Da farko ya bayyana a cikin jama'a, gyara raspberries nan da nan ya zama abin mamaki na ainihi. Don ɗan lokaci, yan lambu sun manta kawai game da nau'ikan "classic". Amma gwaninta na namo da sauri ya nuna cewa irin wannan raspberries ba su da asali ba kawai cikin kyawawan halaye ba. Kuma yawan girbin mai yiwuwa ne kawai tare da isasshen fasaha na aikin gona, saboda nau'ikan gyara suna da matukar bukatar kulawa fiye da na talakawa. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar sanin kanku tare da duk lamura a gaba kuma tabbatar da zaɓar nau'ikan ma'ana, ba kawai girman da dandano na berries ba.
Ta yaya masu gyaran kabeji suka bayyana?
Abun cikin wasu nau'in raspberries, mallakar remontance yana nufin ikon ci gaba da kasancewa na ɗan lokaci mai tsawon lokaci. Nau'in na yau da kullun suna ba da amfanin gona a cikin makonni 2-3 kawai, kuma nau'ikan gyara suna ba da 'ya'ya tun daga farkon kwanakin watan Agusta har sai yawan zafin jiki ya faɗi ƙasa 0game daC. Idan ba a aiwatar da tsattsauran ra'ayi, ana iya girbe amfanin gona biyu gaba ɗaya. Wataƙila wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa 'ya'yan itacen suna ɗaure ba kawai akan harbe overwintered ba, har ma a kan annuals. A aikace, galibi ana lura da cewa farkon lokacin bazara berries ba mai dadi bane kuma ya ɗan ɗan bushe, kuma amfanin gona na biyu cikin yanayi mai tsauri kuma mafi tsananin yanayi kawai ba shi da lokacin yin riji kafin sanyi.
A cikin mafi kyawun yanayi, masu kwaskwarima na raspberries suna kawo amfanin gona guda biyu, amma galibi lambu suna ba da gudummawar farko, kuma akwai dalilai na haƙiƙa don wannan
Bidiyo: girbi daya ko biyu na remont raspberries
A Rasha, lambu ya sadu da remont raspberries in mun gwada da kwanan nan, shekaru 20-30 kawai. Amma a Turai da Amurka, an san nau'ikan da ke da alaƙa mai dacewa fiye da ƙarni biyu. Botanists lura cewa a ƙarshen lokacin rani furanni bloomed a kan daban-daban harbe. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan sun zo a kudu na Rasha. Mafi shahararrun mai shayarwa I.V. Michurin har ma ya kirkiro nau'ikan Ci gaba. Lokacin da aka horar da shi a yanayin da ya dace, ya kawo ƙaramin amfanin gona a kan rassan wannan shekara a farkon shekarun Satumba.
Babban aiki a kan narkarda sabbin nau'ikan rasberi a cikin USSR ya fara ne kwanan nan, a cikin shekarun 70s na karni na 20. Farfesa I.V. Kazakov ya ba da gudummawa sosai a ciki. An gudanar da zaɓin musamman a yankin Bryansk. Nasarar farko ita ce matakin rani na Indiya. A halin yanzu, ba wai kawai nau'ikan nau'in ja (talakawa) raspberries suna ƙetare ba. Sisarfafawa yana kan hybridization interspecific wanda ya shafi raspberries, m, hawthorn, ban mamaki, blackberry da gimbiya.
Rasberi Babye rani - farkon gyara gyara wanda aka kirkira a cikin USSR
Sabbin nau'ikan zamani suna da saurin-kansu, ana nuna su da samuwar 'ya'yan itace tare da duka tsawon, kuma ba wai kawai a saman firan ba. Dayawa sun yi imani da cewa dandano da ƙamshi na manyan (masu nauyin 3-6 g) berries sun cika sosai, amma wannan ra'ayi ne na musamman. Yawan aiki a lokacin zamani zai iya kaiwa kilo 5-6 a kowane daji. Koyaya, wajibi ne don samar da tsirrai da zafi da matakin haske da suke buƙata, dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai dausayi, ciyar da kai a kai da ruwa daidai da buƙatar daji.
