Phlebodium kyakkyawar ingantacciyar shuka ce daga halittar Ferns a cikin gidan Centipedes. Ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da ƙasa da ke faɗin duniya, inda yake gurɓataccen gurbi. A cikin ƙasar, an girma cikin ɗaki da yanayin greenhouse. Tare da kyakkyawar bayyanar, fern ya shahara saboda kayan warkarwa kuma likita ne ingantacce.
Bayanin Botanical
Phlebodium tsirrai ne masu tsufa. Cazantawa da takeyi tana manne da bishiyoyi tana ciyarwa a jikin ruwansu. Tushen an rufe shi da Sikeli launin ruwan kasa da tsawon villi mai tsayi. Girman daskararre na tushen shine 0.8-1.5 cm, kuma wani lokacin ya kai 3 cm.
Ganyayyaki suna kan fareti na tsawon mil 1. Suna da sifa iri-iri. Ana shafe furen lobes tare da gefuna wavy a cikin launi mai haske ko launin shuɗi. Tsawon farantin takardar shine 30-130 cm, kuma faɗin faɗin 10-5 cm ne. Kowane vaye yana da ƙananan ƙananan ganye 35. A gefe guda biyu, taimako, dan kadan jan hanji a bayyane suke.
Mata masu sihiri (tarawa a cikin ganyayyaki) suna ƙasa a ƙasa a kan farantin ganye. Suna da nau'i mai zagaye kuma ana fentin su a cikin orange. Kamar dai ƙananan goldenanyen ruwa na zinare warwatse tare da gefen ganye.
Shahararren ra'ayoyi
Fern phlebodium yana wakilta da nau'ikan hudu da nau'ikan kayan ado da yawa. Mafi yadu gwal na zinare. An shuka sunan tsire-tsire don lambar zinare na rhizome. A ƙasan maƙarƙashiyar leavesan ganye mai yawa. Ganyen ganye ya kai tsawon mita 1. A kan tsayayyen tsintsiya mai tsayi akwai rarrabuwar kujerun ɓawon madaukai na kore-shuɗi ko launin toka. A gefen lobes a gefe guda masu haske ne mai launin shuɗi.
Phlebodium pseudogold. Ganyayyaki sun fi yawa da duhu ko launi a launi. Sporangia suna tare da tsakiyar jijiya a jere.
Phlebodium pimply. An bambanta daji ta hanyar dogon ganye-da aka watsa masu launin shuɗi mai launi mai haske. Ganyayyaki mai laushi, ganye na fata mai lanceolate mai launin fata mai laushi. Rounded sporangia suna kan ƙananan gefen gefen lobes.
Phlebodium decumanum. Itatuwa na samar da babban daji mai yaduwa m 1-1.2 m.The m orange rhizome is partially located in the car surface. Ruwan duhu mai duhu mai duhu ya kasu kashi biyu. A saman waya na cikin 3-7 layuka sune tewnrop-dimbin yawa orange sporangia.
Nau'in kayan ado:
- Mandaianum - manyan lobes na ganye da basu da yawa suna da fa'ida;
- Ekstrand - ciyawar da aka watsa sau da yawa tare da gefuna mai juzu'i ya ƙunshi babban adadin hannun jari;
- Blue Star - ganye mai launin shuɗi-kore tare da daskararren wavy gefen ya kasu kashi 1-3;
- Undulatum - vayi suna da babban hannun jari tare da wavy gefen;
- Glaucum - ƙaramin daji tare da ganye mai ruwan toka.
Kiwo
Ana iya yaduwar ƙwayar phlebodium ta hanyar shuka spores ko rarraba rhizome. Dukkan hanyoyin suna da sauki kuma suna da tasiri. Spores ya haɗu akan ganye ta tsakiyar kaka. Vayu a yanka a hankali a tsaftace cokali tare da cokali akan takarda. Spores an shuka shi cikin kwalaye masu fadi tare da cakuda yashi da peat. Kuna buƙatar gwada rarraba amfanin gona a ko'ina a kan ƙasa. Akwatin an rufe shi da fim kuma a sa shi cikin haske mai ɗumi. Bayan makonni 1-2, ƙasa cike take da ciyawa. Bayan mako guda, ana buƙatar ba da ƙwayoyin ganyen don haka nisan ya zama cm 2-2.5. Yanzu ana iya kiyaye seedlings ba tare da tsari ba. A shekaru na 3-4 makonni, ana iya dasa ferns a cikin tukwane daban.
