Kowane mai lambu, dasa shuki kabeji akan mãkircinsa, yake haskaka cewa daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka zai yanka mai ƙarfi, mara nauyi, shugabannin kabeji. Amma ba koyaushe ba, rashin alheri, waɗannan shirye-shiryen an ƙaddara su cika. Yana faruwa da cewa kabeji, da sauran cruciferous, ba zato ba tsammani dakatar da girma, juya rawaya, wither. Yana yiwuwa cewa dalilin wannan cuta ce mai haɗari wanda ake kira keel. Idan ta zauna a cikin lambun ku, to, ba tare da matakan sarrafawa mai mahimmanci ba, za'a iya manta da amfanin gona mai kyau.
Kila akan kabeji: bayanin cutar da alamun bayyana
Kila yana daya daga cikin cututtukan fungal na yau da kullun. Ba wai kawai kabeji yana tsoron shi ba, har ma duk danginsa na kusa. A kan tushen ƙwayar mara lafiya, jelly-kamar thickenings da haɓaka girma.
Girma na rayuwa wanda ke bayyana akan asalin alama ce ta keel
Da farko, neoplasms ba su bambanta da launi daga tushe mai lafiya ba, amma sannu a hankali sun lalace kuma a ƙarshen ƙarshen akwai manyan lambobi a cikin ƙasa waɗanda suke riƙe da rayuwarsu na shekaru biyar zuwa shida. The pathogen ji musamman kyau a kan nauyi da kuma acidic kasa, wanda ba su da kyau a cikin kwayoyin halitta, potassium, alli da abubuwa alama kamar zinc, boron da chlorine.
Kamuwa da cuta kuma na iya dagewa akan sharan bayan girbi da ciyawa, sabili da haka, tare da ƙarancin tuhuma game da kasancewar ƙwayar cuta, ana bada shawarar ƙone su.
Duk wani shuka daga dangin kabeji, wanda aka dasa akan rukunin kamuwa da cuta, yana tsokanar haɓakar tsiro. The pathogen rinjayar tushen hairs, da marasa lafiya daji hasarar da dangantaka da ƙasa, saboda haka yana da sauƙi cire daga ƙasa.
A cikin tsire-tsire manya, keel yana haifar da ƙarancin ci gaban girma
Abubuwa masu Hadarin
Mafi sau da yawa, keel yana zuwa shafin ta hanyar sayan shuka. Yana da matukar wahala a gano alamun cutar a kan karamin seedling. Yana iya kama da ƙarfi da lafiya. Idan, a hankali kayi bincike game da tushen sa, zaka sami aƙalla wasu abubuwa masu kauri, sannan ka watsar da irin wannan tsiron ba tare da yin nadama ba: yafi sauƙi a samo sabbin thana seedlingsan seedlings fiye da fallasa shafin yanar gizon ka da haɗarin kamuwa da wannan cuta mai haɗari.
Seedlings shafi keel mafi sau da yawa mutu. A cikin tsiron mara lafiya mara lafiya, launuka mai haske mai launin shuɗi na ganye sun bayyana da farko, sannan sai su juya launin rawaya da shuɗi. A wannan yanayin, ba za ku iya dogara ga amfanin gona ba. A cikin fararen kabeji, alal misali, idan shugaban kabeji ya girma, zai zama ƙarami da nakasa.
Kabeji, wanda aka kafa keel a farkon matakan, a matsayin mai mulkin, baya haifar da kawuna
Idan kabeji ya kamu da cutar a matakin seedling, to wannan za'a iya tabbatar da wannan alamar ta gaba: haɓaka za a mai da hankali akan babban tushe. Idan an samo neoplasms a kan tushen gewaye, ƙasa ta zama tushen kamuwa da cuta.
Farin kabeji, da farkon nau'in farin kabeji, da kuma irin mutanen Dutch masu yawa, ana cutar musamman.
Kamuwa da cuta na iya shiga cikin ƙasa ba kawai ta hanyar kamuwa da seedlings. Sauran dalilai masu tsinkaye sune:
- babban acidity na ƙasa;
- kwanciya a cikin tsirar takin tsiro na tsire-tsire na tsiron mara lafiya.
