Astilba wani tsiro ne na herbaceous tare da mamaki mai kyau, shaggy-like inflorescences. Zasu kai sulusin tsayuwar tsirran gaba ɗaya kuma suka samar da manyan farin dusar ƙanƙara, da shunayya ko ruwan hoda. A shuka nasa ne a gidan Saxifragidae. A dabi'a, ana iya samo shi a kan ƙasa mai laushi, ƙasa mai laushi, a ƙarƙashin kambi na gandun daji mai tsayi ko kuma gefen wani rafi a cikin Arewacin Amurka da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Yana jure yanayin hunturu da dusar sanyi har zuwa -37 ° C; saboda haka, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin tsawan yanayi da yankuna masu sanyi don yin ado da lambuna da wuraren shakatawa.
Bayyanar
Astilba wata itaciya ce mai tsinkaye tare da kafaffun furanni. Dangane da nau'in halitta, tsayinsa shine 8-200 cm. Tushen huhun ciki zai iya girma sosai kusa ko yada nesa cikin kauri na ƙasa. A cikin kaka, dukkan tsiran ƙasa suna mutu, sabon tsiro kuma a bazara ya fito daga maki girma a kan rhizome. Astilbe yana ƙoƙarin ƙara tsawo na huhun rhizome, don haka a hankali an kafa babban tarko a wurin saukowa.
Yawancin ganye suna mai da hankali sosai a cikin kayan kwalliya na basal, amma da yawa ƙanana da duka ganyayyaki suna girma a kan harba kanta. Dogon ganye mai tsalle-tsalle-tsalle mai launin fenti mai launin kore. Wani lokacin akwai alamun farin ruwa akan farfajiya. A cikin manyan nau'in, ganye da furanni suna da matte surface. Za'a iya fassara sunan kamar "babu haske." Kowane sashi na takardar yana da siffar oval tare da gefuna sassaka. Kwayoyin cutar hoto na fili suke a bayyane akan takarda.
Lokacin furanni yana farawa a watan Yuni-Yuli kuma zai ɗauki makonni 2-3 (wani lokacin wata ɗaya). A wannan lokacin, babban abin murɗa ko burushi yana girma a saman tushe. An dirka da yawa tare da furanni kaɗan. Tsawon lokacin inflorescence shine 10-60 cm Corollas na madaidaicin tsari ya kunshi fure ne mai tsayi da gajere tare da kwai. Canza furanni na iya zama murjani, fari, Lilac ko ja. M ƙanshi mai daɗi mai ban sha'awa ta shimfiɗa a kusa da astilbe na fure.
Seedananan iri na bunches tare da ƙaramin duhu launin shuɗi tsaba ripen a maimakon furanni fure.
Iri da nau'ikan astilbe
A cikin halittar Astilba, ana yin rijista da nau'ikan nau'ikan tsiro 25. Kimanin 10 daga cikinsu suna cikin al'ada. Tun da wannan tsire-tsire na ornamental yana da mashahuri sosai a tsakanin lambu, yawan nau'in ya wuce raka'a 200.
Astilbe Arends (A. Arendsii). Dankin yana da girma, tsintsiya mai tsayi har zuwa tsayi 1. Ya yi sauri yana ɗaukar siffar mai siffar mai siffar maraƙi ko pyramidal kuma an rufe shi da duhu mai duhu-shuɗewar fure. Farkon fure yana faruwa ne a tsakiyar watan Yuli, yana wuce kwanaki 40. A wannan lokacin, dogon tsere na fure mai fure tare da dusar ƙanƙara-fari, ja, Lilac ko ruwan hoda masu ruwan hoda suna tashi a saman firan. Saboda gajeriyar kararraki, inflorescence alama mafi m da m. Da yawa daga gajerun rassa, wanda kuma aka zana shi da fure, ya tashi daga babban tushe. Iri:
- Amethyst - a kan daji mai tsayi har zuwa 1 m high, lush lilac panicles Bloom sama da kore foliage;
- Lollipop - shuka har zuwa 50 cm tsayi tare da burgundy kore m ganye fure blooms duhu murjani furanni furanni;
- Bumalda - wani daji mai zurfi na 40-60 cm yana rufe da launin shuɗi-kore kuma yana rushe farin inflorescences tare da iyakar rasberi a kan furannin;
- Gloria Weiss - mai tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire tare da diamita of 1 m tare da duhu kore m ganye blooms a farin ko haske cream lush inflorescences;
- Amurka - mai tushe har zuwa 70 cm babba tare da ya sassaka ganye mai haske ganye a watan Yuli an rufe shi da furanni masu launin shuɗi;
- Lu'u-lu'u (fararen astilbe) - ganye mai launin kore mai haske a kan mai tushe har zuwa 70 cm tsayi an kashe shi ta hanyar fararen fulogi 14-20 cm tsayi.
