Orchis shine ciyawar perennial tare da kayan inflorescences na ado da yawa da kaddarorin magani. Sakamakon fa'idarsa, an lalata orchis shekaru da yawa kuma yanzu an jera shi a cikin littafin Red a matsayin tsirrai masu haɗari. Girma shi a cikin lambun ka, ba wai kawai zaka iya wadatar da gonar fure ba ne, amma ita ce ka kula da kiyayewar tsirarrun kwari. Orchis yana da sunaye da yawa waɗanda suka shahara, a cikinsu "yaren kare", "core", "notch", "cuckoo hawaye", "orchid daji". An rarraba shi a sashi mai zafi a cikin ɗaukacin arewacin hemisphere. A shuka fi son mai sanyi sauyin yanayi, shi ke tsiro a cikin arziki m kasa na gefuna daga gandun daji da gumi foothills.
Bayanin Shuka
Orchis shine herbaceous perennial daga dangin Orchidaceae. An ciyar da shi ta hanyar rhizomes tare da aka haɗa su, ƙwai na oblong, waɗanda ake yawanci idan aka kwatanta su da ƙwayar maza. Ganyen mai tushe 10-5 cm tsayi a gindi yana ɓoye ta hanyar ganye. Ganyayyaki masu yalwa ko sarari-lanceolate suna zaune a kan shoot. Ganyayyaki na sama suna da ƙananan petioles. Wani lokaci akwai ƙananan duhu duhu a gindin farantin ganye na zaitun-kore.
A watan Afrilu-Agusta, kara yana tsawaita kuma ya juya ya zama kullun mai sauƙi tare da ƙyalli mai fasalin fasalin 7-9 cm tsayi .. painan ƙananan furanni orchid-ana fentin su a cikin lilac ruwan hoda ko launi ceri. An samo kwalkwali daga babba petals, ƙananan ƙananan suna samar da lebuna uku mai laushi tare da ruɗa. An rufe tushen lebe da dige masu duhu. Furanni suna fitar da ƙanshin ƙanshin kwalliya mai ƙyalli tare da bayanan vanilla da zuma. Keɓaɓɓen fure na fure har tsawon kwanaki 7-10 har sai kwari suka gurbata shi. Nan da nan bayan pollen ya huda kwai, sai fure suka bushe. Ba da da ewa, bushe iri bunches tare da kadan duhu tsaba ripen.
Jinsunan Orchis
Yawan nau'in orchis yana da girma babba. A yau, botanists sun danganta fiye da nau'in tsirrai 60 na wannan halittar. Wasu nau'ikan kwanan nan sun yi ƙaura zuwa asalin halittar Neot Guinea da Anacamptis na gida ɗaya.
Orchis namiji. Herbaceous perennial tare da haɗin oblong guda biyu na girma yana girma 20-50 cm a tsayi. An rufe tushe daga tushe mai launin shuɗi. Ya ƙunshi ganyayyaki mai ɗimbin yawa-lanceolate wanda ɗanɗana a hankali tare da jijiyar a tsaye. Ganyen yana da tsawon 7-14 cm kuma kamu 1.5-3.5 cm Gangaren kore yana lullube da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko duhu mai duhu kusa da gindin. Tsarin sifa mai fasali mai fasalin 6-18 cm tsayi yana kunshe da 15-50 buds. M furanni masu kima kadan ne, sun kunshi yatsun baki mai yalwa tare da ruwan wukake guda uku, amintaccen haske da karamin kwalkwali. Furanni suna fure a watan Afrilu-Mayu.
An gano Orchis. Wannan nau'in ne wanda ya shahara tsakanin lambu saboda yawan kayan adonsu. Shuka tana da tsinke-tsintsiya mai rarrafe. Harbe tare da tsayi na 15-60 cm suna da faɗi sosai, madaidaiciya. A kasan, suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin ƙasa mai duhu mai duhu. An kawata saman tarko tare da daskararre mai tsayi da gajeren wando mai haske mai launin shuɗi ko launi na Lilac. An rufe leɓun leɓar uku mai cike da duhu duhu. Guda iri ɗaya suna nan a cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren ganyayyaki. Inflorescences Bloom a ƙarshen Mayu.
