Dihorizandra ɗan ƙasa ne mai cin gashin kansa. Yana zaune a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi, amma a ƙasarmu an girma kamar shuka na cikin gida ko na kore. An daɗe da sanin 'yan lambu na gida a ƙarƙashin sunan "gashin-baki" kuma suna jin daɗin girmamawa sosai. Isarancin yana da daraja ba wai don kyawunta mai ƙyalƙyali da dogayen fure ba, har ma don kayan warkarwa.
Bayanin
Dichorizandra shine tsire-tsire mara ƙaranci tare da foliage na ado da ƙima mai haske inflorescences.
Tushen tsarin shuka shine fibrous, karkashin kasa. Wasu lokuta ƙananan nodules suna farawa akan asalin sa. Sama da ƙasa ƙasa akwai tarko, mai laushi mai sauƙi, an rufe shi da ganye kawai daga sama. Farantin ganye mai kauri, m ko ovo. An nuna gefen ganyen. Tsawon ganye mai girma na iya isa 20-25 cm, tare da faɗin kusan cm 6 A cikin wasu nau'ikan, ana iya ganin bayyanar fiɗa ko ruwan hoda a saman ganye.
Jirgin dichorizandra bashi da aure, rassa a kai yana da wuya ya bayyana. Tare da sandar mai santsi ko ƙulle-ƙulle sune ganye na gaba. A cikin yanayin halitta, shuka zai iya girma 60-100 cm. Banbancin daki sun fi matsakaicin girma.
Yankin dichorizander a cikin Satumba, yana jin daɗin ƙanshi mai daɗi da inflorescences mai haske fiye da wata daya. A lokacin fure, babban, m inflorescence tare da yawa haske buds an kafa. A cikin kowane kankanin furanni, ana iya yin la'akari da sepals 3 da 3. Mafi sau da yawa, ana fentin furanni a cikin cikakke mai launin shuɗi ko shuɗi tare da farin daidai a gindin kowane fure.
Bayan buds bushe, kananan Achenes na bakin ciki-walled kasance. Suna dauke da fatara, fatu tare da kyawawan fata. A hankali suka fara bushewa da bushewa. Itaciyar fure shima ya bushe ya faɗi.
Tsarin iri
Akwai kusan nau'ikan 80 a cikin asalin halittar Dichorizandra, wasu daga cikinsu suna rayuwa ne kawai a cikin yanayin halitta na lamuran Latin Amurka. Daga nau'in cikin gida, ana iya rarrabe abubuwa masu zuwa:
Dichoricandra mai launin fari. Dankin yana samar da tsayiren bushes (har zuwa 80 cm) kuma ya shahara sosai tsakanin yan lambu. Babban fa'idar nau'in ita ce nau'in ganye ya yaɗu. A farfajiya na ganyen lanceolate, wani launi mai launin azurfa yake zanawa, wanda ya zana rawanin kore mai haske mai haske. An tattara ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi a cikin goge pyramidal kuma suna da sabanin farin fari a ainihin.
M dichoricandra m. Dankin ya samar da karamin da kuma ƙaƙƙarfan daji har zuwa 40 cm ba tsayi. M kore ganye suna haɗe zuwa m mai tushe tare da farin ratsi. Fushin yana lanceolate, baki ɗaya. A cikin haske mai haske, taɓawar fata da fatar ta bayyana akan ganyayyaki, waɗanda aka sananne musamman akan harbe matasa. Furanni masu shuɗi ne masu launin fari.
Dichoricandra mosaic. Tsarin ya jawo hankalin mutane tare da manyan ganyayyaki masu yawa. A tsawon su 15-18 cm, kuma a cikin nisa - har zuwa cm 9. A lokacin lokacin furanni, tsayi (har zuwa 30 cm) peduncle tare da lokacin farin ciki, mai siffar inflorescence mai siffa. Kashi na waje na furannin suna fari ko launin shuɗi a launi, kuma sautunan shuɗi masu cike da shuɗi suna bayyana a ciki.
Dichoricandra fure ne ko buroshi. Daya daga cikin jinsunan da suka fi girma. Zai iya girma 1-2 m ba ga tsayi. A shuka yana da madaidaiciya knotty mai tushe. Fushin yana cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire kuma an ɗora shi akan dogayen petioles a karkace. Tsawon lanceolate ko ganyayen ganye shine cm 25. Fuskar bangon itace mai haske mai haske, bayyananne. M inflorescence mai yawa, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan (2.5 cm) furanni masu ruwan shuɗi-fure, ya tashi sama da tsire. Tsawon goga shine 17 cm, wanda ke ba ka damar ƙirƙirar furanni masu tsada.