Bushes na gyaran raspberries ana ma'ana a zahiri tare da berries, yana da ban sha'awa sosai
Bidiyo: bayyanar remont raspberries da bambance-bambancenta daga nau'ikan talakawa
Mafi kyawun iri
An gabatar da nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan girke-girke na kayan gona waɗanda aka kirkira ta gida da na waje a cikin ɗakin kulawa da ɗakunan ajiya na musamman a cikin kewayon gaskiya. Amma lokacin sayen, kuna buƙatar yin la'akari nan da nan cewa a hanya mafi kyau wannan al'ada ta bayyana kanta a yamma da Urals. A cikin yankuna masu tsananin tsaurara yanayin canjin yanayin ƙasa, nau'ikan wannan nau'in suna da karancin fa'ida akan waɗanda suke talakawa. Objectively, watakila, ba za ka iya suna kawai gabatarwar da dandano na berries, da rashin bukatar rikici a kusa da samuwar bushes, mai kyau sanyi juriya da kuma mafi girma rigakafi.
Apricot
An ba da shawarar yin rajista na jihar don namowa a Yankin Tsakiya. Dajin ba shi da ƙarfi musamman, ya ɗanɗaɗa. Rassan suna dan kadan mara nauyi. Spikes suna mai da hankali akan ƙananan kashi na uku na harbe.
Raspberries Apricot fairly m bushes
Matsakaicin nauyin Berry shine 3 g. Punbin danshi yana da laushi, mai daɗi, tare da sourness ɗanɗano. Ƙanshi mai laushi. Dankon da aka samu yayi kimanta maki 4.5 (zai yiwu yaci biyar). Massening na berries yana farawa ne bayan 15 ga Agusta. Samu kilogram 3 daga daji.
India lokacin rani 2
“Arin "gyaran da kari" na bazara ta Indiya ita ce farkon rarar kayan itacen indomin a cikin USSR. “Iyaye” sunfi mafi kyawun kariya, wadatar haihuwa da kuma ƙanshi mai danshi. An ba da shawarar yin rajista na jihar don namowa a Yankin Tsakiya. A daji ke tsiro zuwa 1.5 m, yana da matukar ƙarfi, watsa matsakaici. Harbe suna madaidaiciya, densely dotted with kaifi spikes daga sama zuwa kasa. Tushen ba ya daskare har ma da tsananin sanyi da dusar kankara.
Rasberi Babye Summer 2 an darajanta ta saboda tsananin juriya na tushen tsarin
Matsakaicin nauyin berry shine 3.6 g, tsawonsa shine 2-2.5 cm. Theunbin ɗamara yana da taushi da ƙanshi, mai daɗi da ɗanɗano, dan kadan tart. Tasteanɗantarsa ba sa yin tasiri sosai da yanayin lokacin bazara. Ko da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, ba ya zama da ruwa. A tsaba kananan, kusan ba ji. Kimantawa ta dandano - maki 4. Girbi yana farawa a shekaru goma na biyu na Agusta. Kowane girma shuka kawo har zuwa 3 kilogiram na berries.
Hercules
Ofaya daga cikin ƙaunatattun tsakanin gardenersan lambu daga Russia da tsoffin tarayyar Soviet shine nau'in gyaran. An girma ba kawai don amfanin mutum ba, har ma akan sikelin masana'antu. A bisa hukuma ta ba da shawarar shigowa yankin na Yankin. Lokacin da aka horar da shi cikin yanayin zafi da ƙarancin haske, ƙarar amfanin gona tayi raguwa sosai, berriesan itacen ya zama kusan babu ɗanɗano. Dajin ya girma zuwa 1.5-2 m, dan kadan yada. Harbe kai tsaye, mai iko. M spikes na matsakaici tsawon rufe su daga sama zuwa kasa. Ba dadi ba, sabanin yawancin nau'in gyara, yana fama da raunin danshi, haka kuma yawan ruwan sama.
Rasberi Hercules mafi kyau fiye da yawancin nau'ikan gyarawa suna yin haƙuri da ƙarancin danshi da danshi mai laima
'Ya'yan itacen suna da girma sosai (kimanin 6.8 g, samfuran mutum - 10-12 g kowannensu). Cire kimanin kilogiram 4.5 daga daji. Pulunbin danshi yana da ƙarancin matsakaici, ƙanshi mai daɗi, mai daɗin ɗanɗano mai daɗin daɗi. Latterarshe tana da maki 4. Amma ƙwarewar 'yan lambu ya nuna cewa yana da matuƙar rinjayi yanayi da ingancin substrate. Berry ana located a saman babba na shoot, amma suna da kyau rufe ganye. Wannan yana kiyaye amfanin gona daga tsuntsaye.
