Fatshedera wata shuka ce wacce aka samo asali a farkon karni na 20 a Faransa. Kakanninta sun kasance firiyya da faraniya Jafan. Sakamakon tsire yana da kyau kwarai don haɓakar cikin gida kuma yana samar da kamar itace, mai jinkirin girma tare da kyawawan ganye da furanni. A yau, zaku iya siyan Fatsiken ivy a cikin shagunan fure da yawa. Zai kasance kyakkyawan bangon baya ga abubuwanda aka tsara fure mai kyau a cikin ɗakin kuma zasuyi godiya ga lush greenery.
Bayanin Shuka
Fatsheder furen fure ne mai ciyawar fure, kullun perennin. Tushen tsarin yana da fibrous tare da sannu-sannu lignified Tushen duhu launin ruwan kasa. A saman farfajiya na ƙasa, itacen inabi ne mai tsayi. Yana ba da shootsan harbe kaɗan, amma yana da ikon girma har zuwa 5. Girma na shekara yana kusan cm 30. A cikin shekarun nan, an rufe ƙasa mai duhu mai duhu tare da haushi mai launin shuɗi.
Manyan ganye na petiole, dangane da iri-iri, an kasu kashi uku lobes. Suna da dunƙule mai duhu mai duhu. Baya ga iri tare da ganyayen ganye, ana samun nau'ikan iri dabam dabam. Gefen farantin ganye mai laushi ne ko waƙa kaɗan, kuma an nuna gefen kowane haɓakar.
A watan Agusta-Satumba, a cikin axils na ganye, labule mahara inflorescences daga nosescript furanni ake kafa. 'Ya'yan furanni masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda. 'Ya'yan itacen Fatschedera ruwan itace ne mai laushi, koren gero ko kuma shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai duhu. Ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙananan tsaba.
Daban-daban na Fatshead
Akwai daya kawai jinsin a cikin Fatschedera - Fatshedera Lise. Dankin itacen ɓoyayyen itacen inabi ne da yake kara lalacewa a hankali. Tare da tsawon tsawon lokacin da aka harba sune ganye mai zuwa na gaba-mai tsinkaye na siffar dabino-lobed. Fata, m foliage haske haske a rana kuma yana da kyau kore mai haske launi. A tsayi, ganye zai iya girma da 20 cm, kuma a cikin nisa - by 30 cm.
Furanni masu launin rawaya mai kamshi a ƙarshen bazara. An tattara su a cikin laima inflorescences akan na roba, takaice peduncles. Buds masu wuya, gajere bracts suna da babban ƙarfin komar da ƙwaƙwalwa na shuɗi ko launin shuɗi.
Dangane da wannan nau'in, an samo ire-iren waɗannan kayan ado na mai ɗorewa daga:
- Variegata - tare gefuna da manyan ganye manyan fararen fari ne waɗanda ke kewaye da ainihin zuciyar. A shuka ne mai saukin kamuwa da cutar da girma girma kambi a hankali.
Fatshedera Variegata - Pia - ganye a gajerun petioles an fentin su a cikin launi mai duhu duhu kuma suna da gefuna masu fiɗa. An matsa su sosai akan itacen inabi. Matasa mai tushe suna madaidaici, suna birgewa akan lokaci.
Fatshedera Pia - Yarima Azurfa - A gefen takardar takaddun iyaka ne na azurfa.
- Zinare - Tana da babban tabarau mai rawaya a tsakiyar farantin ganye.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Fatsheder yana gudana ne ta hanyar ciyayi. Apical petioles da balagagge ganye za a iya amfani dashi. Yanke yankan itace cikin ruwa a zazzabi +25 ° C. Nan da nan za ku iya dasa harbe a cikin ƙasa mai yashi-yashi kuma ku rufe da jaka. Tsarin rooting yana da matukar jinkiri, zai ɗauki akalla wata guda. Plantedalingsan da ke kafe cikin ruwa ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa tare da bayyanar da gajeriyar asalinsu. A cikin mako guda bayan dasawa, an kuma sa su a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin a cikin yanayin danshi, mai laushi.
Tushen daskararre ana dasa a hankali zuwa cikin tukwane na 2-3 seedlings tare. Wannan hanyar dasa itace zata baka damar samun karin girma mai dorewa.
