Kowane lambu mafarkin da flowerbeds blooming daga farkon bazara da kuma blooming kawai a ƙarshen kaka. Ba shi da wahala a zabi abubuwa masu kyau da saukin kulawa don lokacin bazara, amma a lokacin hutu - lambun fure sau da yawa yana haskakawa. Cika gibba a cikin bazara tare da waɗancan nau'ikan da suka girma nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan furannin farko shine fritillaria.
Bayyanar
Fritillaria, a tsakanin tsintsiya, fure a tsakanin gefunan daji da kuma a cikin lambun furannin lambu na bazara. Fure-furenn furanninsa na tsaye a sarari kan asalin wasu wuraren ba da narkewar dusar ƙanƙara da fari na ciyawar ciyawa.
Daga cikin yanayin farkawa, nau'in wannan shuka shine sananne musamman - groan gwal Rasha. Furen furanni ana fentin su a cikin tabarau masu duhu, amma, duk da wannan, suna cike da wuraren noman rani.
Yawancin fritillaria
Bayanin Botanical
Girma Rashanci ya kasance na tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire na gandun daji na dangin Lileiny, aji na monocotyledons. Itace ya kai girman 20-50 cm, yana da tushe mai santsi da tsayi da ganye mai kaifi har ƙarshensa. Takaddun labarai na sama suna ƙasa da ƙananan, sau da yawa suna juya cikin spirals a ƙarshen.
An tattara furanninta a cikin tseren tsere na 1-5 inji mai kwakwalwa. ko a cikin axils na babba ganye, ko a saman sosai daga tushe. Perianth yana da kamannin kararrawa, daga waje ana fentin sa a cikin maron mai dauke da digiri kaɗan. Daga ciki, furannin suna da karin launin rawaya, ana zana kore a kowane lobe.
A cikin toho akwai stamens da fistil, shafi wanda aka kasu kashi uku akan gado da fure. Abubuwan da ke tattare da tsintsiyar Rashan ya girma a cikin kananan kwalaye hexagonal (har zuwa 4 cm tsayi).
Kula! Fitar wannan nau'in yana faruwa a farkon Afrilu, kuma yana ƙare a watan Mayu. Tun lokacin da hazel grouse yayi dull da kallo a farkon kallo, yan lambu sau da yawa rashin kulawa da furen. Amma gogaggen fure masu girki sun sami damar dacewa da shi a cikin yanayin abun da aka tsara na furebed domin samun cikakkiyar haɗin yanayin ƙasa.
Ganyen ganye na wannan fure sau da yawa suna haifar da mayukan ciki.
Rarraba da tsirrai
Ana samun wannan fure a cikin dabi'a a cikin yankin Turai na Rasha, kusa da ƙafafun Caucasus, a yammacin Siberiya. Hakanan zaka iya saduwa da shi a Ukraine da Kazakhstan. Girma ya tsiro a cikin ciyawa, a tsakanin ciyayi, koguna da kuma cikin tsaunuka.
Rashin aikin birni da haɓaka filayen ƙasa mai daɗi sun mamaye yawan wannan shuka a cikin yanayi. Kari akan haka, gobarar bazara (saboda lahanta mutum ko saboda yanayin halaye) galibi suna lalata filayen da ake samun saurin lalacewa.
Matsayi da rukuni rukuni
Ana amfani da Russianan Rasha a matsayin ɗan tsiro mai wuya na rukuni na III. Yana nufin nau'in kayan ado, mai ban sha'awa ga fure na CIS. A cikin 1988, ya kasance a cikin Littafin Red of Russia. Hakanan, wannan shuka ana kiyaye shi ta Red Book of Ukraine.
Don bayani! Wani dalili kuma na bacewar yawancin furanni da yawa da ke faruwa shine cewa a cikin bazara mutane kan tattara su ne don ƙirƙirar bouquets na fari, saboda furanni masu haske suna jawo hankalin nesa daga nesa. Don kiyaye fasalin dabbobin daji, kowane mutum wajibi ne ya yi tunani game da sakamakon irin waɗannan ayyukan.
