'Ya'yan innabi sun dade da daina kasancewa al'adar da take girma a yankuna masu ɗumi. Ayyukan nasara na shayarwa na iya fadada yankin da yakamata a rarraba shi sosai. Tebur iri-iri Rasha da wuri - hunturu-Hardy da cuta-resistant inabi na farkon ripening.
Bayanin 'ya'yan inabi Rasha
An kawo iri-iri a Cibiyar Bincike ta Dukkan Rasha-Viticulture da Giya mai suna bayan Ya.I. Potapenko a Novocherkassk. An samo shi ta hanyar ƙetare nau'ikan sanyi-resistant Michurinets da Chasla daArewa.
Farkon Rashanci shine mahaifin Vortorg tebur iri-iri.
Hoton hoto: iyaye da zuriyar ofan Rasha na farkon iri-iri
- Grade Michurinets ne tsayayya wa cuta
- An samo Vostorg na farko a teburi ne sakamakon ɗaukar jini daga nau'ikan farkon Rasha
- Chasselas Inabi na Arewa - wani iri ne wanda ya fara fitowa
Rasha ta Farko - teburin inabi tare da berries mai zaki sosai, don ɗan ƙaramin caramel ɗanɗano inabi an ba su suna ta tsakiya - Sweetie. Yana da sanyi-resistant isa ya girma shi ba tare da tsari a cikin Ukraine, inda ya ripens a ƙarshen Yuli - farkon Agusta.
Yawancin suna da 'ya'ya, a kan harbe guda 2-3 an kirkiro inflorescences. Daga wani daji zaka iya cirewa har zuwa kilogiram 25 na berries.
Farkon Rasha shine iri-iri masu yawan 'ya'yan itace, ana iya samun kilogiram 25 na berries daga ɗayan daji
Shortan gajeren lokaci na girma yana yin wannan yalwa mai ban sha'awa ga namo a yankuna tare da gajeren lokacin bazara. Ana iya samun ingantaccen girbi na berries a arewacin Belarus, a cikin yankin Volga da yankin Moscow.
Halayen sa
Sakamakon zaɓin, wannan ɗabi'ar ta riƙe kyawawan halayen iyayenta, tana da halaye masu zuwa:
- lokacin fara girki - kwanaki 105-115;
- sanyi juriya har zuwa -25 ° C;
- dangi na jure mildew, oidium, launin toka mai kauri;
- matsakaici da tsayi bushes;
- kai pollination;
- ƙaramin matsakaici-nau'i a cikin kamannin mazugi, sako-sako, yakai 200-400 g;
- Berry yana da zagaye, matsakaici matsakaici - 21x23 mm, nauyi 3-5 g;
- launin shuki yana da ruwan hoda duhu, fatar fata ce mai tauri;
- abubuwan sukari - 17-21%;
- acidity - 6-7 g / l;
- An ɗanɗano dandano a maki 9 cikin 10.
Cikakkun berriesanyen berriesan itacen berries suna da kyancin sukari, ba na kowa bane. Wasu lambu fi son girbi dan kadan ripened 'ya'yan itãcen marmari.
Bidiyo: gabatar da Earlyan Rasha iri-iri
Siffofin dasa da girma
Wannan iri-iri ne unpretentious, Hardy kuma in mun gwada da resistant ga na innabi cututtuka. Ba ya buƙatar daidaitaccen doka kuma yana da ikon jure wa amfanin gona mai yawa.
Rasha da wuri zai iya kawo babban girbi
Saukowa
Kuna iya dasa inabi a farkon bazara da kaka. Wannan innabi yana sama da matsakaicin girma, saboda haka akwai buƙatar a rarraba isasshen sarari don ci gaba, kimanin 12 m2. Kafin sauka, yana da muhimmanci a zabi wurin da ya dace da rana kuma a shirya rami:
- Tona rami na girman da ya dace (nisa, zurfi da tsawon su zama 80 cm).
- Cika shi da yadudduka: yashi (guga 1), humus (buckets 2), saman saman ƙasa daga gadaje (buckets 5). Someara ɗan ash. Dama, sannan maimaita aiwatar da aikin har sai rami ya cika.
- Sanya bututu na filastik a cikin rami a gefe tare da ramuka ya fadi a ciki tare da diamita na 5 cm, ta haka ne zai yuwu a shayar da inabi. Hakanan zaka iya shigar da bututun ba tare da ramuka a kan magudanar magudanar ramin ba.
