Leucanthemum ganye ne mai yanɗuwa daga dangin Astrov. Babban ƙarancin inflorescences ɗin nasu suna kama da ɗakunan talakawan talakawa. Ba abin mamaki ba mutane sau da yawa suna kiransa "daisy lambu." Sunan hukuma na leucanthemum shine leucantemum. Inflorescences suna ba wa lambun fure fure mai kyau na dabi'a kuma saita kashe wasu kyawawan furanni. A lokaci guda, ba a rasa nyvyanik kwata-kwata gabaɗaya daga kan gaba ɗaya ba. Yawancin nau'ikan kayan ado suna da kyau sosai cewa suna iya solo kuma ana amfani dasu a cikin tsire-tsire iri ɗaya. Fan tudu na ƙasa shine Kudancin Turai, inda take da mallakar filaye da ciyayi. A al'ada, da shuka nuna unpretentiously, da sauri siffofin yada flowering sods kuma cika gonar da m ƙanshi.
Bayanin Shuka
Leucanthemum asalin halittar tsararraki ne na shuke-shuke da na shekara-shekara na shekara-shekara. Madaidaiciya, ɗan ƙaramin tushe mai tushe 30-100 cm tsayi an rufe shi da ganye mai haske. Takaddun ganye na Oblong ko obovate tare da petiole elongated girma na gaba. Zasu iya samun farantin ganye na daɗaɗɗe ko keɓe tare da gefuna da aka yanke.
A ƙarshen Yuni, inflorescences-kwanduna 6-12 cm a diamita fure a kan mai tushe.Wasu sunshi doguwar dusar ƙanƙara da farin rawaya. A gefuna an furanni ne na fure mai launin fari ko launin shuɗi, kuma ana wakiltar cibiyar da ƙananan furanni rawaya mai haske. Leucanthemum inflorescences na iya zama mai sauƙi, rabin-biyu da terry, mai kama da duniyar dusar ƙanƙara.
Wasu tsirrai suna yin fure sau biyu a shekara. A karo na farko - a ƙarshen bazara. Da kuma - a ƙarshen bazara. Bayan pollination, akwatinan da aka shuka iri-iri sun girma tare da kambi mai gefe ɗaya a saman. A cikin 1 g na kayan ƙwaya akwai raka'a 650. Seedsanan ƙaramin oblong riƙe germination har zuwa shekaru 3.
Nau'in Leucanthemum
Halin halittar Leucanthemum yana da nau'ikan tsirrai 70, amma kaɗan ne kawai ake amfani da su a cikin lambun gida.
Leucanthemum vulgaris (makiyaya na chamomile). Itatacciyar fassara, dusar-jurewa da shuka mai jure yanayin fari 60-80 cm mai tsayi tana narkar da sauƙaƙan inflorescences-kwanduna har zuwa cm 8. Manya, ganye mai laushi tare da gefuna masu ɓoye suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashinsu. Iri:
- Maxim Koenig - mai tushe game da 1 m babban ƙarshen tare da manyan kwanduna mai sauƙi tare da diamita har zuwa 12 cm;
- Mayu Sarauniya - iri-iri mara girma (har zuwa 50 cm) tare da furanni biyu;
- Jagora - fitila mai tsayi har zuwa cm 60 a tsayi an yi musu ado da furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara tare da ƙwallan zinare.
Leucanthemum shine mafi girma. Itataccen tsiro na 50-100 cm mai tsayi yana ciyar da sararin sama, yaduwar tsiro. Ganyen lanceolate marasa ganye da geffy gefuna ana fentin duhu kore. A farkon lokacin bazara, kwanduna tare da diamita na har zuwa 12 cm na tsari mai sauƙi ko hadaddun buɗe. Har zuwa lokacin faduwar, sabbin fure da furanni sun bayyana. Iri:
- Alaska wata shuka ce mai yin sanyi da ke da kwanduna mai sauƙi kusan 10 cm a diamita;
- Uwargidan Snow - mai tsayi shekara-shekara tare da inflorescences har zuwa 17 cm a diamita, wanda ya ƙunshi filayen fure da maɓallin katako;
- Wirral m - manyan terlo inflorescences fure a kan harbe har zuwa 80 cm high;
- Prinan Gimbiya - dwarf iri-iri 20-30 cm babba tare da furanni masu sauƙi;
- Gimbiya na Azurfa - Gwanaye har zuwa 40 cm high an rufe su da kyawawan ganye kore duhu tare da m mai haske, kuma an kawata fiɗa da kwanduna masu sauƙi tare da diamita har zuwa 6 cm;
- Wutar Lantarki aan itace ce mai matsakaici tare da kwanduna masu sauƙi da ƙananan filayen rawaya.
Leucanthemum yana da ban mamaki. Balagagge mai haɓaka ya kai mita 1 a tsayi. Strongashi mai ƙarfi, mai kafaƙƙun tushe ya rufe ƙasa tare da manyan lanceolate ko ganye mai siffar ƙwai har zuwa tsawon cm 30. A watan Yuli-Agusta, kwanduna masu sauƙi-kwanduna tare da diamita na 8-10 cm buɗe. Kyau mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa shine matasan Fiona Goghill. Kyawawan kwanduna na fure suna fure akan mai tushe har zuwa 75 cm tsayi. Takaitattun alamu da sifofi iri-iri ana gajarta su zuwa cibiyar, ana saka su a wani farin launi mai mau kirim. Har ila yau, cibiyar tana laushi kuma tana da lemun tsami mai ruwan lemo.
