Mirikaria shine tsire-tsire mai ban sha'awa mai mahimmanci wanda ke da mahimmanci ga yawancin lambu saboda tsarin fure na sabon abu. Ba kamar yawancin amfanin gona mai haske ba, ciyawar da take cike da ita tana ƙawata gonar gaban da rassan scaly na azurfa.
Babban halayen myricaria
Daskararren shuka shine na dangin tsefe kuma yayi kama da Heather. Sunansa shine nau'in kalmar sunan Latin don Heather (mirica). Wurin haihuwa na myricaria Asiya ne (daga Tibet zuwa Altai), an yadu kan filayen Sinawa da Mongolian. Hakanan yana zaune a plateaus da tuddai, suna hawa zuwa tsayin kilomita 1.9 sama da matakin teku.
Yankin na da launin ja ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da ƙananan sikelin ganye. Sarancin yada bishiyoyi a cikin yanayin yanayi yana isa 1-1.5 m, kodayake ana samun tsire-tsire a cikin yanayi har zuwa 4 m na tsayi. Faɗin wakilan gonar shine 1.5 m.
A cikin daji, akwai manyan harbe 10-20 na hawa sama, mai santsi tare da tsayayyen tsari. Branchesarshe ƙarshen gefen an rufe shi da ƙananan fleshy ganye, launin faranti ganye ne mai launin shuɗi-kore. Lokacin ciyayi na shuka yana daga farkon Mayu zuwa sanyi. A wannan lokacin, koda ba tare da inflorescences ba, yana aiki azaman ado na gaban lambu ko lambun.
Myricaria blooms a tsakiyar Mayu kuma yana jin daɗin m buds na watanni biyu. Irin wannan dogayen fure shine saboda buɗewar furanni a hankali. Na farko, sun yi fure a kan ƙananan harbe kusa da ƙasa, kuma a ƙarshen bazara - a kan firam na shuka. Fure daya yana rayuwa daga kwana 3 zuwa 5. A kan tsayin daka da tsayi har zuwa 40 cm a tsayi, an kafa inflorescence mai ƙyalƙyali. Ya danganta da iri-iri, ana kafa furanni akan filo na mai tushe ko a cikin sinus na ganye. An goge goge da yawa tare da kananan ruwan hoda da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.
Bayan an gama fure, sai tsaba suka girma. An tattara su a cikin akwati mai ɗorewa na pyramidal. Mafi ƙarancin tsaba suna da farin ciki.
Iri daban-daban
A al'adance, an san nau'ikan nau'ikan myricaria:
- Daurian;
- foxtail.
Mirikaria daurskaya, tana da farin jini, ana samunta sau da yawa a kudu Siberiya da Altai. A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, an yaye matasa harbe tare da haushi mai launin shuɗi, wanda a cikin shekaru masu zuwa ya zama launin ruwan kasa. Fushin yana da launin toka, toka, ya kai mm 5-10 a tsayinsa, kuma mm ne kawai mm 1 mm. Siffar ganyayyaki yana daɗaɗɗuwa ko nesa, ɓangaren na sama yana cike da ƙananan gland.
Inflorescences samar a kan a kaikaice (mazan) da apical (shekara daya) harbe. Hanyar inflorescences abu ne mai sauki ko mawuyacin tsari, waɗanda aka yi wa ɗabi'a. Da farko dai farfajiyar ta gajarta, amma ta hanyar bude alkalami sai suka zama ya fi tsayi. A ƙwanƙwasa har zuwa 6 mm a diamita shine ƙaramin ƙaramin wuta, 3-4 mm a girman. Abubuwan ruwan hoda masu launin ruwan hoda suna haɓaka 5-6 mm a gaba kuma suna da faɗin 2 mm. Half-fused stamens ƙawata ƙwallaye ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwa. A cikin kwandon tricuspid na tricuspid akwai ƙwayoyin elongated har zuwa mm mm 1.2 a tsawon tare da ɗan ƙaramin sirinji.
Foxtail Mirikaria, ko, a cikin ra'ayin sauran lambu, foxtail ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a Yammacin Turai, har ma a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Tsakiyar Asiya. Shrubarancin ciyawa tare da madaidaiciya da hawan harbe-harbe a kaikaice suna gudana tare da ganyayyun ganye. Launi na takardar shine azurfa tare da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.
Daga tsakiyar watan Mayu zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta, an samar da babban tushe da tassels na inflorescences ruwan hoda. Furanni da yawa suna rufe farji sannan suka fara buɗewa daga ƙasa, ƙarƙashin nauyin kuzarin, tushe yana yawan fadi a cikin baka. Har sai furanni sun buɗe, itacen furanni yakai 10 cm tsayi kuma yayi kama da ɗima'i mai yawa, amma, yayin da yake shuɗa, yana tsawa zuwa 30-40 cm kuma yana zama mafi sako-sako.