Zai yuwu ruwa ta hanyar magudanan ruwa ba daji daya ba, har ma duk layuka na garkar
- Ruwa rami. Duniya saita, ƙara ƙasa.
- Bayan makonni 2, ramin zai zauna har ƙarshe, shafin shirya.
Za'a iya samun mafi girman girbin inabin idan kun girma shi a cikin babban tsari kuma ku dasa shi kusa da wata kobo.
A lokacin da girma inabi Rasha a farkon arched tsari sarrafa don samun babban amfanin gona
Inabi ba sa raguwa ga ƙasa, amma ci gaba ne mafi kyau akan ƙasa baƙar fata. Ba'a ba da shawarar shuka shi a kan ciyayi tare da matattakalar ruwan karkashin ruwa.
Trimming, daji samuwar
Abubuwan da aka fi dacewa da arbor da arbor sun fi dacewa idan a cikin yankin girma a cikin hunturu zazzabi ba ya ƙasa da ƙididdigar da aka sanar da -25 ° C, kuma za'a iya girma da Farko Rasha a cikin suturar marasa sutura. A cikin wuraren da ke da matsanancin yanayi, ya kamata ka zaɓi wani tsari wanda ya dace da matsuguni don hunturu da kuma namo a cikin gidan kore. A wannan yanayin, amfanin gona ba zai yi yawa sosai ba, amma ya tabbata.
Bidiyo: Nasihun girki mai tsabta
Watering da ciyar
An shayar da wannan innabi kuma a ciyar da shi bisa ga tsarin da aka saba:
- a kai a kai matasa matasa bushes; tsofaffi suna buƙatar shayarwa idan ƙasa ta bushe sosai;
- ruwa a lokacin ban ruwa yakamata a kawo shi kai tsaye ga tushen tsiron, don wannan, lokacin dasa, an saka bututu na musamman a cikin rami.
Inabi na bukatar a ciyar da su, duk da cewa iri-iri ana ɗauke shi ba a sani ba. A cikin bazara, kafin a fara fure, yawancin takaddun takaddun ma'adinai waɗanda ke ɗauke da nitrogen da yawa, potassium da phosphorus an gabatar dasu a ƙarƙashin gandun daji. A lokacin girbi, an ciyar da bushes tare da potassium da phosphorus. Lokaci na ƙarshe da suke ciyarwa a ƙarshen kaka, kafin tsari don hunturu tare da ma'adanai masu hadaddun. Bugu da kari, da zarar kowace shekara 2-3 ana amfani da takin gargajiya (takin, taki).
Cutar da Magunguna
Wannan iri-iri yana da ɗan juriya game da cuta. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, yuwuwar lalacewar 'ya'yan itace ta hanyar oidium yana da yawa.
Berries shafi oidium, kamar dai yayyafa shi da gari
Oidium, ko mildew powdery, yana shafar manyan ofanyan itacen inabin, wannan cutar ta ɗora da aka kawo tare da seedlings daga Amurka.
Haɓaka naman gwari an sauƙaƙe ta daɗaɗɗen m. A cikin sakakken innabi bushes wanda ba a datsa a shekara, yana jin kwanciyar hankali. A cikin tsananin sanyi, kwaro na daskarewa.
Don magance berries oidium muna amfani da matakan kariya na gaba:
- Mun yanke bushe bushe a cikin kaka da farkon bazara, mun yanke ta cikin daji. Mun ƙone duka scraps.
- Lokacin da muke shayar inabi, mun guji samun ruwa a cikin ganyayyaki da itace.
- A farkon bazara da kaka, bayan mun girbe, mun fesa tsiron tare da shirye-shiryen da ke ɗauke da jan ƙarfe (Abiga kolo, Horus, sulfate jan karfe). Muna tsintsin sulfate na tagulla a cikin nauyin 10 g na foda a 10 l na ruwa. Sauran shirye-shirye suna dilken daidai da umarnin da aka haɗa da su.
- A lokacin fure da tumatir na berries, muna amfani da abubuwa masu aminci - soda da ash. Muna narke ash kamar yadda aka tsara: 1 kilogiram na ash + 10 l na ruwa, muna nace 5 kwana. Don soda, muna amfani da wasu ma'auni: 3 tbsp. tablespoons na soda + 3 lita na ruwa. A cikin mafita, ƙara sabulu na ruwa don mafi kyawun adhesion ga ganye da gungu, 2 tbsp ya isa. spoons na 5 lita na jiko.