Idan da farko frosts da berries na raspberries Hercules ba su da lokaci zuwa ripen, an yanke rassan tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin ruwa. Zasu gama a gida.
Eurasia
Ba shi da ƙuntatawa game da yankin namo. Isan daji yana da tsayi 1.3-1.6 m, shtambovy (ƙari kamar ƙaramin itace). Harbe kai tsaye, mai iko. Tsarin ƙaya ya rufe ƙananan rabin reshe, amma a saman su ma akwai da yawa sosai. Yana yarda da fari sosai, amma ba zafi. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'in gyara, an fi fama da cututtuka da kwari.
Rasberi Eurasia idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'in gyaran suna da mummunar rigakafi
Girman itacen Berry kusan 3.6-4.6 g. Pulunsar tana da ƙarancin matsakaici, gaba ɗaya ba tare da ƙanshi ba, ɗanɗanar ba ta da kyau, mai daɗi da ƙanshi. Drupe ɗaiɗaikun suna da tabbaci a haɗe. Dandanawar dandanawa - maki 3.9. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sunyi dace da sufuri mai nisa da girbi na injinin kera Girbi, wanda ba na hali ba ne don remont raspberries, ripens en masse. Tarin nasa yana faruwa ne daga ƙarnin ƙarshe na Agusta zuwa 15 ga Satumbar. Cire kimanin kilogiram 2.5 daga daji.
Gidajen zinare
An sanya shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha don Babban yankin. Resistanceanƙarar sanyi har zuwa -22 ° С. A daji girma zuwa 1.3-1.5 m, quite na rayayye siffofin muhimmi harbe da harbe na canzawa. A inji shi ne matsakaici yada, harbe su ne kadan nickel. Thin kuma ba musamman wuya spikes ana located ba sau da yawa, amma tare da dukan tsawon daga cikin rassan.
Rasberi Rassuwan Gidaje sun nuna himma sosai da gaske
A cikin raspberries cikakke, fata yana da rawaya na zinariya, a cikin overripe - apricot-orange. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 3.8 g. Punƙarar tana da laushi, mai daɗi, tare da ƙarancin tsinkaye mai tsinkaye. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan gyaran, yana da kusan rabin bitamin C. Wani ɗan ƙaramin tsire-tsire yana kawo kilogiram na 2 kilogiram ko fiye.
Kamar yadda yake tare da kowane rasberi rawaya, Zinare ana amfani da shi ta hanyar manyan matakan lycopene da beta-carotene. Duk da haka irin waɗannan arean itacen suna da wuya su haifar da rashin lafiyar. Ana iya haɗa su a cikin abinci har ma da ƙananan yara da mata masu juna biyu.
Polka
Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, da iri ne bred a Poland. Yana da sauri ya sami shahara ba wai kawai a mahaifarsa ba, amma a ko'ina cikin Turai, inda yanzu shine mafi yawan nau'ikan da aka fi girma akan sikelin masana'antu. An dauki kusan ma'aunin dandano. Tsawon daji na tsakiyar yada shine 1.5-1.8 m.
An halin high sanyi juriya na shuka kanta. Fruiting ya ci gaba koda lokacin zazzabi ya sauka zuwa -2 ° C. Amma tushen domin hunturu dole bukatar tsari. Gabaɗaya, wannan yanki ne mai rauni na daji, wanda kuma aka sanya shi cikin cutar kansa na ƙwayar cuta, ƙwayar cuta. Kusan babu ƙaya. Baya yarda da zafi sama da 35 ° C da hasken rana kai tsaye.
Rasberi Polka ana godiya saboda yadda ake gabatar da shi da kuma kyakkyawan ɗanɗano na berries, amma yuwuwar yin wannan nau'in a Rasha ana iyakance ta yanayin juriyarsa mai sanyi
Berriesarshen berries suna da kyau a bayyane, suna auna kimanin 4.5 g. An tattara su a goge na guda 6, a sauƙaƙe keɓewa daga tushe, masu toho, kada su faɗi daga daji. Drupe kananan, da tabbaci bond. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai yawa, amma sosai m. An ɗanɗano dandano zuwa matsakaicin. Yawan aiki - har zuwa kilogiram 4,5 a kowane daji. A cikin Rasha, 'ya'yan itaciyar farko sun haɗu a ƙarshen Yuli da Agusta, cire su har sai Oktoba. Berries jure wa sufuri da daskarewa da kyau.