A farkon kaka, 'ya'yan itace ya fara lalacewa. Saboda whitish pubescence na tsaba a ƙarshen rassan, manyan harbe kama da wutsiya da fox da lush mai haske ƙarshen. Don wannan fasalin, inji ya sami suna.
Kiwo
Lokacin yada shi ta hanyar tsaba, ya zama dole a lura da yanayin ajiya, tun da yake sun rasa kayansu da sauri. Kiyaye tsaba a yanayin zafi matsakaici a cikin kunshin ruwan da aka rufe. Saukowa ana yi shekara mai zuwa. Kafin shuka, an daidaita tsaba tsawon mako guda a firiji a zazzabi na + 3 ... + 5 ° C. Bayan wannan hanya, adadin germination ya wuce 95%. Ba tare da ɓarna ba, kashi ɗaya bisa uku na tsire-tsire za su yi toho.
Shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye ba tare da zurfafa ko yafa tare da ƙasa ba. Hanyar bushewa ko haurawa ta amfani da laushi ta ƙasa an gwammace. Tuni don kwanaki 2-3 da tsaba suna pecking kuma karamin tushe ya bayyana. Ana yin harbi ƙasa bayan kusan mako guda. Seedlingsarfafa seedlingsan itacen da aka dasa cikin gonar bayan farawa na ɗimbin zafin, kamar yadda ƙanƙanin sanyi zai lalata tsire-tsire.
Zai fi dacewa don yada myricaria ta hanyar yanka da rarraba daji. Don waɗannan dalilai, harbe (tsoho) harbe da matasa (harbe-harbe) na shekara sun dace. Yanke da yankan itace na iya kasancewa a tsawon lokacin ciyayi. Tsawonsu ya zama 25 cm, kuma kauri mai kauri mai tushe - 1 cm.
An yanyanka yankakken yankan hular tsawon tsawon tsawon 1-3 tsawon awannin ruwa-giya na abubuwan kara kuzari (Epin, Heteroauxin ko Kornevin). Ana saukowa nan da nan zai fi kyau a cikin tukwane da aka shirya ko kwalaben filastik. Kodayake ana kafa tushen da sauri kuma shuka ya dace don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, hankalinsa ga sanyi a farkon shekarar rayuwa yana da girma. A cikin yanayi mai sanyi, harbe matasa ba sa yin hunturu da kyau. Amma a cikin bazara na shekara ta biyu, ana iya dasa shuki lafiya a gonar kuma kada ku ji tsoro don hunturu nan gaba.
Kula da tsiro
Mirikaria ba ya lalacewa ta hanyar cututtuka daban-daban kuma yana da tsayayya ga kwari. Tana da ƙanƙanuwa sosai. Yana iya jure hunturu hunturu har zuwa -40 ° С da zafi lokacin zafi har zuwa + 40 ° С.
M lambun da ƙasa loamy peat ƙasa sun dace da dasawa. Ya fi son tsaka tsaki ko yanayin ɗan acidic. Mirikaria yana da tsayayya ga fari, koda a cikin zafi yana buƙatar ɗan ruwa kaɗan, amma a kan ƙasa mai laushi yana haɓaka kuma ya fi fure. A cikin rashin ruwan sama, 10 l na ruwa a kowace daji ya isa sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu. Yana tsayayya da wuce haddi danshi da ambaliyar ƙasa na wucin gadi.
Tare da mulching shekara-shekara na kasar gona tare da kwayoyin halitta (peat ko humus), launi na petals da greenery sun zama cikakke. A lokacin kakar, zaka iya yin miya 1-2 na daji tare da takin zamani na amfanin gona na Heather.
Don dasa, yankuna masu launin inuwa mai kyau sun fi dacewa. Dankin yakan yarda da haske mai haske, amma rana tsakar rana na iya ƙone harbe matasa.
A hankali, bushes ɗin ya zama mai maƙogwaro, yana da shekaru 7-8 shekaru tsirran ya rasa kyanta. Don hana wannan, kuna buƙatar datsa kullun. An yi shi a matakai biyu:
- a cikin kaka - don dalilai na ado;
- a cikin bazara - don cire rassan daskararre da bushe.
Yankunan rassan suna da saurin iska mai ƙarfi, saboda haka suna buƙatar tsari na musamman ko saukarwa cikin wurare masu natsuwa. A cikin hunturu, an dasa tsiron don taimaka wa tsayayyawar dusar ƙanƙara ko iska mai ƙarfi. Matasa girma za a iya lanƙwasa zuwa ƙasa a cikin fall.
Amfani
Mirikaria zai zama kyakkyawan ƙari ga ƙirar keɓaɓɓun rarar halitta da na wucin gadi. Ana amfani dashi azaman tef ko a cikin dasa bishiyoyi akan gadajen fure. Fi son unguwa da deciduous da coniferous duhu kore amfanin gona, kazalika a cikin fure lambu.
