har ma da ganyayyaki da suka faɗi, ƙasa.
An lura cewa shuka ba zai iya rashin lafiya ba idan yana da isasshen phosphorus, alli, potassium. Tare da wuce haddi na nitrogen, akasin haka, ganye suna girma sako-sako, mycelia sun fi sauƙi.
Powdery Mildew Jiyya
Bari mu kalli magunguna da dama da ke da tasiri daban-daban:
Fungicides (sunadarai, ba lafiya, amma tasiri):
- Topaz
- Tasiri;
- Tauraruwar Flint;
- Chorus;
- Itace;
- Firimiya;
- Rubigand;
- Cumulus DF;
- Tiowit Jet.
Aka gurfanar da shi bisa umarnin. Matsakaicin aiki shine sau 3 tare da tazara tsakanin makonni biyu.
Kada ku manta game da kayan kariya na sirri: safofin hannu, baho, hula, tabarau, maɓallin kariya da ke rufe bakin da hanci.
Da kyau ya dace da sarrafa colloidal sulfur. An bred a cikin kudi na 20 g da lita 10 na ruwa. Abun yana da hadari ga dabbobi, kwari. Tare da lalacewa mai tsanani, an rage tazara tsakanin jiyya zuwa mako guda. Sulfur yana tasiri a yanayin zafi daga +18 ° C zuwa +20 ° C. A cikin matsanancin zafi yana iya haifar da ƙonewa a cikin ganyayyaki.
Kayan aiki da yafi shahara:
- Phytosporin shine ingantaccen samfurin kayan halitta wanda yake aiki da cututtukan fungal da yawa.
- Ruwan Bordeaux galibi ana amfani dashi don maganin bazara da bazara na kaka.
Kan adam magunguna:
- albasa husk jiko (mafi girma taro, mafi kyau);
- rauni violetin manganese bayani ba shi da tasiri cikin mummunan raunuka;
- bayani whey (tsarmar kunshin lita a cikin lita 5 na ruwa).
Powdery mildew resistant apple iri
Abubuwan kariya na asalin halitta daga kariya daga mildew, masu ilimin kimiyya basu sami ikon kawowa ba. Amma an lura cewa akwai wasu nau'ikan da mildew powdery suka bayyana sosai da wuya .. Mafi yawa daga cikinsu, suna daidaitawa da kyau a yanayin tsakiyar latitude:
- Amulet (matsakaici mai nauyi);
- Gloucester (ja-kore, mai elongated, tapering zuwa tip);
- Mutsu (kararrawa, mai launin shuɗi);
- Ligol (ja, elongated);
- Florina (ja-kore, mai daɗi).
A cikin yanayin, zan lissafa wasu: Red Amber, Summer Golden (farkon farawa), Orion, Talida, Carmen, Talisman. Red Poppy, Argo, Prestige.
Lokacin sayen seedling, yana da kyau a zabi nau'ikan da aka zana, sun dogara da bishiyoyi masu jure shuɗewar scab. An lura cewa ire-iren waɗanda basu da haɗari ga scab ba su da galibi za a rufe su da mildew powdery.
Yi girbi mai kyau! Ka tuna, babban abinda ba shine shine kaɗa kambi ba, a cikin lokaci don ciyar da bishiyar apple tare da potassium, alli, phosphorus, musamman tare da bambancin dare da yanayin zafi. Jiyya na rigakafin kuma ba zai taba cutarwa ba.
