Ratibida babban tsire-tsire ne wanda ke da ƙyalli da yawa, wanda aka kira shi da hat ɗin Mexico ko Sombrero. Kudaden Arewacin Amurka daga Mexico zuwa Kanada ana daukar su kasarta ne, amma kuma tana da tushe sosai a yanayin mu. Abunda aka fi so daga ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwayoyi da carduelis zai yi ado da lambun tare da launuka masu haske kuma cika shi da ƙanshin musamman.
Bayanin
Itace tsararraki yana da ɗaya ko kuma madaidaiciya mai tushe mai tsayi zuwa 120 cm tsayi. Tushen sandar mai ƙarfi suna da ikon fitar da danshi daga zurfin ƙasa, saboda tsire-tsire suna zaune a wurare masu faɗi da rashin ƙarfi. A cikin daji, ana iya same shi a kan ɓatattun wurare, tuddai na gefen titi, ko kan tsaunin.
Ganye yana launin toka-kore, mashin, ya kasu kashi-kashi. Tsawon faranti na ganye ya tashi daga 3 zuwa cm 12. Furanni akan tsawon mai tushe sun buɗe a tsakiyar watan Yuli da kuma lambu mai daɗi har zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Furen yana da furucin da aka ambata a cikin nau'i na silinda ko mazugi 2-3 cm tsayi A cikin ƙananan sashin, an haɗa murfin ta hanyar rataye mai laushi mai laushi mai siffar madauwari 1-3 cm tsayi.Da yanayin, zaka iya nemo tsire-tsire masu launin rawaya ko rawaya, har da launuka masu hade.
Iri daban-daban
Akwai manyan nau'ikan ratibida guda biyu:
- columnar;
- cirrus.
Ratibida Colony
Ya bambanta a cikin manyan furanni har zuwa 8 cm a diamita tare da ƙididdige sanarwa a cikin nau'i na shafi. Tushen yana cike da furanni masu yawa waɗanda ke da furanni masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka lalace kamar yadda tsaba suka girma kuma suka girma. Burgundy, rawaya, lemo mai tsami wani lokacin suna da iyakar rawaya. Sau da yawa blooms ne kawai a shekara ta biyu bayan shuka tsaba. A watan Oktoba, a cikin kowane fure, kwalin tare da kyawawan alamun tsaba yayi girma. The mai tushe ne woody mike, girma karamin daji daga tushe guda.
Cirrus Ratibida
Yana da tsari na musamman na faranti ganye. Suna lanceolate ko cirrus, mai ƙarfi mai elongated. Ganyayyaki suna fitar da ƙanshin anise lokacin da aka shafa. Reed petals, nuna, fentin rawaya. Babban abu ba shi da elongated, zagaye.
Kiwo
Wannan perennial za a iya yaduwa ta hanyar cuttings ko shuka tsaba. Ba ya girma har tsawon lokaci, kawai shekaru 4-5. An yi sa'a, shuka yana ba da yalwar shuka, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga sabunta kai.
Lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar tsaba, ana shuka shuka don shuka a farkon watan Fabrairu, saboda ratibida na iya yin fure a ƙarshen wannan bazara. Ana tattara tsaba a ƙarshen Oktoba ko Nuwamba, lokacin da akwatunan mazugi suka bushe gaba ɗaya kuma suka juya launin ruwan kasa.
Kafin shuka, ana adana tsaba na tsawon wata guda a yanayin sanyi (+ 5 ... + 7 ° C), wato, ana aiwatar da yanayin sanyi. Sannan ana shuka su a cikin murfin bushewa tare da tsayayyen acidity kuma an sanya su a kan taga silled mai haske a cikin zafin jiki na + 20-25 ° C. Don hana danshi daga bushewa, rufe tukwane ko akwatin tare da fim.
Bayan makonni 2, harbe mai farawa ya bayyana, wanda ya nutse har zuwa cikin kwantena daban tare da bayyanar ganye na gaskiya guda biyu. Ana canja jigunan seedlings zuwa wuri mai sanyi ko greenhouse na kwanaki 10-15 kafin farkon zafi mai ɗorewa. A tsakiyar watan Mayu, ana shuka ratibida a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, yana riƙe da tazara tsakanin tsire-tsire na 20-25 cm.
A cikin wurare masu zafi, zaku iya shuka ratibida nan da nan a buɗe. Suna yin wannan a farkon, a kudu - a ƙarshen Fabrairu, kuma zuwa arewa - a watan Maris. An fara haɓaka ƙasa da kyau. A nesa na 30 cm, an yi ƙaramin tsagi, zurfin cm 2 Yayin da germin yake, ana fitar da seedlings a wuraren musamman.
Kuna iya yaduwar shuka har zuwa shekaru 2-3 ta rarrabe daji, amma wannan tsari yana da wahala saboda nau'in sanda na tsarin tushen.
Kula da Adult
Ratibida ya fi son tsaka tsaki ko ƙasan alkaline. Loam ko ƙasa mai yumbu tare da lemun tsami da aka kara sun dace sosai dashi. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don samar da shuka tare da magudanar ruwa mai kyau kuma a guji tsauraran ruwa. A cikin lambun, an zaɓi wuraren rana ko ƙaramin inuwa domin ita. Shuka tayi haƙuri da fari da sanyi sosai, don haka ruwa ya zama dole ne kawai cikin yanayin zafi, yanayin bushe. Don hunturu, Tushen ba sa buƙatar tsari, kuma ana iya shuka tsaba har a ƙasa mai sanyi.
Ratibida ba a fassara shi kuma baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, an ba shi da kyau tare da saka miya. Tare da wuce haddi na takin mai magani, makiyaya na ganye da raguwar fure mai yiwuwa ne. Tana karɓar dukkanin abubuwanda suke buƙata daga zurfin ƙasa saboda godiya ga cigaban rhizome.
Itatuwa yayi girma da sauri, mai tushe mai wuya bayan shekaru 4-5 rasa kamshinsu. Don sabuntar da bushes, yi amfani da sabon seedlings ko mafi sau da yawa raba da kuma dasa.
Amfani
Ratibida yayi kyau sosai tare da wasu tsire-tsire na fure. Ana iya amfani dashi a rabatki, babban fure, adon shinge da adon gine-ginen da ba a kulawa da su. A lokacin furanni, yana jan hankalin kwari. Furanni a kan dogaye masu tushe sun dace da abubuwan tari da bushewa. Yanke furanni zasu tsaya a cikin kayan ado na kwanaki 7-10.