Birai Orchis. Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu ɗimbin girma 20-25 cm.Da ganye na ganye na ganye na 4-6 m-lanceolate ganye tare da zagaye mai zagaye yana samarwa sama da ƙasa. Inflorescence yayi kama da ɗan gajeren goga mai ƙanshi tare da ƙanshin zuma. Besarshen lebs na lebe suna da fadi sosai, layin layi. Yankin tsakiya yana da dadewa, saboda haka, a sama lebe yayi kama da jikin karamin biri, wanda jinsin su ya samu suna.
Kwalkwalin Orchis (kwalkwali-kamar). Itace mai tsayi daga 20-60 cm yana da ganye mai haske na fure mai haske. Tsawon farantin farantin da ke ƙasa ya zama cm 8-18, kuma faɗin nisansa ya kai cm 2.5. A watan Mayu-Yuni, fure mai tsayi 5-8 cm tsayi Yana da siffar dala. Yankakken bakin, mai bakin ciki yana watsa shi cikin lobes uku. Kwalkwali daga manyan ƙananan ƙananan ya fi girma.
Orchis yana da shunayya. Itace tana da girma. Tsarin 40-70 cm tsayi yana da sashin layi na madauwari kuma ya girma zuwa mm 12 mm. A gindinsa, 3-6 kefa a fili, ganye mai lanceolate mai fadi tare da nuna gefen girma. A watan Mayu-Yuni, tsayi mai tsawon 5-20 cm ke tsiro.Ya ƙunshi furanni masu yawa masu kamshi. Lebe mai ruwan hoda, lebe mai ɓoye ya bambanta tare da kwalkwali mai ruwan hoda-shuɗi ko ruwan hoda-mai haske.
Kiwo
Yawancin nau'in orchis ana shuka su ta hanyar tsaba. A cikin sharadi gwargwado, inji yana bayar da yalwar seeding. Koyaya, tsaba zasu iya shuka kawai idan namomin kaza na musamman suna cikin ƙasa. Sau da yawa idan aka yi shuka a gida, ana ɗaukar ƙasa daga inda ciyawar daji ke tsiro a cikin ciyawar. Ana iya shuka tsaba a duk shekara. Suna ƙoƙarin rarraba a ko'ina cikin akwati tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki mai narkewa. Akwatin an rufe shi da fim kuma a sanya shi cikin wuri mai cike da hasken wuta tare da zazzabi na + 18 ... + 24 ° C. Harbe yana fitowa a hankali ba tare da daidaituwa ba. Kan aiwatar da shuka yana ɗaukar watanni 1-3.
Lokacin da seedlings girma ganye da yawa, ana dasa su a hankali a cikin tukwane dabam. Domin kada ya lalata tushen, ana dasa kowane tsire-tsire tare da babban dunƙule na ƙasa. Har zuwa bazara, ana shuka shuki a cikin yanayin greenhouse; a cikin watan Afrilu-Mayu, ana aiwatar da harden a ranakun kwana mai zafi. Orchis ana shuka shi ne a ƙasa a buɗe kawai a ƙarshen Mayu, lokacin sanyi zai ƙetare. Nisa tsakanin seedlings ya zama 10-15 cm.
Mafi sauki shine haifuwa na fure orchis. A cikin kaka, lokacin da ƙasa na shuka ke lalacewa, an yanke shi. Tubers an haƙa sama kuma a hankali rabu. Ana shuka su nan da nan cikin sabon ramuka. A lokaci guda, wani ɓangare na ƙasar daga tsohon wuri dole ne a motsa shi tare da tarin fuka.
Abin sha’awa, tubersan itacen suna girma kamar yadda suke ware, don haka ana iya aiwatar da wannan hanyar yaduwa a lokacin bazara. Karo na farko da aka keɓance tarin ƙwayar halittar lokacin da ganye suka bayyana. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a kiyaye kada a lalata kara da rhizome. Bayan haka, ana maimaita rabuwa duk kwanaki 25-30. Sakamakon tarin fuka an dasa shi a wani sabon wuri. Blooming bai cancanci jira ba. A tsakanin shekaru 3-5, ana samar da ganyen ganye kawai da tsiro-tsiro. Bayan wannan kawai, tare da kulawa da kyau, farawa yake farawa.