A cikin bazara, yayin dasawa, zaku iya raba tsohuwar daji zuwa sassa da yawa. Kowane rarrabuwa ya kamata ya kasance farkon bunƙasa 1-2. An yanke tushen tare da kaifi kuma nan da nan aka dasa shi cikin ƙasa mai laima. Wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar sauri ɗaukar farin ciki da babban labule.
Kwayar cutar Phlebodium
A bu mai kyau ga dasa phlebodium kowace shekara, ya fi kyau yin wannan a farkon bazara. An zaɓi tukunya guda ko ƙaramin girma. Suna ƙoƙarin tsabtace ɓangaren ƙasa daga asalin sa. Tushen da ke saman ƙasa, kuma su bar, ba sa buƙatar zurfafa binne shuka a cikin ƙasa. Don dasa amfani da ƙasa don ferns tare da ƙari na haushi da allura. Laidananan kananun pebbles da pebbles an ɗora su a ƙasan tukunyar don hana ruwa yawo.
Dokokin Kulawa
A gida, kula da phlebodium ba shi da wahala. Koda mai farawa zai iya jurewa. Shuka yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi kusa da na halitta. Ya kamata walƙiya ya yi haske, amma yaɗuwa. Sanya tukunya a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba a so. Koyaya, tare da rashin haske, foanyen yana bushewa, kambi kuma ya fara tonowa. Kuna iya sanya phlebodium a cikin zurfin dakin kudu, da kan windowsill na gabas ko daidaituwar yamma. A cikin hunturu, ya zama dole a yi amfani da fitila don wannan lokacin hasken rana ya ƙare akalla sa'o'i 12.
Matsakaicin iska mai kyau ga tsire-tsire shine + 25 ... +28 ° C. A cikin hunturu, zaku iya rage zafin jiki zuwa + 16 ... +19 ° C, amma sanyaya ƙasa + 10 ... +12 ° C yana da m. Yana da mahimmanci cewa yawan zafin jiki ya canza a hankali, canje-canje kwatsam zai haifar da asarar ganye.
Ga mazaunin tropics, zafi mai zafi yana da mahimmanci. Mai nuna alama bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da 50% ba. An bada shawara don fesa ganye a kai a kai, kuma amfani da trays tare da yumɓu da aka kaɗa ƙasa. Idan gidan yana da akwatin kifaye, yana da kyau a sanya fern kusa da shi. Tare da rashin isasshen danshi duka a al'adu da yanayi na dabi'a, phlebodium ya ɓoye ɓangaren ganyayyaki.
Ruwa fern sau da yawa, amma a cikin karamin rabo na ruwa. Ruwan bai kamata ya yi turushi ba, amma yakamata ƙasa ta zama ɗan daɗaɗa. Saukad da ruwa a kan tushen iska na iya haifar da lalata. Mafi kyawun amfani da hawan ko ban ruwa mara kyau.
Daga farkon bazara zuwa farkon yanayin sanyi, fern yana haɓaka ƙwayar kore kuma yana buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki. Gina masana'antu na tsire-tsire na cikin gida ya dace. Sau biyu a wata, ana narkar da takin a cikin ruwa domin ban ruwa da amfani ga kasar.
Phlebodium yana tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari. A lokuta da dama ne kawai za'a iya samun scab a kanta. Maganin maganin kashe kwari na lokaci zai taimaka kare harbe.
Amfani
Ana amfani da Phlebodium don yin ado a ciki da kuma yin furannin furanni. Ganyayen ciyawar ta su za su zama abin ban banbanci na tsirrai na fure. A cikin kwalaye masu fadi zaku iya shuka duka mallaka, wanda zai faɗi cikin kyakkyawan tataccen tudu daga windowsill.
Kar ku manta game da kaddarorin warkarwa na phlebodium. An yi amfani da kayan ado da jiko na ganye da tushen sa a cikin maganin gargajiya a cikin kabilun Mayan. Ana amfani dashi don:
- karfafa rigakafi;
- yi yaƙi da sanyi;
- karfafawar zuciya;
- maganin fuka;
- normalization na wani tunanin jihar;
- lura da cutar dementia da cutar Alzheimer;
- kare fata daga hasken ultraviolet;
- lura da psoriasis.
