Orchid Zygopetalum wani fure ne mai ban sha'awa kuma mai ban sha'awa. Differs a motley blotch na haske m flowering.
Mafi yawan kwayar zygopetalum (Zygopetalum) yana da alaka da iyalin orchid. Yana haɗu da nau'in jinsin 15. Wannan jinsin yana wakiltar epiphytes, amma wani lokaci a wasu yanayi sun zama lithophytes ko shuke-shuke. Dukkan nau'ikan jinsin wannan za'a iya samun su a yankuna na yankuna na Amurka, amma yawancin mutane ana samun su a cikin gandun daji na Brazil.
Brief Definition
Zygopetalum (Zygopetalum) - furen nasa ne na d ¯ a asali Orchids. An dauke shi da wani abu na musamman da ake kira epiphyte da lithophyte, kuma yana da nasaba da tsire-tsire. Haihuwar furen ita ce Mexico, Brazil, Peru, wurare masu zafi na kudancin Amirka. Ruwa na al'ada - gorges dutsen, wuraren zafi mai zafi na wurare masu zafi, wurare masu dadi.
Bayanan Botanical
Kara creeping, girma tsãni. High harbe, girma zuwa 50 - 60 cm a tsawo. Adireshin yanar gizo sun takaice, har zuwa 6 cm a tsawon, m, santsi. Yi launin launi mai haske. An tsara tsarin ne dan kadan. Tsarin yanar gizo suna cikin gida daga ƙananan ganye, daga bisani sun mutu.
Ganyayyaki suna da haske, nuna, fadi, fata, mai ban sha'awa. Akwai wadata tare da ganyayyaki. Takarda takarda yana da haɗari masu tsayi. Tsuntsin gyare-gyare a madaidaiciya, har zuwa 45 - 50 cm tsawo, ya tsiro daga ƙananan ganye. Gwaran kwayoyi na tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire masu tsauri zuwa 12girma ci gaba. Furen da kansu suna da bambanci, tsinkaye. Yi launi daban-daban na kore, mai launi, mai fararen fata. Akwai launuka masu launi na petals. Labaran launi ya fito waje - babban, mai haske ko launi.
Babban furanni suna da m. Tushen mai yawa ne, m. Matakan sune fari, lokacin farin ciki, karuwa.
Tarihin
Zygopetalum Orchid - daga Girkanci - "ya haɗa", "yakuri" da "petal". Kwayoyin iri suna dauke da su iri-iri iri iri ne na kudancin Amirka. Jigon jini yaro ne, akwai nau'in 15. Dabbobin da aka haɓaka a cikin zamani na zamani suna fadi a Turai. Ra'ayin yana da sauƙi don kulawa, maras kyau, yana buƙatar yanayi kusa da yanayin yanayi na wurare masu zafi.
Menene bambanci daga wasu nau'in?
Zygopetalum mai ɗiban ya bambanta a cikin girma mai girma na stalks, yana da nau'in haɗin kai. Rhizome na rukuni yana tsiro a matakai - kowane sabon ɓangaren yana sama da tushe na tsohuwar pseudobulb. Wannan iri-iri yana da tsari na ban mamaki na furen kanta, ya nuna alamun suna girma tare a gindin tsakiyar shafi.
Daban-bambancen, ba kamar sauran orchids ba, ba zai yarda da "bushewa" na substrate ba.
Tushen tushe ba su da wani takarda mai karewa wanda zai iya riƙe dashi a cikin substrate.
Podort da hotuna
Ya kamata a lura cewa nau'o'in matasan suna daidaitawa ga yanayin gidaje.
Kyauta mafi mashahuri.
Maculatum
Nau'in yana da furanni mai girma da diamita na har zuwa 7 cm. Ƙarƙashin inflorescence ya hada har zuwa 10 - 12 furanni. Tsawon tsayi, madaidaiciya, har zuwa 45 cm. Labaran ya fararen fata, an lalace tare da ratsi mai launi masu tsummoki.
Amazonica
Furen suna fararen fata, ana nuna launi tare da ratsi mai laushi. Ganye na girma kamar fan, haske mai haske, lanceolate. Har zuwa 20 cm a tsawon. Orchid yana da turare na furanni.
