Tigridia wani ɓullo ne mai ɗorewa tare da kyawawan furanni. Furen ya samo sunan ne saboda canza launin launinsa a gindin furannin. Wannan tsire-tsire na yau da kullun yana fara bayyana a cikin lambunan ƙasarmu, kodayake ana bambanta shi da kyawunsa da sauƙi na kulawa. Plantungiyar ta kasance ta dangin Kasatikov. Homelandasar mahaifinsa ita ce tushen Amurkawa. Don cika lambun da sababbin launuka da ƙanshi, tabbas yakamata ku mai da hankali ga wannan fure mai kyan gani.
Bayanin Botanical
Tigridia wata ciyawa ce, fure take. Its rhizome yana da siffar corm tare da m tsarin. Alsarancin wanda ba a saba dashi ba yana da wadataccen abinci a cikin glucose da sitaci, don haka ƙarni da yawa da suka gabata ana amfani dasu don abinci tare da dankali.
Tsawon tsirrai ya kai cm 30-70. Ruwan ganye na ganye a siffar fan yana buɗe kai tsaye daga ƙasa. Fenti-mai siffa faranti mai launin farar ƙasa tare da furen ƙasa ana fentin duhu kore. A tsakiyar abu ne mai sauƙaƙe ko ingantaccen tushe mai tushe.
Lokacin fure yana farawa a watan Yuli kuma yana iya wucewa har lokacin sanyi. Furen ya kasance a buɗe har tsawon awanni 8-10 a cikin rana, bayan haka kuma ya bushe. Dogon furanni za'a iya cimma shi ne kawai a cikin dasa bishiyoyi. Kowane peduncle yana ɗaukar buds da yawa. A kwan fitila, har zuwa kafa 6 an kafa su. Corolla ya ƙunshi manyan filayen waje uku da ƙarami uku. Godiya ga wannan, furen yana ɗaukar nau'in alwatika, ƙasa da sau sau ɗaya. Duddirin corolla ya kai santimita 8-10. Gefen waje na waje yana da launuka masu launin fari, launin rawaya, ja ko ruwan hoda. A tsakiyar ɓangaren furanni ana fentin ne tare da tsaftataccen suttura.
Bayan pollination, oblong iri capsules girma. Suna ɗauke da tsaba mai kusurwa da yawa. Fatarsu mai laushi tayi launin ruwan kasa.
Shahararrun nau'ikan da iri
Kimanin nau'ikan 50 suna rajista a cikin tigridia na genus. Koyaya, a cikin ƙasarmu zuwa yanzu zaku iya haɗuwa da kaɗan daga cikinsu. Mafi mashahuri shine tigridia peacock. Dankin thermophilic yana zaune a Meziko da Guatemala. Harba girma 25-70 cm a tsawo. Tsawon tsintsin shine 6 cm kuma faɗin ya kai cm 4 A lokacin kakar, tsohuwar kwan fitila ta zama yara da yawa kuma ta bushe gaba ɗaya. Ganyayyaki xiphoid masu launin kore masu launi ne masu launuka kuma suna da girman tsawo. Dankin ya samar da harbe har 3-5, kowannensu yana ɗaukar furanni biyar. A buds bude bi da bi. Corolla tare da diamita na 10-15 cm kunshi Scarlet ko furanni masu ruwan shunayya. Gudun ruwa yana faruwa a rabin rabin lokacin bazara kuma yana ɗaukar kwanaki 15-25. Popular iri:
- Alba - tushen farin petals an rufe shi da yawa tare da jan aibobi;
Alba - Karmina - launin rawaya yana kan furannin ruwan lemo;
Carminea - Rosalind - yana da fure mai ruwan hoda;
Rosalind - Aurea - rawaya mai launin rawaya tare da kayan ginin katako a gindi.
Aurea
Tigridia tubular ne. Dankin yana zaune a yankuna na tsaunukan Meziko kuma ya fi girman girmansa. Abubuwan furannin waje suna zagaye kuma ana zanen su da ruwan hoda mai haske. Diamita na fure shine 5-7 cm.
Chess Tigridia. Dankin yana jan hankalin launuka masu launuka iri-iri. A wani ɓangaren haske na ɗimbin ƙananan dabbobi, ƙananan fawn aibobi suna yin matsewa.
Tigrisia da yawa. Itace tana da furanni masu matsakaici-girma tare da filayen burgundy. Abubuwan duhu mafi duhu a gindin. Abubuwan furannin waje suna da ƙarfi a waje.
Girma da dasawa
Yankin tigridia ana yin shi ta hanyar shuka iri ko dasa corms. Ana bada shawarar an shuka iri a kan shuki a cikin gidaje ko a gida. Tsire-tsire suna da matukar damuwa ga ƙananan yanayin zafi. Abubuwan shuka ba tare da shiri na farko ana shuka su a cikin yashi-peat cakuda da bushewa lokaci-lokaci. Otsan buɗe ido suna fitowa da aminci cikin makonni 1-3. A watan Mayu, ana shuka shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe, kuma ta kaka, albasa matasa sun isa su zuba kuma su sami ƙarfi don hunturu.
