Hippeastrum fure ne mai ɗanɗanar fure na dangin Amaryllis. Ana iya samunsa a cikin tsaunukan Yammacin Amurka, kuma wani lokacin Afirka Ta Kudu. Babban darajar shuka shine manyan furanni masu haske. Sun yi kama da bouquet mai ƙayatarwa, amma cimma burin hippeastrum na fure ba koyaushe yake da sauƙi ba. Don jin daɗin kyawawan furanni zuwa cikakke, kuna buƙatar sanin wasu asirin kulawa.
Bayanin Shuka
Ran tsinke na hippeastrum shine kwan fitila mai zagaye tare da diamita na 5-10 cm. Furen fure mai launin Belt ya kai tsawon 50-70 cm, kuma faɗin yana da faɗin cm 4-5. Ganyen suna girma a cikin jirgin sama ɗaya a matsayin fan kuma an haɗa su gaba da juna. Wani lokaci ana ganin launin ja-ruwa akan faranti, sun dace da launin furanni.
Lokacin fure yana cikin watanni hunturu. Dogon furanni mai tsawon 35-80 cm daga tsakiyar tsintsiya Daga saman sa an yi masa kambin furanni biyu zuwa shida. Furen da ke daurewa na tono mai kwalliya yayi kama da Lily. Petals fari ne, ruwan hoda, lemo ko murjani. A ƙanshi a lokacin fure ba ya wuce hippeastrum. Zurfin diamita na ramin fure yana da ikon isa 25 cm, kuma tsawonta shine cm 13 Kowane toho yana da filayen fulogi 6 a cikin layuka 2. Fuskokinsu suna da ƙarfi a waje.
Bayan fure, akwatin iri mai tricuspid ya tsiro a kan tushe. Yayinda yake tsufa, yakan fara bushewa kuma yana buɗewa kansa. A ciki akwai tsaba masu lebur mai yawa. Hippeastrum tsaba na dogon lokaci riƙe high germination.
Iri Hippeastrum
Hippeastrum yana da bambancin jinsin iri. Kimanin manyan nau'ikan tsire-tsire 80 suna rajista. Godiya ga masu shayarwa, an kara nau'ikan girke girke sama da 2,000 ga wannan adadin. Babban bambanci shine siffar da launi na furanni. Mafi yadu fadar mai tsegumi. An rarrabe shi ta manyan furanni masu launin shuɗi akan farfajiyar furanni mai launi.
Hippeastrum ja halin kasancewar kunkuntar ratsi na launin kore a kan ruwan hoda ko ja.
Hippeastrum sarauta girma 30-50 cm a tsayi. Furanninta masu launuka masu haske da fure mai kama suna kama da manyan tauraro.
Hippeastrum shine columnar. Dankin yana da ƙanƙancin ƙawancin furanni na manyan furanni 6-8. Tubelar funnels ana fentin su a cikin launi na kifin tare da kunkuntar launin ruwan hoda-ruwan hoda.
Hippeastrum teyucuarense. Ganyayyaki tare da wata koren fure da wani yanki mai haske mai haske mai ruwan hoda suna da canji kuma an rufe su da tsarin raga. Asalin kore yana kama da tauraro.
Fulawa gidan Lily
Tunda furen kwatancen kwalliya yana da kyau sosai, masu siyar da fure suna zuwa duk dabaru don sha'awar shi koyaushe. Samfurorun samari suna samar da ciyawar fure a shekara, kuma karin tsirrai na iya yin hakan sau biyu a shekara. Kafin dasa shuki, kwan fitila za a iya zuga shi don samar da shinge. An yayyafa shi a cikin ruwan dumi (har zuwa 45 ° C) na awanni 1-2. Daga nan sai a dasa kuma a bar tukunyar a wani wuri mai haske da dumin ɗumi. Watatuwa kwatankwacin kafa har sai ganye ya bayyana sosai. Bayan makonni 2-3, inflorescence tare da buds da yawa zasu yi girma.
Idan hippeastrum bai yi fure mai tsawo ba, kana buƙatar takin ta a mafi yawan lokacin girma. Tare da farkon kaka, suna ba da lokacin hutawa. Za a canja tukunya da kwan fitila zuwa wuri mai sanyaya kuma a daina shayar da ƙasa har zuwa Janairu. Sannan a hankali ruwa ya sake dawowa ya mayar da tukunyar a daki mai dumi, mai haske. A cikin wata daya, shuka zai yi farin ciki da matasa buds.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Roduwayar Hanya Hanya ana samar da ita ne ta ƙwaya da kuma hanyoyin tsirrai. Don samun tsaba da kanka, kuna buƙatar fitar da furanni tare da buroshi. Bayan an sanya akwatin iri, sai ya girma a cikin watanni 2. Kafin dasa shuki, an sa tsaba a cikin wani rauni bayani na boric acid. Ana iya shuka su a cikin rigar nama ko a cakuda yashi-peat. Za a sanya tukunya na seedlings a cikin ɗakin mai haske. Harbe yana bayyana a cikin kwanaki 15-20. Lokacin da kwatancen girma ya girma ganye 2 na gaske, an daukeshi cikin kananan tukwane daban. Shekaru biyu, ana yin shuka ba tare da wani lokaci mai kauri ba, tare da matsakaicin shayarwa da taki.