Kulawar Orchis
Orchids suna da tsayayya da yanayi, amma suna iya fama da ƙarin maƙwabta na fure mai ƙarfi. Don haɓakar su, mycorrhiza (symbiosis tare da namomin kaza na musamman a cikin ƙasa) ya zama dole. Dasa tsiro shine mafi alheri a cikin inuwa m. Inda rana mai haske safe da yamma, kuma a tsakar rana akwai shadda.
A kasar gona ya zama isasshen danshi, amma ba fadama. Shouldasa ta zama ƙasa mai acidic, tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ƙasa mai acidic tare da babban abun ciki na lemun tsami da abubuwan gina jiki sun fi dacewa. A cikin matsanancin fari tare da rashin isasshen ruwa, orchis na iya shiga cikin rashin himma. A shuka na rayayye girma da kuma blooms a cikin bazara, sa'an nan kuma tana farkawa a cikin fall. Kuna buƙatar shayar da shi akai-akai domin ƙasa ba ta bushe sosai.
Zai fi kyau ciyar da tsirrai tare da kayan adon gargajiya (takin, yankakkun allura). Suna yin ciyayi a ƙasa sau biyu a shekara, a damuna da damuna, zuwa tsawo na cm cm 5. Ba a son yin amfani da gidaje masu hakar ma'adinai, kamar ciyawar sabo. Za su haɓaka haɓakar ganye, amma ba mayi ya faru ba.
A cikin kaka, gabaɗayan ɓangarorin iskoki na orchis sun mutu. Kawai tubers tare da wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki ya kasance a cikin ƙasa. Za'a iya yanke ciyawar ƙasa da zaran ya fara canza launin rawaya. Kada a jira har sai sun bushe sosai. Pruning zai zama abin ƙarfafawa don cutar ta shiga cikin rashin isasshen gashi.
Orchis yana dacewa sosai don hunturu. A tsakiyar Rasha, baya buƙatar ƙarin mafaka. Babban haɗari mafi girma a gare shi ba sanyi bane, amma ambaliyar ƙasa. Saboda sa, tubersan tayoyin na iya jujjewa.
Kodayake tsire-tsire suna cikin dangin Orchid mai taushi, ba sa tsoron cututtuka. Orchis baya wahala daga rot da mold, kwayayen kwai basa kaiwa shuka. Kadai karin kwari ne slugs. Zaka iya kare kanka daga garesu tare da taimakon toka, busasshen ciyawar ko ciyawa. Wadannan kayan suna warwatse a ƙasa kusa da lambun fure. Jiki jikin na parasites ya lalace lokacin da ake kokarin shawo kan shingen.
Magungunan magani da contraindications
Ana amfani da Orchis a matsayin magani a cikin maganin jama'a. Ganyenta (sayayya) da furanni sun ƙunshi yawan adadin gamsai, mai mai mahimmanci, furotin, hadaddun carbohydrates, glycosides da gwal ma'adinai. Daga furanni da aka shirya da tushen, mucous decoctions, jelly madara, tinctures barasa da infusions man an yi.
Kudaden da aka karɓa suna taimakawa wajen kawar da waɗannan cututtukan:
- tari
- kumburi daga maƙogwaro;
- zawo
- barasa maye;
- amai
- cystitis
- kumburi da appendages.
Magunguna na Orthisan sun shahara sosai tsakanin maza. Ana kula dasu tare da rikicewar jima'i, prostatitis, adenoma, rashin ƙarfi na namiji.
Zai yiwu a yi amfani da shirye-shirye tare da orchis har ma ga yara. Ba su da maganin hana haihuwa. Abin sani kawai kuna buƙatar yin hankali lokacin da kuka fara ɗaukar mutane da yanayin halayen rashin lafiyan. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a adana kayayyakin abinci masu kyau. Idan aka fara kirkira ko kumburi a ciki, shirye shiryen maganin ba ya karɓuwa.
Amfani da lambun
Da wuya ana shuka Orchis a cikin gadajen fure mai hade. Sun fi kyau a cikin shuka ƙungiyoyin solo a tsakiyar wata ciyawa, mashin na ƙarfe ko kusa da conifers da ferns. Wani lokacin za'a iya samun ciyayi na daji a cikin tsaunin tuddai. Tare da shi, zaka iya ƙara iri-iri zuwa kusurwar daji na lambun fure ko lambun monochrome.