Royal dichoricandra kama da nau'ikan da suka gabata, yana da ƙarami, ana shirya shi a cikin rubabbun ganye. Tsawon su shine 7 cm kuma nisa na cm 3. An rufe tushe mai launin shuɗi tare da taɓawa na azurfa. Furanni masu launin shuɗi-shudi tare da farin cibiyar.
Kiwo
Dichorizandra ya bazu ta hanyar ciyawar da hanyoyin iri. A cikin bazara, ya kamata a dasa tsohuwar shuka gaba ɗaya kuma a yanka zuwa sassa da dama tare da kaifi mai kaifi. Nan da nan bayan hanyar, ana shuka delenki a cikin ƙasa domin tushen bai bushe ba. Pretty da ewa ba, matasa bushes dawo da fara fara rayayye ƙara kore taro.
Zaka iya yanka guntun apical ka kauda su. Tushen harbe a cikin ƙasa mai laima. Ya kamata a lanƙwasa tushe a kusurwar dama domin ɓangaren ƙarƙashin ƙasa yana sararin samaniya a zurfin 1.5 cm. Bayan haka, saiwo daga tushe zai tashi. Ya kamata ƙasa ta kasance a matsakaici, amma a kai a kai moistened, kuma an bada shawarar rufe ɓangaren sama tare da fim. Bayan makonni 2-3, saiwoyin tushen sa da na huhu suka fara bayyana. Zai fi kyau a rabu da su domin tsire-tsire ya tara ƙarin ƙarfi.
Kuna iya shuka tsaba na dichorizandra. Suna girma sosai da sauri, kuma seedlings da sauri sami ƙarfi. Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da ƙasa mai dausayi.
Kulawar Dichorican
Dichoricandra ya fi son kyawawan tsiran lambu. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi ƙasa mai ganye humus. Dichorizander yana aiki da kyau a cikin ɗayan abubuwan da aka haɗa:
- yashi;
- peat;
- ganye humus;
- turf ƙasar.
Itace tana buƙatar yawan yin shayarwa da feshin ruwa. Don haɓaka yanayin iska, yana yiwuwa a layi saman sama da moss sphagnum. Ya kamata a kula don tabbatar da cewa tukunyar tana da ramuka mai tsafta kuma cewa daskararren danshi na iya gudana ba tare da izini ba.
Dichoricandra ya fi son wurare tare da hasken da ya bazu zuwa awa 12-14. A kan windowsill na kudu, ana buƙatar shading. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa dichorizandra yana fure tare da kara yawan hasken rana. Wato, zaku iya canja wurin farkon ko tsoratar da farkon fure ta amfani da hasken wakar.
Wani mazaunin yankuna na kudu ya fi son wuraren ɗumi da kuma rashin fitattun zane. Mafi yawan zafin jiki a lokacin bazara shine + 20 ... + 25 ° C, kuma a lokacin hunturu, idan lokacin sanyi ya shiga, dichoricandre ya isa + 16 ... + 18 ° C.
A lokacin girma girma, da shuka bukatar na lokaci-lokaci kai miya. Zai dace a shafa takin gargajiya sau biyu a wata.
Dichorizandra yana da kyakkyawar juriya ga cututtuka da cututtukan fata. Wani lokacin mealybug yakan kai hari a cikin bushes. Kuna iya magance ta ta hanyar fesawa da kwari.
Amfani
Dichoricandra ya shahara saboda bayyanar ado da kyawawan furanni. Suna jin daɗin masu dogon lokaci lokacin da suke girma a gida, kuma ana amfani dasu don yin bouquets.
Kar ku manta cewa dichorizandra ("gashin-baki na zinariya") tsire-tsire ne na magani. Juice squeezed daga harbe ya ƙunshi babban adadin flavonoids da phytosterols. Ta wurin kaddarorin ta, gashin-baki na zinar yana kama da tushen ginseng. Ana amfani da irin wannan shuka mai mahimmanci ba kawai a cikin girke-girke na mutane ba, har ma a cikin magunguna. Ana amfani da infusions, kayan ado da kayan shafawa daga dichorizandra don:
- kara fata fata;
- kwantar da tsarin endocrine;
- daidaita al'ada metabolism;
- hana bayyanar neoplasms da sclerosis na hanyoyin jini.
Wasu lokuta miyagun ƙwayoyi suna haifar da rashin lafiyan ƙwayar cuta, don haka ya kamata a faɗakar da mai ilimin tauhidi game da farawa tare da kari daga dichorizandra.