Kowace albasa na mahaifiya tana da yara da yawa a kowace kakar. A cikin bazara, tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, an haye su kuma an 'yantar da su daga ƙasa. A cikin makonni da yawa, ana adana tsire-tsire a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi har sai harbe ya bushe. Ana sanya su daga baya a cikin firiji ko wani wuri mai sanyi. A cikin bazara, lokacin da ƙasa tayi zafi zuwa + 20 ° C, ana iya dasa kwararan fitila a ƙasa buɗe. Don yin wannan, tono ramuka tare da zurfin 10-12 cm a nesa na 15-20 cm daga juna.
Don cimma farkon fure, yana yiwuwa don aiwatar da distillation. Don wannan, ana dasa kwararan fitila a cikin yanayin greenhouse a cikin ƙananan tukwane. Ilsasa ta ƙunshi abubuwan da aka haɗa:
- ƙasar turf
- peat;
- yashi.
A cikin makonni na farko, da kwararan fitila bukatar yalwatacce hawa ruwa. Lokacin da tushen yazo rayuwa kuma harbe suka bayyana, ana shayar da tsire-tsire kamar yadda ya cancanta.
Zaɓi wani wuri don tigridia
Tigridia ba a kulawa da shi, amma lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa yana da muhimmanci a zaɓi madaidaiciyar wurin da ita. Furen yana son wuraren rana. Ko da tare da haske m inuwa, mai mai tushe fara bakin ciki, ko da yake mai yawa da haske fure ya ci gaba.
Yana da mahimmanci a zabi wani yanki na lambun inda babu kwarzana da iska na iska mai sanyi. Don hana samfurori masu tsayi tsinkaye, zaku iya buƙatar tallafi ko garter.
Soilasa don tigridia ya kamata ya zama mai sauƙi mara sauƙi da abinci mai gina jiki. Ruwa da iska ya kamata su ratsa ta ƙasa cikin yardar rai. Ya kamata a ƙara karamin lemun tsami a ƙasa don gonar fure. Ilsasassun yumɓu masu nauyi suna hade da sawun, yashi da ƙananan pebbles. A cikin lokacin yana da amfani don kwance saman Layer na duniya sau da yawa.
Siffofin Kulawa
Dukkanin kula da tigridia sun gangaro zuwa shayarwa, takin zamani da kuma weeding na zamani. Saboda ƙasa ba ta bushewa har ta kasance haske, bayan dasa, an bada shawarar yin ciyawa da ita a ganye ko humus ɗin ganye.
Don al'ada na al'ada na tigridia, yawan shayarwa yana da mahimmanci. A cikin busasshen yanayi, ƙasa tana danshi yau da kullun, kuma ana fesa sauran ganye. Ya kamata a kawo ruwa a wadatacce mai yawa don jiƙa asalin sa. Yana da mahimmanci a ƙyale yalwar ruwa ya shiga cikin ƙasa;
Idan an dasa kwararan fitila a cikin ƙasa mai dausayi ko pre-hadi, takin ƙasa lokacin bazara ba lallai bane. A kan kasa mara kyau, takin mai magani zai amfana. Lokacin farko ana amfani da maganin ma'adinai a wata daya bayan dasa kwararan fitila. Ana yin suturar miya ta biyu a lokacin bud'ewa. Yana da amfani don fesa wani ɓangare na mafita akan ganye.
Bayan duk furanni a kan kara sun bushe, yakamata a goge shi. Wannan zai kara jan hankalin daji da bada damar kananan kananan corms su yi huda don lokacin hunturu mai zuwa. Ana shawarar tsire-tsire na Tall don ƙirƙirar goyon baya don kada suyi kwanciya.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Idan ba'a kula da kwararan fitila yadda yakamata ba kuma adana shi, tigridia na iya wahala daga ƙwayar cuta, amai, ƙwayar fata, ko ƙwayar mosa. Don hana ci gaban cututtuka, ya zama dole don aiwatar da rigakafin dukkanin sassan shuka tare da magungunan antifungal. Duk samfuran da aka shafa yakamata a ware su daga waɗanda suke lafiya kuma a hallaka su.
Harbe da kwararan fitila na tigridia sau da yawa suna fama da hare-hare ta bear, thrips da slugs. An bada shawara don ɗaukar kwararan fitila kafin dasa shuki da aiwatar da abubuwan hana rigakafin ƙwayoyin kwari.
Amfani
Tigridia suna da ban sha'awa a cikin dasa rukuni, to, fure zai daɗe kuma yalwatacce. Kuna iya yin haɗuwa iri iri na tigridia don samun lambun fure mai launuka masu launuka masu yawa. Ana amfani da tsire-tsire don yin kwalliyar dutsen, wuraren hada ruwa ko manyan bankunan tafki. Tigridia yana da kyau a cikin unguwa tare da conifers, kazalika da phlox, thyme, dutse-dutse da arabis. Amma kusa da sauran tsire-tsire mai haske, yana rasa roko.