- gabatarwar sabo taki;
- matsanancin ciyawar ƙasa ba tare da loosening ba. A kan kasa mai nauyi, ɓawon burodi da sauri, wanda ke hana iska isa ga tushen ƙwayar;
- juyawa amfanin gona.
Cigaba da Kee
Duk wata cuta, gami da keel, tana da sauƙin hanawa fiye da magani. Don hana shigowa da yaduwar wakili na keel, ya zama dole a tsaurara matakan kiyaye matakan kariya daga wannan cuta mai hatsari da wahala:
- zaɓi don dasa shuki iri dake tsayayya da keel;
- tsananin lura da jujjuyawar albarkatu a kan shafin. Kabeji na iya dawo da asalin sa ba da wuri ba sai bayan shekaru 5-6. A cikin wannan tazara, ana bada shawara don dasa tsutsotsi tare da kayan lambu daga solanaceous, haze ko Lilac;
- kowane 5 shekaru zuwa liming ƙasa. Idan ƙasa akan shafin yana da haɗuwa ga acidification, gabatarwar lemun tsami ko garin dolomite na iya zama mafi yawan lokuta. Adadin aikace-aikacen lemun tsami a cikin ƙasa ya dogara da abin da ya ƙunsa kuma ya bambanta daga 100-150 g don ƙasa mai yashi zuwa 300 g don pegs bogs da ƙasa mai nauyi;
- sanya takin, takin gargajiya a cikin nauyin 10 kilogiram na mita ɗaya a cikin ƙasa. Kwayoyin halitta suna inganta abinci mai kyau da tsarin ƙasa. Ciyar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da maganin peat humate shima yana ba da sakamako mai kyau. Ku ciyar da ita aƙalla sau 4 a kowace kakar;
- shuka siderat tsire-tsire. Ganyen hunturu yana da tasiri a wannan batun. Sowingaukar ta tana da fa'ida a amfanin haihuwa, yana taimakawa haɓakar ƙasa;
Rye ba zai ba da mafaka ga cututtukan kwari da kwari na kayan lambu da ke ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ƙasa da tarkace na shuka ba, don haka rage lambobin su
- tsananin tsayar da ayyukan gona don kula da amfanin gona: ciyawa mai dacewa, ruwa a kai a kai da kuma ciyar da kabeji yadda yakamata.
- Hanyar mahimmanci shine loosening da hilling na plantings, musamman bayan shayarwa da manyan miya. Wannan yana tayar da haɓaka asalin tushen a kaikaice, yana taimakawa ƙara haɓakar tsirrai ga cututtuka da yawa, gami da keel.
Shuka lafiya
Ba a watsa keel ta hanyar zuriya ba. Amma mabuɗin don nasarar cinikin kabeji ba tare da keel ba shine lafiya da ƙarfi da ƙarfi wanda zai iya tsayayya da cututtukan fungal. Don samun sa, ya wajaba don aiwatar da zuriya iri-iri, wanda zai iya haɗa da hanyoyin nan masu zuwa:
- zafi magani. Don wannan, ana adana tsaba kabeji na minti 20 a cikin ruwa mai zafi (+ digiri 48-50). Yana da mahimmanci a lura da tsarin zafin jiki da kuma hana overheating na tsaba (daga wannan za su iya rasa germination). Jiyya tare da ruwa a zazzabi mara ƙanƙani ba zai ba da tasiri sosai. Kuna iya ajiye adadin zazzabi da ake buƙata a cikin thermos ko a cikin kwantena tare da ruwa mai yawa;
- tsayayya da tsaba na tsawon awanni 6 cikin maganin 1.5% na mustard foda;
- bi da tsaba tare da mai haɓaka girma (alal misali, Ecogel) bisa ga umarnin. Wannan hanya ba kawai zata iya yin haɓaka da kuzari ba, har ma ya karfafa rigakafin kabeji;
- na 16 hours jiƙa da tsaba a cikin wani bayani da ascorbic acid (0.1 g da 1 lita na ruwa). A cewar masu lambu, bayan irin wannan magani, ƙwayar kabeji suna girma squat, mai ƙarfi, suna da tushen sa mai ƙarfi.
