Zygocactus kyakkyawan shuka ne. Hakanan an san shi da sunayen "Decembrist", "Schlumberger" ko "cactus Kirsimeti." Wannan wakilin dangin Cactus bashi da kashin kai guda ɗaya kuma an lullube shi da furanni. Yawancin masu girbe furanni da murna suna dasa wannan tsiron mara misaltuwa, ɗayan fewan da ke farauta a cikin hunturu. A cikin yanayin halitta, yana zaune a cikin gandun daji na Brazil, a kan kututture da kututturen itace. A gida, kula da zigocactus abu ne mai sauqi, amma bin ƙa'idodi masu sauƙi zai sa tsinke ya zama mai daɗi.
Bayanin Botanical
Zigocactus suna zaune a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da kwari a gabashin Brazil. Su tsire-tsire masu fitsari ne, saboda haka tushen tsarinsu ya kasance mara nauyi da ƙima. A cikin ƙasa, yana cikin babba yadudduka. Kambin furanni ya ƙunshi lebur, mai tushe mai laushi. A matsakaicin tsawo na 1-1.2 m, tsawon tsutsotsi na harbe zasu iya kai mita 2. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an daidaita tushen tushe kuma ya sami launin ruwan kasa.
Harbe yana kunshe da lebur, ganye mai hade da juna. Akasin sunan, babu allura ko wasu abubuwa masu kaifi a kan zygocactus. Fensir ɗin yana da kusan 5 cm, kuma kusan faɗi 2 cm 2.5. Gefen farantin ƙyallen ya kasance mai dunƙule ko jagged. Zasu iya samun ƙananan yankuna masu santsi da gajeru villi.
A lokacin furanni, furanni masu haske na tsawon cm 6 cm a ƙarshen harbe. Theya sun ƙunshi daƙoƙin kunkuntun sanduna. Launin furanni shine cream, rasberi, ruwan hoda, fari ko ja mai haske. Fulawa ya fara a tsakiyar Oktoba kuma zai ci gaba har zuwa Janairu. Kowane fure yana rayuwa kwanaki 3-5.
Sakamakon pollination, berries zagaye tare da diamita na kusan 1 cm bayyana akan zygocactus Suna da launin ja ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi-kuma suna ɗauke da ƙaramin tsaba.
Iri nau'in Zygocactus
A cikin yanayi, kawai akwai nau'ikan zygocactus 6 kawai. Dukkansu sun dace da haɓaka a gida.
Zygocactus ya narke. Harbe-raben sun ƙunshi ƙananan yankuna tare da gefuna gefuna. Saman takardar kamar an yanke. Tsawon farantin ganye shine cm 4-6, kuma faɗin shine 1.5-3.5 cm. A ƙarshen kaka, ruwan hoda, kifin kifi ko furannin rasberi suna girma akan harbe. Tsawonsu ya kai cm 6.5-8, kuma diamitarsu ba ta wuce cm 4 cm 'ya'yan itacen itace da ke da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi 1.5 cm tsayi.
Zygocactus Kautsky. Ganyen tsirrai suna kama da kama da nau'in nau'ikan da suka gabata, amma sun bambanta cikin mafi girma masu girma dabam. Tsawon sashin shine kawai 2-3.5 cm, kuma nisa shine 14-18 mm. Manyan furanni masu fure har zuwa 5 cm suna kunshe da kunkuntar, filayen fure.
Zygocactus Russeliana. Flat mai tushe ya ƙunshi siririn lobes 1-4 cm. Tun daga furanni tubular furanni har zuwa 5 cm sun bayyana akan harbe-harbe An nuna bayyane kamar fararen hular fure. 'Ya'yan itace kore ne mai launin shuɗi.
Zygocactus orssichiana.Matakai suna dauke da manyan sassan jiki har zuwa 7 cm. Manyan hakora ana gani a kansu. Haske mai ruwan hoda ko furanni na beetroot har zuwa 9 cm tsawon fure a tsakiyar Nuwamba. A cikin yanayi mai kyau, ana maimaita fure a watan Maris da Agusta.
Zygocactus opuntia. Matasan lobes suna kamanta su da sifar ɗakin kwana da gefuna da baƙi. A cikin shekaru, ganye suna zagaye kuma suna ɗaukar siffar silima. Furen furanni masu ruwan hoda ko shunayya sun kai tsawon cm 6. A cikin 'ya'yan itace zagaye masu launin furanni, 4-5 raunanan raunukan da suke kamuwa da shi suna gani.