Lindeniae
Furen tsire-tsire suna bambanta, siffar tauraro a siffar.. Kwayar fitila ta kai har zuwa 7 - 8 cm. Furen suna haske ne tare da ratsan launin ruwan kasa. Nauyin bambanci, launi mai launi tare da ratsi mai tsari. Ganye suna haske, nuna, haske, har zuwa 25 - 30 cm a tsawon.
Flowering
Yaushe kuma ta yaya zai tafi?
Wannan iri-iri zai iya shuka a kowane lokaci na shekara tare da ƙarin ƙarfin zuciya.
Kula da kayan aiki a gida kafin da kuma bayan
Tsvetokon a Zygopetalum ke tsiro lokacin da ba a kafa pseudobulba. A lokacin flowering sprouts tsayawa girma. Stems fara fara girma bayan flowering.
Don mika flowering orchid ya kamata a sake raguwa a cikin rabin shaded place.
A lokacin sauran lokuta, lokacin da pseudobulbs sun tsufa, dole a rage yawan zafin jiki na iska zuwa 18 - 20 ° C. Rashin iska na iska da ake bukata shine 60 - 70%. Ana rage watering.
Me za a yi idan ba a rushe?
Tare da kulawa mara kyau, peduncle bazai yi girma ba. Ƙarin ƙarfafa na flower ana buƙata. Dole a rage rageccen ruwa, rage yawan zafin jiki na iska tsakanin 3 - 4 ° C.
Bayanin kulawa a gida
Zaɓin wuri
Zygopetalum orchid yana tsiro ne kawai a cikin inuwa. Ana sanya tukunya mafi kyau a yammacin gabas ko gabas. Gilashin windows suna buƙatar shading tare da labule mai haske, musamman ma a rana. Yankin arewa yana buƙatar ƙarin haske tare da fitilu na musamman na tsawon awa 4 a rana.
Shirya shiri
Substrate ga wannan iri-iri na bukatar kayan aiki, rigar, drained.
Maganin malalewa dole ne ya haɗa da haushi da kuma yumbuɗa yumbu, ƙurar ƙura. Don adana ruwan in cikin ƙasa ƙara perlite. Ana kara vermiculite don kula da matsakaici..
Ƙasa abun da ke ciki:
- Moss - sphagnum - 1 h.
- Sodland - awa 1
- Peat - 1 awa
- Dry ganye - 1 awa
- Magana
Kwan zuma
Ga masu farauta, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tukwane na filastik don saka idanu da yanayin tushen asali da kuma mutuncin ƙasa.
Don kyau breathability, an bada shawarar yin ramukan ramuka ba kawai a kasa daga cikin tukunya, amma har tare da dukan gefen gefen akwati. Har ila yau, ana amfani da akwatunan katako, kwanduna kwanduna.
Zazzabi
Yawancin yanayin zafi don orchid zygopetalum na bukatar matsakaici. Yanayin iska na zafi yana da 24 - 25 ° C a rana kuma har zuwa 18 - 19 ° C da dare. A lokacin hunturu, ya zama dole don rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa 18 - 21 ° C a rana, da dare zuwa 16 ° C.
Don ci gaba na al'ada, ya kamata a lura da bambancin zazzabi na yau da kullum na digiri 3 zuwa 4.
Lokacin da aka kafa ruwan zafi, ana iya fitar da tukwane zuwa iska mai tsabta - don buɗe labaran daji da loggias. Tsarin yanayi na matsakaici yana ba da shuka don samun nauyin yanayi a dare da rana.
Humidity
Rashin iska na iska yana buƙatar zuwa 70 - 90%. Shirin halatta ga zygopetalum shine 60%. A cikin zafin rana, ya kamata ka fesa furen, ka wanke ganye tare da zane mai laushi. Har ila yau a kusa da tukwane ana sanya akwatunan bude tare da ruwa. Zaka iya saita tukwane a kan yumɓu mai yumɓu na yumbuɗa fadada.
A cikin yanayi na greenhouse, masu amfani da furanni na musamman da ake amfani da su a cikin iska suna amfani da su don ƙara yawan zafi.