Abu ne mai sauki ka shirya sabulu mai ruwa daga sabulu mai wanki.
Idan shuka ba ta da lafiya, muna magance ta da maganin maganin ɓacin fuska, 100 g da lita 10 na ruwa. Sulfur yana kashe naman gwari, ana aiwatar da aiki a zazzabi sama da 18 ° C. Beryen da naman naman gwari ba za su ci ba; suna buƙatar ƙone su.
Wani kwaro na innabi na kowa - itching - kuma yana iya yiwa itacen kuranta barazana. Zon, ko alamar innabi, yana buga bangon ganyen kuma yana farawa yau, wanda ya ƙunshi enzymes waɗanda ke haifar da lalata ganyen ganye.
Ganyen da ƙaiƙayi ya shafa a hankali yakan bushe
Ganyayyaki marasa lafiya, bushe, faɗuwa a kashe. Rashin yawan ganye yana da mummunar illa kan amfanin gona. Idan baku yi yaƙi da kaska ba, berriesan itacen zai iya wahala kuma ya zama bai dace ba don cin abinci. Yaduwar itching yana ba da gudummawa ga zafi mai tsayi ko, da biɗi, bushe da yanayin zafi. Ana amfani da ƙananan ganyen ganye da farko.
Matakan hanyoyin kariya:
- wajabta digging na kasar gona a karkashin daji;
- fesawa tare da lemun tsami 5% na bazara;
- bazara ta feshe tare da Nitrafen kafin buduwa.
Idan kaski ya sauka akan tsire, zamu yanke ganyen da ya shafa mu ƙone su. Idan wannan bai taimaka wajen kawar da itching ba, muna amfani da kwari - Fufanon, Actellik. Muna aiwatar da shuka sau 2-4 tare da tazara mako-mako. Feshi ba daga baya fiye da wata daya kafin girbi.
Actellik yana buƙatar sarrafa inabi don kawar da itching
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Yara tsirrai suna buƙatar tsari don shekaru 2-3 na farko. Mafi yawan shekarun 'ya'yan inabi kuma mafi karfi daga gangar jikinsa, hakan zai iya jure dusar sanyi; ba za a iya cire shi daga trellis a cikin wuraren da yanayi ba sa buƙatar tsari na shuka.
Don hunturu, inabi yana buƙatar rufe shi da kayan musamman da rassan fir spruce
Tare da raguwa a cikin zazzabi, haushi a kan hannayen inabi na wannan nau'in ba ya fasa. Kuna iya ƙoƙarin shuka 'ya'yan inabi a cikin tsari mai kyau kuma ku rufe shi don hunturu.
Bidiyo: yadda ake rufe giyar inabin
Wasp yaƙi
Kyau mai laushi tare da m fata na bakin ciki ya jawo hankalin wasps. Idan baku mu'amala da wadannan kwari da ke karewa, zaku iya rasa amfanin gonar gaba daya.
Matakan hanyoyin kariya:
- cire tsoffin tsoffin kwano;
- muna rufewa tare da rufe hanyoyin rufe shinge da trellis wanda kwastomomin suke so su zauna;
- shirya miya a cikin bututun da ke ɗauke da boric acid: saka 10 g na foda a kan gilashin jam; kamar yadda koto, zaka iya amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa pear da yawa wanda aka girka tare da boric acid;
- rufe bunch ɗin tare da jaka na tsohuwar tulle ko kayan da ba a saka ba, girman jakar ya zama ya isa domin bunch ɗin ya yi daidai da shi a ciki, alal misali, 35x25 cm.
Taskar Hoto: Kare bukukuwan daga Wasps
- Jaka ba kawai kare gunkin daga wasps ba, har ma suna kare berries daga hasken rana mai yawa
- Mun dinka jaka na tulle kuma muka sanya abun ciki a ciki
- Hakanan za'a iya yin jakar bunch daga daskararren filastik don wanke abinci
Sake Gani
My Russian farkon ya riga ya shekara 26 da haihuwa! Kuma ba zan share shi ba ... shi ne kawai farkon wanda ya ci gaba da hanzari - tun kafin Korinka ta Rasha. Yana da daɗi sosai kuma ana iya jan shi da launi ruwan hoda, yana rataye na dogon lokaci, har sai lokacin sanyi, matattarar ruwan ta fi dacewa da marmalade - mara ruwa.