Matakan tsaro masu mahimmanci
A cewar dokar, akwai hani a kan tarin rukunin yajin Rasha don bouquets, niyyarsa da rashin tarko, yana sa ciyawa tare da shuka kafin a sami iri, yana tono kwararan fitila.
Kula! Wannan nau'in kayan girke-girke na hazel an haɗa shi cikin jerin tsire-tsire masu girma da kariya a cikin ajiyar "Belogorye".
Ganin irin wannan sabon abu na fure a yanayi, kar a ja shi
Tsarin iri
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don kiwan hazel. Farkon kasan zuriyar. Ana aiwatar dashi kamar haka:
- An tattara kayan iri bayan kwalaye sun bushe.
- Ana shuka tsaba nan da nan a cikin ƙasa pre-shirye.
- An yi furrows tare da fadin 10 cm da zurfin 1 cm, an kiyaye amintaccen tsakanin su daidai da girman gadaje.
- Tsaba bayan dasawa ana shayar dasu, sannan 2 cm yafa masa peat. Otsan buɗe ido suna bayyana lokacin bazara mai zuwa.
Mahimmanci! Hanyar ba ta dacewa da rashin aiki a cikin wannan fure zai jira daga shekaru 5 zuwa 7. Tarin iri yana ba da ma'ana ne kawai don samar da kayan shuka mai yawa.
Kwan fitila
Hanyoyin yaduwar kayan lambu don fritillaria sun fi tasiri. Ofayansu shine rarraba babban albasa zuwa kashi biyu. Ana yin sa kamar haka:
- An datse furen da ya girma, an yanke kwan fitilarsa kashi biyu.
- Ana bi da sassan tare da maganin warwarewa, an bushe shi kuma an yayyafa shi da ash.
- Kowane kwan fitila ana shuka shi cikin kwantena daban da ƙasa.
Fulawa da sabon tsiro na iya faruwa tuni mai zuwa, wato bayan shekara guda.
Kula! Ba kowane kwano bane zai ba yara. Don haɓaka damar haɓaka, wurin yanke bayan bushewa yana buƙatar a rufe shi da yanka a cikin abin da aka saka kwakwalwan kwamfuta. A wannan tsari, ana shuka kwan fitila a ƙasa.
Shuka ajiya
Ana shuka kayan girke na Hazel a lokacin kaka, wanda ke nufin cewa a lokacin bazara kayan abu dole ne a adana su yadda ya kamata.
Ya kamata a kiyaye fitilar cikin daki mai bushe tare da samun iska mai kyau. Zazzabi a iska kada ya wuce 30 ° C. A karkashin yanayin ajiya na dama, yuwuwar fitowar bulbule na ƙaruwa.
Menene kwararan fitilar fure suke?
Fasahar saukar da ƙasa
Rushe hazel na Rasha shine tsire-tsire mai saurin sanyi da fari ke iya yin fari. Abu ne mai sauqi ka kula da shi, saboda a yanayi na dabi'a yakan bi da kansa. Amma yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar irin waɗannan yanayi a kan yanar gizon don haɓaka hazel grouse, wanda zai kasance kusa da kusancin mazauninsa na al'ada.
Matsayi don saukowa ya kamata:
- bushe - ambaliyar ruwan bazara da ruwan karkashin kasa bai kamata ya haifar da tsaftataccen ruwa a cikin ƙasa ba;
- hasken - mafi hasken halitta na shuka, hakan zai yi kyau;
- hadi - kayan da aka zaba da kyau zai taimaka matuka wajen samar da fure mai aiki.
Babban abokin gaba na hazel grouse ruwa mai tsauri ne a cikin ƙasa. A karkashin irin wannan yanayin, kwararan fitila na shuka da sauri rot, da furanni mutu.