Zygocactus microsphaerica. A cikin wannan iri-iri, har ma da ƙananan sassan matasa suna cylindrical. Tsawon su shine 1.5-4 cm kuma diamita na 2-5 mm. A ƙarshen Maris, ƙaramin furanni fararen fure a kan mai tushe. Bayan pollination, 'ya'yan itãcen oblong ripen da hakarkarinsa 5.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Roduirƙiri na gidan zygocactus na gida wanda aka samar ta hanyar dasa tushen. A cikin bazara ko farkon lokacin rani, an yanke sassan mai tushe tare da ganye 2-3. Wurin yanke yana bada shawarar zuwa tsoma shi cikin daskararrun gawayi. An yanke yankan a cikin iska tsawon kwanaki 1-3. Lokacin da aka rufe fil tare da fim ɗin bakin ciki, za a iya dasa zigocactus a cikin ƙasa. Yi amfani da kwantena tare da yashi ko yashi-peat cakuda. Ba lallai ba ne su yi ta tono a cikin sandunan. Ya isa don kafa tsaye kuma ƙirƙirar tallafi. Lokacin da Tushen ya bayyana, ana iya dasa shuki a hankali cikin kananan tukwane da ƙasa don sinadarin zigocactus.
Siffofin Juyawa
Juyawar zigocactus ba lallai ba ne koyaushe. An dasa kananan tsire-tsire a cikin shekaru 1-2, kuma tsofaffi suna buƙatar ɗaukar guda ɗaya kawai a cikin shekaru 4-5. Tukunyar zigocactus ta kasance mai fadi kuma ba zurfi ba. A cikin epiphytes, tushen tsarin yana kan farfajiya.
Soilasa don zygocactus tana cikin abubuwan da aka haɗa:
- peat mai ƙarancin ƙasa;
- kogin kogi;
- guda na kwandon kwalliya;
- gawayi;
- ƙasar turf
- takardar ƙasa.
Dole ne a shimfiɗa abu mai sulɓi na uku na tukunyar tukunya a ƙasa. Needsasa tana buƙatar ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, kuma furen bayan dasawa ba'a shayar da shi ba kwanaki da yawa.
Dokokin Kulawa
Kula da zigocactus a gida mai sauki ne, babban abu shine ƙirƙirar yanayi kusa da na halitta a gare shi. Decembrist yana son ɗakuna masu haske da tsawon sa'o'i masu haske. Daga haskoki kai tsaye na rana tsakar rana, musamman ma lokacin rani, ya fi kyau harbi harbe-harbe. Furen yana girma sosai akan windowsills na gabas ko yamma, da kuma a cikin ɗakunan kudu. Tare da rashin haske, zigocactus baya yin fure ko samar da adadi kaɗan na buds.
A ƙarshen furanni, maharbi yana buƙatar lokacin hutawa. An sanya shuka a cikin daki mai sanyi, samar da gajeren hasken rana da kuma matsakaici matsakaici. A cikin wannan halin, furen yana iya tsayayya da watanni 1-2.
Mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine + 18 ... + 22 ° C. A bu mai kyau a kula da shi tsawon shekara. A cikin hunturu, an yarda da ɗan kwantar da hankali, amma ba ƙasa da + 13 ° C ba. Don hana zafin rana mai zafi, zaku iya ɗaukar fure zuwa baranda ko kuma gonar. Yana da mahimmanci don kare zigocactus daga zayyana da sanyaya kwatsam cikin dare.
Danshi a cikin dakin da zigocactus ya girma ya kamata ya zama sama da matsakaita. Dankin yana karɓar danshi daga iska, don haka ya zama dole don fesa harbe-harbe sau da yawa ko sanya pallets tare da ɗakunan lemun kusa.
Ya kamata a shayar da Zigocactus akai-akai. Lokacin da murfin ƙura ya bushe ta hanyar 2-4 cm, an cika ƙasa da yalwa da tsarkakakken ruwan dumi. Tushen suna da matukar damuwa ga cututtukan fungal, don haka yana da mahimmanci don samar da magudanar ruwa mai kyau don cire ƙwayar wuce haddi.
Zygocactus yana buƙatar ƙananan allurai na miya. A lokacin tsawon girma da fure, takin zamani na ciyawar furanni ana amfani dashi ga wata.
Ana shawarar Zigocactus a yanka nan da nan bayan fure. Partangare na matasa harbe a gidajen abinci na lobes ya kamata a cire. Wannan na inganta shaƙatawa da yalwar fure, saboda an kafa buds a ƙarshen ƙarshen harbe.
Cutar da kwari
Zygocactus na iya fama da rashin tushe sakamakon yawan ruwa da kuma yanayin zafi. Parasites da wuya zauna a kan kambi. Lokaci-lokaci ne kawai za'a iya samun mite gizo-gizo a kai. Dalilin kai harin ya ta'allaka ne a bushe. Kwayoyin cuta (Aktara, Aktellik da sauransu) suna taimakawa wajen kawar da maganin.