Astilba na kasar Sin (A. chinensis). Itace mai rauni mai rauni ya kai tsayin 50-110 cm. shootsashinta na madaidaiciya a gindin an rufe shi da ganyayyaki mafi girma, kuma ganyayen ɓoyayyun suna karami. Ganyayyaki masu duhu duhu suna da kayan ƙarfe. A kan firam na pyramidal inflorescences 30-35 cm tsayi .. Ana ɗaukar launin shuɗi ko shunayya. Iri:
- Haske a ja - mai tushe 40-50 cm tsayi an rufe shi da ganye mai ganye, kuma a saman akwai ruwan duhu na rasberi mai duhu;
- Purkurts - ciyayi na pyramidal har zuwa 1 m girma yana girma tsawon lokaci, mai kama da kyandir-ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.
Astilba Thunberg (A. thunbergii). Itace mai matukar ornamental ta zama siririn siririn daji har yakai tsawon cm 80. A gindin kara kuma duk tsawonta, jigged mai tsawo-kore mai launin kore mai haske mai girma. Openwork tsere inflorescences girma har zuwa 20 cm tsayi da kusan 10 cm fadi a tsakiyar Yuli.Raussendefer iri-iri ne sanannen sanannun tare da dogon bangarori da aka makala a ƙarƙashin nauyinsu, ana zanen su a murhun haske mai murhun murfi.
Astilba Jafananci (A. japonica). Karamin tsire-tsire ba ya ƙare cm 80 a tsayi .. An rufe shi da ƙananan duhu kore ganye. Ana hango wani abin ado na azurfa a saman daskararren su. Inflorescences-panicles na farin ko ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi gabanin sauran kuma ya kasance na ado ko da bayan bushewa. Montgomery iri-iri ne kawai tsiro 50-60 cm ba tsawo. A samansa an yi wa ado da launuka masu haske mai haske.
Ganyen Astilbe (A. simplicifolia). Hannun fure na duhu kore ganye 20-50 cm tsayi an yi musu ado da tsayi, mai kauri tare da kunkuntar, kyandir-kamar inflorescences. A ƙarƙashin nauyin furanni, harbe suna lanƙwasa kyakkyawa. Ana bambanta Aphrodite ta kyawawan furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Astilba ya bazu ta hanyar shuka iri, rarraba daji da fure. Don shuka, ana amfani da tsaba da aka tattara a cikin shekarar da ta gabata. A watan Maris, ana binne su da mm 5-7 a cikin yashi da ƙasan peat, sannan kuma an rufe su da filayen dusar ƙanƙara don daidaitawa. Sannan tukwane, an rufe su da fim, a saka a cikin firiji don wani sati 2-3. Sannan tukunyar ta koma dakin dumi (kamar + 20 ° C). Harbe yana bayyana a cikin kwanaki 7-10. Da farko suna da bakin ciki da rauni, saboda haka kuna buƙatar shayar da ƙasa a hankali. Kuna iya fesa farfajiya daga bindiga mai feshin kuma ƙara ruwa kadan a cikin kwanon rufi. Lingsalingsan itace tare da ganyayyaki 2-3 suna nitsar a cikin tukwane na peat, wanda aka dasa su daga baya.
Rarraba daji an dauki mafi sauki kuma hanya mafi inganci don yaduwar astilbe, musamman tunda bai kamata astilbe ya girma sama da shekaru 5-7 ba tare da dasawa ba, to, tsiron yayi kauri sosai kuma yana samar da tsauni mai tsayi. Zai fi kyau a yi magudi a tsakiyar bazara. Na farko, wani daji mai babban dunƙule na duniya an haƙa shi gaba ɗaya, an girgiza ƙasa kuma Tushin an sake shi. Amfani da kaifi mai kaifi, ana yanke harbe-harben ƙasa saboda aƙalla maki girma 4 ya rage akan kowace rarrabuwa. An rarraba saplings a cikin ramuka na dasa sabo tare da nesa na 30 cm kuma a shayar a hankali.
Sake haifuwa da kodan ya bada sakamako mai kyau. An rabu da su a farkon bazara, har sai da harbe-harbe matasa suka fara girma. Yana da Dole a yanke koda tare da diddige daga rhizome. Sanya sassan da aka yayyafa da baƙin gawayi. Ana dasa furannin cikin tukwane tare da cakuda peat da tsakuwa. Nan ba da jimawa ba matasa matasa za su fito. Yayinda suke haɓaka, za'a iya cire tsari. Watering ne da za'ayi tare da taka tsantsan. A cikin kaka ko kuma bazara mai zuwa, ana shuka tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin wurin dindindin.