Preparationasa shiri
Soilasa don tsirin Rasha ya zama mai ma'ana, amma haske. Ana iya buƙatar ƙara magudanar ruwa domin ruwa da iska su zama daidai tushen tushen shuka. Pasa pH ya kamata ya zama tsaka tsaki ko alkaline. Acidic matsakaici bai dace da girma tsire-tsire na wannan nau'in ba.
Mahimmanci! Bayan digging na farko, humus ko peat, da ash ko lemun tsami, an gabatar da su a cikin ƙasa. Don sauƙaƙa cakuda ƙasa, an haɗa yashi.
Shuka matsaloli
Baya ga ƙasa mai laima sosai, sauran abubuwan zasu iya kawo cikas ga tsarin fure kuma ya haifar da mutuwar ƙwarƙwarar hazel. Misali, zane ko iska ta arewa. Zai fi kyau a kula da zaɓar wani wurin da za a sami yanayi mai sanyin gwiwa (alal misali, a bayan bango na ginin ko gazebo, kusa da tsirrai masu tarin yawa).
Wani dalili na rashin fure a cikin gishirin hazel na Rasha shine kwancen albasa ya yi kadan. Ya kamata a ƙarfafa Tushen a cikin ƙasa kamar yadda ya kamata, kuma shuka ya sami ƙarfi. A saboda wannan, yana iya ɗaukar shekaru 1-2 bayan dasawa.
Wannan shine yadda akwatunan ƙwayar fritillary suke kama
Kulawa
Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na kulawa, girbi zai buƙaci weeding na lokaci na ƙasa, shayarwa da hadi.
Watering da shuka wajibi ne kawai a lokacin zafi zafi domin kasar gona ba ya bushe fitar da yawa ne. Bayan lokacin girma, kuna buƙatar danshi ƙasa sau 1-2 a wata, gwargwadon lokacin bushewar ƙasa.
Ya kamata a fara fitar da takin ƙasa a farkon rabin Afrilu. Ana amfani da haɗarin abinci mai narkewa. Kuna iya yin takin kanku:
- 1 guga na humus;
- 1 tbsp. cokali na nitrophoska;
- 1 tbsp. cokali na Nomaola.
Kimanin kilogiram 5 na irin wannan cakuda an rarraba shi ta 1 m² na ƙasa.
Kula! Bayan da aka fara fitar da mayafin Rasha, kuna buƙatar yin suturar miya ta biyu a karo na biyu. Amma don wannan, ana ɗaukar cakuda potassium sulfate da superphosphate (kowane 1 tbsp. Cokali).
Cutar da kwari
A karkashin yanayin shuka na dama da takin zamani, za a iya guje wa cututtuka da kwari. Amma wani lokacin za'a iya cutar da girkin:
- Naman gwari da ke yaduwa akan kwararan fitila. Kuna iya guje wa cutar kawai ta rarrabe duk kayan dasawa da raba masu cutar daga masu lafiya. Don hana irin wannan tsire-tsire ana shuka su dabam da sauran.
- Lilybugs da rattles. An lalata su da kwari. Amma mafi yawan lokuta akwai 'yan ƙwaro kaɗan a kan furanni, don haka ana iya tattara su ta hannu, sannan a hallaka.
Yayin ayyukan gona, yana da mahimmanci bincika kowane fure don kasancewar wasu kwari. Ionswararru na iya faruwa ba nan da nan ba, wata alama za ta zama canjin launi a cikin ganye ko ganyayyaki.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Irin wannan fure zai yi kyau sosai a cikin lambun dutse ko dutsen dutse. An haɗu da shi tare da periwinkles, pachisander, dutse. Zai yi kyau a kan bangon lush da furanni masu haske, a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi.
Don gadaje na fure na gargajiya, kayan hazel na wasu nau'in, alal misali, sarki ko dara, ana yawan amfani dasu. Speciesabilar Rasha ta dace sosai don ƙirƙirar lambun fure na halitta. Bayan dasa shi, mai girbin fure ba zai yi nadama ba.