Haskewa
Orchid zygopetalum ya fi son haske amma haskaka haske. Hasken hasken rana kai tsaye suna furen flower. Bar - alamar alamar haske. Idan spots bayyana a kan ganye, inuwa windows, cire tukwane kara daga windows. Idan ganye suna duhu - an kara haske.
Watering
Wannan iri-iri yana son danshi. A lokacin rani, watering yana da yawa, na yau da kullum. Bukatar safiya ta gari. Ana bada shawara don shirya dumi mai sau biyu a watan..
Lokacin da ruwan sha ba ya kamata ya fada a kan inflorescences kansu. Furewa sun rasa roko. A cikin hunturu, an rage gurasar. Kada ku bushe, amma kada a yarda dampness na substrate.
Bayan shawan wanka na sinus, dole ne a goge goge tare da sashi na auduga.
Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata a yi amfani da shi kawai rabu, tsabta. Zaka iya amfani da ruwan sama. An bada shawara don amfani da watering ta wurin nutsewa. An saka tukunya cikin babban akwati da ruwa na tsawon minti 15 zuwa 20. Ruwa bayan da ya kamata ya kamata a kwance gaba ɗaya, an cire shi daga kwanon rufi.
Top dressing
Duba yana buƙatar sauye-sauye, amma maganin gyare-gyare. Ana amfani da takin mai magani da phosphate da yawa. Zaka iya amfani da takalmin ruwa don musamman orchids. Don har ma da rarraba takin mai magani ma'adinai, haɗin haɗe yana haɗe da ban ruwa..
Yayin da ake ci gaba da girma, ana amfani da takin mai magani don gina gine-gine.
A lokacin rani suna furan furanni 2 p. a cikin mako guda. A cikin hunturu, yana da isasshen takin takin sauya sau ɗaya a wata.
Tashi
Tsayar da shuka ya kamata a kowace shekara 2 -3, lokacin da asalinsu suka yi yawa, tukunya ya zama karami. Dole ne dashi ya zama dole idan an cire maɓallin baya ko gurɓata ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta. Ana gudanar da tsari a cikin bazara, kafin a fara samun buds.
Tsarin dashi:
- Warkar da ƙasa a cikin tukunya.
- A hankali cire fure.
- Yana wanke tushen tsohuwar ƙasa.
- Tsohon, bushe, lalacewar matakan lalacewa an yanke.
- An cire magungunan tsirrai.
- An yi yanka da yanka tare da cututtuka, gawayi.
Muna ba ka damar kallon bidiyon akan yadda ake yin zanen Zigopetalum orchid:
Kiwo
Zygopetalum ita ce hanyar da ta dace ta kiwo kochids.. Kowane rabuwa ya kamata ya sami 2 zuwa 3 pseudobulbs lafiya.
Tsarin rhizome rabo:
- Tushen suna tsabtace daga tsofaffin ƙwayoyi, sunadarai da busassun asalinsu an yanke.
- An raba furen zuwa sassa daban-daban.
- Rabaran da aka raba sun yayyafa da kwalba, sun bushe a sararin sama.
- Seedlings suna immersed a gansakuka - sphagnum a cikin musamman kwantena don maturation.
- Watering ne na yau da kullum kafin rooting.
Cututtuka da kwari
Mafi yawan kwari na kwari na zygopetalum orchids:
- Daɗin dumi zai taimaka wajen kawar da gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Zaka iya sarrafa kwayoyin phytotherm. Ya kamata a maimaita jiyya sau biyu - sau 3 tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 10 - 12.
- Snails da slugs yawanci kai hari ga ganye na flower, barin silvery-farin burbushi. Amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi mezurol.
- Daga stagnation na ruwa da kuma matsanancin danshi, tushen da launin toka launin toka na mai tushe ya bayyana. Yana buƙatar gyare-gyare, maye gurbin substrate, magani tare da fungicide.
Don yin rigakafin rot, scarab, fungi, ana bada shawara don shafe ganye tare da raunin maganin coniferous cire: don 1 l. ruwa 20 g na kudi.
Don kyakkyawar flowering, ci gaba da ci gaban zygopetalum orchid yana buƙatar biyan sharuɗɗan kulawa masu dacewa: watering na yau da kullum, dacewar dashi, tsaiko na sama da rigakafin cututtuka da kwari.