Noma
Ana shuka ƙwayoyin Leucanthemum nan da nan a cikin ƙasa bude ko don seedlings. Amfanin gona ana shuka su ne a ƙarshen kaka ko Afrilu. A saboda wannan, an shirya rijiyoyin m a nesa na 20 cm daga juna. Zurfin dasa shuki ya kusan cm 2. Nan da nan bayan an shuka, an shayar da ƙasa sosai. Harbe yana bayyana makonni 2-3 bayan narkewa. Da farko, suna haɓaka a hankali. A cikin shekarar farko, da nyvnyak na rayayye yana ƙara yawan tushen da ganye, kuma ya fara farawa daga shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa. Ana shuka tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin gadaje na fure tare da nisan 30 cm.
Idan kun shuka seedlings a gaba, akwai damar ganin furanni a farkon shekarar. A watan Fabrairu, ana shuka tsaba a cikin kaset ko akwatina tare da yashi peat zuwa zurfin 1 cm. Ana shayar da ƙasa kuma an rufe ta da fim. Ya kamata a adana kwandunan a cikin haske na yanayi da zazzabi na + 22 ° C. A kowace rana ana iska da fesa. Otsan buɗe ido suna bayyana bayan kwanaki 15-20, bayan haka an cire tsari kuma ana canja tsire-tsire zuwa ɗakin da ke cike da haske tare da zazzabi na + 17 ... + 20 ° C. Tare da isowar ganye na gaskiya guda uku, suna yin tara da tukwane daban. Tuni a wannan matakin, kasar gona ta gauraye da humus humidu. A tsakiyar watan Mayu, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa a buɗe.
Kayan lambu na yaduwa
Duk tsawon lokacin bazara, za'a iya yanka Leucanthemum. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da tushen tushen tare da cikakken takaddun ganye da ƙananan rhizome. An yanke su da kaifi mai kaifi kuma nan da nan aka dasa su a cikin rami da aka shirya. Bayan dasa, ana shayar da ƙasa sosai.
Kowane shekaru 3-5 na nyvyanik yana haifar da sods mai yawa kuma yana fara rasa sakamako mai ado. Don sake sabuntawa, an rarraba bushes zuwa sassa. Ana yin saɓani a lokacin bazara ko farkon faɗuwa, a ƙarshen fure. An gama kare daji gaba daya, an 'yantar da shi daga mafi yawan ƙasar kuma an watse cikin ƙaramin delenki, waɗanda aka dasa a cikin ƙasan sabo tare da nesa na 30 cm.
Kula da tsiro
A cikin ƙasa mai budewa, leucanthemum yana nuna halayen unpretentiously. Kodayake, don samun dunƙule na fure mai yalwar itace, ya zama dole kuyi ƙoƙari. An zaɓi wani wuri don lambun furen a cikin rana ta buɗe ko a ɗan shadu. Tare da isasshen hasken wuta, adadin furanni yana ragu sosai, kuma mai tushe na manyan nau'in suna lanƙwasa.
Soilasa don dasa yakamata ta kasance mai ma'ana da haske, amma ba bushe ba. A kan yashi da clayey kasa, da novyanik ke tsiro da talauci. Bai kuma yi haƙuri da ƙasa mai acidic ba. Cikakken chernozems masu dacewa ko ƙuƙwalwa tare da tsaka tsaki ko ɗanɗanar acidic. Kafin dasawa, sun tono ƙasa, suna yin takin, peat da humus.
Leucanthemum yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun, amma ba tare da tsayayyen ruwa ba. A lokacin fari, ganyayyaki za su yi hanzari, don haka suna zubo bulo na ruwa ƙarƙashin kowane daji. Saboda ƙasa ba ta bushewa da sauri, ana amfani da farfajiya tare da ɗanɗano, katako, itace, ko kuma allurar Pine. Lokaci-lokaci, ya zama dole a sako ƙasa kusa da gonar fure. Wannan ba wai kawai inganta haɓakar iska zuwa tushen ba, har ma yana kawar da ciyayi.
Sau biyu a wata, ana ciyar da nyvnyak, mai sauƙin ma'adinai da abubuwan haɗin kwayoyin. Kuna iya amfani da nitrofoska, mullein bayani ko wasu hadaddun don tsire-tsire na fure.
Kamar yadda inflorescences bushe, idan babu bukatar tsaba, suna yanke. Wannan yana ƙarfafa maimaita fure kuma yana hana asarar ƙarfi daga shuka. A cikin kaka, bayan an gama fure, an girka mai tushe kuma ana rage foalage na gas kawai. Don hunturu, tsire-tsire suna mulched tare da peat. Bugu da ƙari, an rufe su da ganyayyaki da suka fadi da kuma tsiro har zuwa tsayin 15 cm. A farkon bazara, an cire matsuguni don kada tsire-tsire su yi kama.
Leucanthemum na iya fama da cututtukan fungal saboda cututtukan fungal (fusarium, rot, tsatsa, ganyen ganye, mildew). Wani lokacin yakan shafi kansar ƙwayar cuta. Daga cututtuka suna taimakawa yayyafa da toka da spraying tare da "cakuda Bordeaux". Kwayoyin cutar ba ta da wahala. Lokaci daga lokaci zuwa lokaci zaka iya ganin thrips ko masu hakar gyada.
Bar cikin zane mai faɗi
Kama da kyau a cikin saukowa rukuni. Ganyayyaki mai laushi, wanda aka rufe da fararen furanni, yayi kama da matashin kai mai dimbin yawa tare da dusar kankara. Manyan ciyawa suna yin daidai lokacin da ake yanka. Ana amfani dasu don yin bouquets waɗanda zasu tsaya a cikin kayan ado na kwanaki 7-10. A cikin lambun fure mai hade, ana haɗa nyvyanik tare da delphinium, alkama da shuɗi. Za'a iya amfani da nau'in dwarf don yin ado a kan iyaka ko tsauni mai tsayi.