Kowane albasa babba lokaci-lokaci yana kwato yara da yawa (kananan albasa a kaikaice). Bayan 'yan watanni daga baya, saiwoyin' yanci sun bayyana a jaririn Hippeastrum kuma ana iya rabuwa. A lokacin juyawa, an dasa furanni a kaikaice kuma a dasa su cikin tukwane daban.
Idan yara ba su yi dogon lokaci ba, zaku iya raba kwan fitila da kanta. Sun haƙa shi gaba ɗaya suka sake shi daga ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci kada a lalata tushen asalin. An yanka albasa a tsaye zuwa sassa da yawa (har zuwa 8). Kowane tsage dole ne ya sami tushen sa. Ana yanyanka yanki a cikin gawayi da aka bushe aka bushe kadan. Saukowa ne da za'ayi a cikin m peat-Turf ƙasa tare da Bugu da kari yashi. Yana da mahimmanci don kula da yawan zafin jiki na + 23 ... + 25 ° C da kyakkyawar fitila. Bayan 'yan makonni, ganyen farko zai bayyana.
Shuka dasa
Hippeastrum yana karɓar abinci mai mahimmanci daga ƙasa, don haka har ma ana shuka tsire-tsire manya a cikin shekaru 1-2. Agusta ko Disamba ya dace da wannan hanyar. Tukunyar tukunya ya kasance kusa da ita, to, inji zai fito da furanni ba da daɗewa ba. Soilasa don dasa shuki ya ƙunshi abubuwan da aka haɗa:
- ƙasar turf
- ganye humus;
- peat;
- kogin yashi.
Suna ƙoƙarin cire tsohuwar ƙasar. Lokacin dasawa, yana da mahimmanci don barin kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na tsawo daga kwan fitila sama da ƙasa.
Kulawar Gida
Kulawa na yau da kullun ga hippeastrum a gida baya buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa. Itace na buƙatar haske mai haske mai dadewa. Kudu maso gabas ko kudu maso taga sill aka fi son. Arian bambancin da ke sauke ganye lokacin dormancy ana canza su zuwa wuri mai duhu.
Yanayin iska a cikin dakin ya kamata ya zama matsakaici: + 18 ... + 23 ° C. A cikin hunturu, ana iya rage zuwa + 11 ... + 14 ° C. Don lokacin rani an ba shi izinin sanya shuka a kan titi, amma zaɓi wuri mai natsuwa ba tare da zane-zane ba. Kwatsam sanyi safiya da daddare shima ba'a sonshi.
Hum zafi ba babban abu bane. Ana iya wanke ganye a lokaci-lokaci daga ƙura a ƙarƙashin ɗakin dumi ko shafe tare da zane mai laushi. A kaikafa furen ba lallai bane.
Ruwan kwalliyar hippeastrum a bazara yana farawa a hankali. Har sai ganye da kibiya suka haɓaka, zai fi kyau a zuba ɗan ruwa a cikin kwanon. A lokacin rani, ana buƙatar yawan shayarwa, wanda a hankali an rage shi kawai daga Oktoba. Ta hanyar hunturu, hippeastrum gushewa da ruwa. Needsasar tana buƙatar ta ɗan jika ɗanɗana kowane watanni 1-1.5, amma kada ruwa ya shigo da kwan fitila.
Hippeastrum ana hadi dashi tare da bayyanar kibiya fure lokacin da tsayinsa ya kai cm 15. Zaka iya yin takin zamani na tsiron furanni na cikin gida. Ana narke cikin ruwa ana zuba shi a ƙasa sau biyu a wata har ƙarshen watan Agusta.
Cutar da kwari
Hippeastrum yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal. Idan tabo mai laushi ya bayyana a kan kwan fitila, to, kumbura tayi girma. Lokacin da girman plaque yayi ƙarami, zaka iya ƙoƙarin ajiye tsiron. An yankan babban hankalin ga lafiyar nama. Ana magance wannan yanki tare da tushentazole da carbon mai kunnawa. Kwan fitila ya bushe a cikin iska tsawon kwanaki 5-6, bayan wannan an watsa shi cikin ƙasa mai kyau.
Hippeastrum za a iya kai hari ta hanyar gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, aphids, kwari kwari, da mealybugs. Yakamata a tattara kwari, kuma kambi da ƙasa yakamata a kula dasu.