Bayan aiwatar da waɗannan hanyoyin, an wanke tsaba kuma an bushe.
Kafin dasawa, ana bincika tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a hankali kuma an ƙi su.
Magunguna na keel lokacin dasa kabeji
Kyakkyawan matakan kariya daga keel shine lura da shuki da gabatarwar wasu abubuwa masu amfani a cikin ƙasa lokacin dasa shuki kabeji:
- Kwanaki 5-6 kafin dasawa, yana da amfani don kula da ƙasa tare da cakuda sulfate jan karfe (300 g) da quicklime (300 g), diluted a cikin 8 l na ruwa;
- kula da tushen seedlings na tsawon awanni 2 a cikin maganin Fitosporin;
- aara dintsi na ash a cikin shirye rami rami;
- yana da amfani ɗan foda a gado tare da dasa shuki na kabeji tare da toka ko yan gawayi;
Ash ash ne mai kyau prophylactic da tasiri potash saman miya.
- Kuna iya ƙara madara lemun tsami a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka.
Don shirye-shiryen madara na lemun tsami a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, 1 kopin lemun tsami an bred kuma ana shayar da kabeji a cikin farashin 0.5 lita ga kowane seedling
Matakan don magance kabeji na keel
Aƙalla shuka ɗaya da ta kamu da keel ya kamata ya shiga cikin lambun, kuma cutar za ta bazu cikin sauri. Idan kun sami wata ƙwayar da ba ta da lafiya a kan kari, to, akwai damar da za a iya kamuwa da cutar kuma ku share ƙasa daga sauri. Don yin wannan, yi waɗannan masu biyowa:
- Cire tsire-tsire da aka shafa daga gonar, bushe da ƙone. Kuma tabbatar da ƙonewa a kan takardar ƙarfe, bayan zuba shuka da abun mai ƙonewa, misali, man gas. Tsarin wuta yakamata ya zama mai haske da hayaki. Tare da hayaki mai saurin ɗaukar wuta mai ƙarewa, ƙwayar cuta ta pathogen na iya watsawa ko'ina cikin shafin;
- zaɓi wani kayan aiki dabam don aiki akan gado mai cutar;
- kamuwa da cuta na iya yaduwa ta cikin ƙasa akan takalma, don haka kada ku tafi ko'ina cikin rukunin yanar gizon har sai kun gama tattara tsire-tsire waɗanda abin ya shafa. Wanke takalma sosai bayan aiki;
- tsabtace gadaje masu tsabta, cire ciyayi a cikin lokaci, musamman daga dangi mai giciye.
Idan aka samo samfuran tsire-tsire masu rarrabe a kan gado mai kabeji, ƙwararrun lambu sun ba da shawara su lalata su, tare da cire ɓangaren ƙasa daga gadaje daga ramuka inda tsire-tsire ya shafa, da zube ƙasa sosai tare da mafita mai ƙarfi na potassiumgangan.
Hanyoyin da ke sama suna da tasiri sosai akan kunkuntar dogaye tare da manyan wurare tsakanin su. A wannan yanayin, ƙasa mai tsabta da kamuwa da cuta ba ta gauraya ba, kuma matakan ƙirar ƙasa za su fi tasiri. Don yanayi da yawa, ba a ba da shawarar shuka kabeji da wasu albarkatu masu saurin kamuwa da cutar ba akan gado mai matsala. Bai kamata a yi wannan ba a cikin ƙauyen, tunda za a iya kwashe filayen naman gwari, matattakala da sauran kwayoyin a kusa da ɗan nesa, a yaɗu da ruwan sama ko kuma ban ruwa.
Lokacin amfani da hanyar kunkuntun ridges a gonar, an bar wani fili mai yawa a tsakanin su, wanda za'a iya sanye shi da kayan aikin katako
Idan babu tsire-tsire masu watsa shirye-shirye kusa da pathogen, yawan viysts mai raguwa yana raguwa akan lokaci.