Dokokin saukarwa
A cikin lambun don astilbe, yana da kyau a zabi wurare masu ɗan inuwa kaɗan. Yankin arewa na shinge ko bango na kowane gini, inuwa bishiyoyi zasuyi. Da kyau, idan kusa da farfajiya na ruwan karkashin kasa zai kwanta, wanda ya ciyar da tushen da danshi. Hakanan zaka iya sa alamar astilbe kusa da tafki. Ya kamata ƙasa ta kasance cikin tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ɗanɗano acid.
Kafin dasa shuki, an lalatar da ƙasa sosai, an yanke manyan dunkule kuma ana cire Tushen bushe. Don yin kasar gona more gina jiki, sa peat da rotted taki. Ana sa ramuka masu saukarwa zuwa zurfin cm 30 zuwa nesa daga 30-50 cm daga juna. Ana zubar da takin gargajiya da ma'adinai a ƙasan kowannensu. Abubuwan haɓaka girma a kan tushen an sa su 4-5 cm zurfi fiye da matakin ƙasa. Yayinda yake girma kuma yana haɓaka, rhizome yakan tashi kaɗan kuma dole ne a yayyafa shi da shi. Bayan dasa, an haɗa ƙasa, sannan kuma a mulched tare da humus ko peat tare da Layer na 3-5 cm a kauri.
Kula da tsiro
Astilba tsire-tsire ne wanda ba mai ɗaukar hoto ba. Idan an zaɓi wurin da isasshen Inuwa da gumi, inji ba zai haifar da matsala ba. Kulawa na asali yana saukowa zuwa ruwa na yau da kullun. Tun da furanni a cikin yanayi suna girma a cikin gandun daji mara nauyi, lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe, ganye ya bushe da sauri, kuma inflorescences ya fara bushewa. A farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da aka samar da fure fure, ana yin shayarwa har zuwa sau biyu a rana. Karku fesa dazuka domin ta saukad da ruwa rana ba ta ƙone ganyen.
Mulching zai taimaka don adana danshi, kuma yana kare kanany da yawa masu haushi. Lokaci zuwa lokaci har yanzu dole ne a kakkafa shinge na babban tauraron astilbe domin sanya su zama cikin kyakkyawan yanayi. Wannan ya kamata a yi shi da taka tsan-tsan don kada ya lalata asalin sa.
A tsakiyar bazara, an dasa flowerbed tare da abun ma'adinin tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen. Zai haɓaka ci gaban greenery. A watan Yuni, an fi dacewa da kayan miya a ƙasa, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga fure mai yawa.
Bayan an gama furanni, an bar goge masu launuka masu yawa akan shuka na ɗan lokaci, tunda suna da matukar kyau. Daga baya an datse su. Itatuwa masu launin kore zasu gamsar da kyawun su na dogon lokaci. A tsakiyar kaka, suma zasu fara bushewa, sannan dukkan harbe har zuwa kasa an yanke su kuma su bushe ciyayi da ganye. Zai kare Tushen daga sanyi. Shuke-shuke da aka dasa a cikin damina kawai ana rufe su da rassan spruce.
Astilba yana da kyakkyawan rigakafi da juriya ga cututtukan fata. Daga cikin kwari, da pennies da nematodes pester fure. Idan zaka iya kawar da pennies ta hanyar fesawa tare da kwari ("Confidor", "Aktara"), to kuwa tsummokaran kujerun da suke rayuwa a cikin tsirran ba za a iya ɗaukar su ba. Don kawar da su, dole ne a datsa ko cire tsire-tsire masu cutar tare da asalinsu. A matsayin gwargwadon rigakafin, fusawa da harbe da kuma bunkasa gona tare da Fitoverm yana taimakawa.
Astilba a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi
Astilba ya dace da ƙiraren ƙira. An dasa shi cikin rukuni ko akan nau'in kintinkiri tare da kan iyakoki, kusa da tsirrai na bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi, kuma a matsayin ƙananan bene a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi masu rarrafe. Yawancin tabarau na inflorescences da tsirrai na shuka suna ba ka damar ƙirƙirar abun saiti mai haske a cikin sasanninta na inuwa. A cikin wurare masu duhu, ana bada shawara don haɗaka astilbe tare da fern, hosta ko iris, wanda zai haifar da ƙarin inuwa kuma ya hana Tushen yin zafi.
Iberis, leotard, doronicum, saxifrages, clematis, stonecrops galibi ana shuka su ne kusa da astilbe. Lush da haske inflorescences, wanda ke riƙe da kyawun su ko da bayan bushewa, masu amfani da fulawa sukan yi amfani da su don shirya bouquets masu rai da bushewa.