Valentina N. (Kazakhstan, Petropavlovsk)//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=60&t=1213&start=60
Mai dadi, ko da cloying, amma babu dandano ... bunan ƙaramin rummi, ƙaramin Berry, yawan amfanin ƙasa, tare da babban ƙarfin girma. Mai gamsarwa, mutum zai iya faɗi, kyakkyawan pollination (don yanayi na). Koyaushe kyakkyawan bishiyar itace. Kuna iya amintaccen samun amfanin gona na biyu a cikin matakai, suna son wasps, amma ba koyaushe suna da lokaci. Wannan ire-ire, a ganina, shine don ƙarin yankuna na arewacin da mazaunin bazara, ba za'a iya kashe shi da yawa ba, yana gafarta kusan dukkanin kuskure ...
Vladimir (yankin Saratov)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465&page=5Abun sukari na berries 18 bidix. Ba rashin lafiya ba, ba tsagewa, wasps ba su jawo hankali ba.
... Na yanke idanu 8-12, a wannan shekara duk idanu sun kasance inflorescences, amma a farkon farkon harbe guda biyu suna gungu, don haka ba a bada shawarar yin ɗan gajeren pruning don farkon Rasha ba.
Vasiliev V.V. (yankin Belgorod)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465&page=4
Zan ƙara da cewa yana ɗaukar sarari da yawa (mita ... 10-12 square). A kan trellis, girbin yayi ƙanana, akwai ƙananan ƙananan tari. Ya zama dole tsari (na sami murfin sanyi) Zan fassara shi a cikin tashar mota, a can zai zama rana da sarari mai yawa.
Alex9 (Kiev)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465&page=2
FARKON Rasha a wannan shekarar yana da 'ya'ya sosai. A yau, abubuwan sukari na ruwan 'ya'yan itace kusan 20%, dandano mai dadi mai daɗi sosai. Rashin daidaituwa na wannan shekara a kan rukunin yanar gizon Ina hada da ƙara rashin daidaituwa na ripening berries idan aka kwatanta da yanayi na baya. Amma gabaɗaya, iri-iri kuma sun sake nuna yanayin halayensa kuma sun gamsar da gidan kilogiram na kyawawan inabi. Idan ka ciyar da shi da kyau, to, zai ba da irin wannan babbar vines din da kake buƙatar yalwar sarari. Amma bai isa ba ... Dole ne mu sarrafa ci gaba da ci gaba, duk da irin wannan halayen. Amma a gefe guda, itace mai ƙarfi yana sa ya yiwu a tsira daga matsanancin winters da kyau ... Amma har yanzu ban sami nasarar samo manyan ofan inabi ba.
Alexander (Zelenograd)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465&page=2
... Rashin daidaituwa na Rasha da wuri (a ganina!): Bayyanar ba kasuwa, ƙarami, a matsayin mai mulkin, bunƙasa, berries mai matsakaici, tsinkaye zuwa sauƙi mai sauƙi, ɗanɗano mai sauƙi, nama mai ruwa, nau'in abincin da aka fi so. Akwai abubuwa biyu tabbatattu masu haɗari: babban hadaddun kwanciyar hankali da farkon balaga.
Poskonin Vladimir Vladimirovich (Krasnodar)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465
... ba tare da wani magani ba na sinadarai, yana ba da 'ya'yan itace sosai a gefen kudu na gidan. Powerarfin girma ya wuce matsakaici, an cika shi da amfanin gona .... Wani daji da aka shuka bisa ga ƙarshen watan Yuli yana ba da gunbin pean bishiyoyi. Tare da kulawa na mediocre, yana zana kilo 40-50. .... A wannan shekara, ma, bai riƙe shi ba. Kafin digirin digiri na 30 ya rufe vidiyo na burlap akan alfarwar trellis tare da burlap.
kirpo (yankin yankin Vinnytsia)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465
Rashanci na Farko shine ingantaccen innabi iri-iri don girma a cikin yankuna na tsakiya da arewa maso gabas na Tarayyar Rasha, Ukraine da Belarus. Wannan iri-iri wanda ba shi da ma'ana wanda ke kula da girbin girbi na farkon mai daɗi za a iya ba da shawarar farawa don haɓaka gwanin girma inabi.