Sauran kayan lambu za su yi nasara cikin nasara a kan kamuwa da cuta. Ya kamata a guji dasa shuki daga tushen shuka, tunda lokacin da aka girbe su, za a iya yada ƙasa mai ɓarna zuwa wasu mahaukata. Ya fi dacewa a yi girma ganyayyaki ko ganyayyaki masu ba da 'ya'ya. Irin waɗannan keɓe masu ciwo wajibi ne, amma tare da taimakonsa ba shi yiwuwa a kawar da keel a shafin.
Kasar gona jiyya
Idan yaduwar cutar a kan yanar gizon ya sami siffofi masu yawa, to lallai ya zama dole a kula da ƙasa. Daya daga cikin ingantattun hanyoyin magance keel yana dogara ne da iyawar wasu tsire-tsire ba wai kawai a tsai da cutar ba, amma don haifar da hanzarin mutuwar cututtukan. Wadannan tsire-tsire masu warkarwa sun hada da:
- dankali
- Tumatir
- albasa;
- hunturu da tafarnuwar bazara;
- beets;
- alayyafo
Tumatir da dankali sun sami damar tsarkake ƙasa na spores na keel a cikin shekaru uku, albasa da tafarnuwa, kazalika da kayan lambu na tari tari a cikin biyu. An gauraye tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire masu zuwa. Misali, 'yan tumatir guda biyu - tafarnuwa bazara na iya lalata abubuwanda kebul a cikin lokaci daya.
Kee spore gwajin
Kafin dawo da kabeji ko danginsa zuwa gonar, ana bada shawara don gwada ƙasa don kamuwa da cuta. A saboda wannan, ana shuka kabeji mai saurin girma a kan shafin kuma an dasa tsire-tsire a hankali a hankali kuma a bincika a hankali, daga lokacin bayyanar waɗannan ganye har zuwa samuwar kabeji.
Idan ba ku sami kowane haɓaka ba da beads na tushen Peking, to, matakan da aka ɗauka suna da tasiri kuma sun ba da sakamako mai kyau. In ba haka ba, dole ne a ci gaba da tsarin namo ƙananan gadaje masu matsala na tsire-tsire masu zuwa.
Bidiyo: keel akan kabeji - hanyoyin magance naman gwari
Lamarin lambu
Cokali cokali na soda a cikin kowace rijiya kafin dasa shuki kabeji magani ne mai kyau ga keel, kamar yadda mahaifiyata koyaushe take yi.
irina201019//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/12329/page-47
Colloidal sulfur, akwatunan wasa 2 a kowace lita 10, yin ruwa lokacin dasa, ko dan kadan bushe a cikin rami. ,Ari, ingantattun nau'ikan hybrids Holan Dutch, na nau'ikanmu - Losinoostrovskaya8 da Taininskaya.
Motar sufuri//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/12329/page-47
Shuka marigolds, alayyafo, calendula a yanzu. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna lalata ƙasa sosai. Nawa lokaci yayi girma, nawa ne ya bar shi. Shekarar ta gaba, lokacin dasa shuki kabeji a cikin kowace rijiya, saka cokali na kayan zaki na alli nitrate, ɗauka don haɗa kadan tare da ƙasa da shuka kabeji. Lokacin da ya fara ɗaure kai, zaka iya sake sake zubar da sinadarin alli guda a ƙarƙashin tushe. Shi ke nan.
glata//dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t38392.html
Don rigakafin keel, ana shayar da kabeji seedlings tare da madara lemun tsami kwanaki 2 zuwa 3 kafin dasawa (80 g na lemun tsami ta 1 lita na ruwa).
Nevada//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=685
Tabbatar madadin dasa kabeji, ana ba da shawarar shuka kabeji bayan dankali, tumatir, cucumbers, wake, Peas da mayar da kabeji zuwa ainihin wurin shuka bayan shekaru 5-6. Lokacin dasa shuki kabeji, ƙasa daga keel akan kabeji an shayar da shi tare da launin toka colloidal ko Cumulus DF (30-40 g a lita 10 na ruwa) ko SP - 40-45 g a lita 10 na ruwa.
Nevada//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=544
Kulawa da taka tsantsan taka tsantsan, ka kare amfanin gona daga bayyanar da yaduwar cutar kabeji mai hadari - keel.