Juyawa
An dasa Ivy a cikin bazara bayan shekaru 1-3. An zaɓi tukunya mai zurfi da tsayayye. Ana zuba wani yanki na magudanar ruwa a ƙasan (yadudduka da suka lalace, baƙuwar dutse, tubalin da ya fashe, ƙuraje mai yumɓu). Matsakaici ko slightlyan ƙasa mai acidic an gwammace. Abun ƙasar Fatsheder ba shi da matsala. Kuna iya amfani da gonar lambun tare da ƙari na peat da yashi kogi. Lokacin dasawa, ana amfani da hanyar daskarewa.
Idan Fatshedera ya girma a gida a cikin babban rami na waje kuma yana da wuyar dasawa, ana bada shawara don cire saman duniya a kowane 1-2 shekaru kuma maye gurbin shi da sabo. Yankan kwance lokaci-lokaci ba tare da la’akari da lokacin zai kasance da amfani ba. Zai ba da izinin Tushen karɓa oxygen ɗin da ke buƙata.
Siffofin Kulawa
Kulawar gidan Fatsheder ba ta da rikitarwa. Ta hanyar ƙirƙirar wannan matasan, shayarwa sun sami kyakkyawan rigakafi da mahimmanci. Fatshedera Lise yana da ƙarfi musamman da sauri. Gidan ivy ya fi son wuraren haske. Yawancin duk kuna buƙatar rana mai haske tare da siffofin da aka bambanta. Ba tare da shi ba, kambi ya rasa launi mai haske. Zai fi kyau a sanya tukunya a cikin ɗakuna masu haske a wasu nesa daga taga don hasken rana kai tsaye ba ya ƙone ganye.
Fatshedera baya jure zafi. Dakin yana buƙatar samun iska mai iska sau da yawa, kuma a lokacin rani yana da amfani a fallasa shuka ga iska mai kyau. Zane-zane ba zai lalata Fatsheder ba, amma iska mai ƙarfi na iya murƙushe tallafin kuma ya rikitar da kurangar. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine + 16 ... +20 ° C. A cikin hunturu, ana ba da izinin yin sanyi har zuwa + 6 ... +8 ° C, amma ire-iren ire-iren sun fi kyau ba sanyi a ƙasa + 16 ° C.
Ana shayar da Fatsheder da ƙananan rabo daga ruwan dumi. Tsakanin watering, saman dole ne ya sami lokacin bushewa. Ba a yarda da tsinkayen Liquid ba, in ba haka ba wani naman gwari zai ci gaba a kan tushen sa. Yawan ruwa kai tsaye ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki na iska: mafi ƙarancin lokaci yakan shayar da fure kuma aka fesa.
Fatshedera yana buƙatar zafi mai zafi. Ana buƙatar buɗe ganyen ganye sau da yawa a mako. Sau daya a kullun, sukanyi wanka da ruwan liana a karkashin ruwan shayi domin kawar da kura. Idan zazzabi sama ba ya ragu sosai a cikin hunturu, to ana ci gaba da feshin ƙwayoyin cuta a duk shekara.
Don Fatshedera ta girma sosai, tana buƙatar kayan ma'adinai. Sau biyu a wata daga farkon lokacin bazara zuwa farkon Nuwamba, takin zamani na ciyawar gida ana amfani da ita ga kasar.
Don samar da kyakkyawan kambi, an ba da shawarar yin datsa da kullun da kuma yanke tukwicin harbe. A tsohuwar vines, ganye a hankali bakin ciki ya fita ko gaba daya crumble. Don sake farfado da fatsheder, an yanke rassan a rabi. Kuna iya ba da kambi wata sifa tare da taimakon kayan tallafi na ado. Yau a cikin kantin sayar da kayan kwalliya na musamman zaka iya siyarwa ba kawai arches da daidaitattun goyon baya na tsaye ba, har ma da kayan yau da kullun don zane-zanen kore. Har ila yau, harbe har abada yana zama mai sauyawa, saboda haka yana da sauƙi don gina sifofi masu wuyar gaske daga gare su.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Wannan matasan na da cuta cuwa-cuwa. Za'a iya haɗa lambobi da yawa tare da kulawa mara kyau:
- ganye sukan zama mara nauyi kuma sun rasa nau'ikan su - rashin hasken rana;
- ganye suna juya launin rawaya da curl - cika ƙasa;
- gefuna ganye bushe fita - low zafi;
- An kewaya maki mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a kan ganye - ƙonewa.
A kan harbe-harbe mai laushi, ana samun mite gizo-gizo, aphid da mealybug lokaci-lokaci. Da farko dai, yakamata a wanke ciyawar a karkashin ruwa mai dumbin yawa sannan a goge ganyen da soapy. Idan kwayar cutar ba ta shuɗe ba cikin kwanaki 2-3, ana bi da su da maganin kashe kwari.