Lu'u-lu'u
Yana yin mafi kyau a cikin yankin Tsakiya. A daji ne mai matsakaici-sized, amma yada. Tsayinta ba ya wuce m 1.5. Tushen Tushen ana kirkiro su ba kaɗan. Hakanan rassan sukan tanƙwara a ƙarƙashin nauyin amfanin gona; trellis ko wasu tallafi zasu buƙaci. Spikes 'yan kadan, located a gindi daga cikin harbe. Yana yarda da zafi sosai, fari - mafi muni. Lokacin da aka dasa shi a cikin inuwa, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana raguwa sosai.
Girbi na raspberries M ya dogara da irin hasken rana da zafi da aka karɓa daga bushes ɗin
Matsakaicin nauyin 'ya'yan itacen shine 4.1 g .. tsaba suna da yawa. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne m, mai dadi, tare da dan kadan m acidity. Kusan babu ƙanshi. An dandana dandano a maki 4. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun dace da harkokin sufuri. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine kilogiram 2.5-4 a kowane daji.
Penguin
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin ɗayan farko na nau'in gyaran. Rajista na jihar bai kafa ƙuntatawa ba akan yankin namo. Growsan daji ya girma zuwa 1.2-1.5 m, misali. Rnswanin suna da taushi, suna dan ƙara kaɗan, suna rufe rassan gaba ɗaya tsawon. Ba ya yarda da fari da zafi sosai. Ba ya son sanyi - idan ba ku yanke harbe-harbe ba saboda hunturu, za su daskare sama da dusar ƙanƙara.
M dandano mai rasberi na rasberi shine saboda babban sinadarin Vitamin C.
Berries tana yin awo 4.2-6.5 g Rabin Vitamin C ya kusan karɓar rikicewa - 62mg a kowace 100 g. Tumbin yana da ƙima sosai, mara ƙanshi. An ɗanɗano dandano da maki 3.7. Amma yana inganta mahimmanci lokacin da aka horar da shi a ƙarƙashin ingantaccen yanayi kuma tare da isasshen fasaha na aikin gona. Yawan aiki - har zuwa kilogiram 3.5 a kowane daji.
Bushes na raspberries Penguin ne sau da yawa girma ba kawai ga fruiting. An yi amfani dasu da yawa don dalilai na kayan ado - suna da tsari, jinkirin-girma, m. Dark kore ganye bambanci yadda ya kamata tare da haske berries.
Abun wuya
An ba da izinin yin noma a kowane yankuna na Tarayyar Rasha. Dajin ba ya yadu sosai, ya kai mita 1.5 a tsawon sa. Rassan suna dan kadan mara nauyi. Spikes ba su zama a mafi yawa sau, dot harbe tare da dukan tsawon. Ba Ya son zafi da fari. Resistanceanƙarar sanyi har zuwa -25 ° С.
Rasberi Ruby abun wuya ba ya jure wa zafi lokacin zafi da fari, hunturu mai tsananin sanyi
Matsakaicin nauyin berry shine 4.2-5.6 g, samfurori na mutum har zuwa g 8. Theunbin ɗamara yana da laushi, ƙanshi, mai daɗi, tare da ƙoshin sourness. An kiyasta ku ɗanɗani da maki 3.8. Yawan aiki - 2.5 kilogiram a kowane daji ko ƙari.
Shuka bishiyoyi masu remontant da kuma shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen
Gyaran rasberi suna buƙatar buƙatu sosai akan yanayin girma. Saboda haka, an zaɓi wurin ne domin dole ne bushes ɗin ya sami isasshen zafi da hasken rana. Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa wasu nau'ikan ba su yi haƙuri da hasken rana kai tsaye ba - 'an dafa' berries '. Dole ne a kiyaye wurin daga iska - gusts na sanyi da kuma zayyanar da rushewar 'ya'yan itaciyar. Zaka iya, alal misali, dasa bishiyoyi a gefen bango, shinge, ko ƙirƙirar "fuka-fuki" daga tsire-tsire masu tsayi (masara, sunflower).
Don namo kiban bishiyar remontant, an zaɓi yankin da yake buɗe rana.
A acid-tushe ma'auni na kasar gona don remont raspberries ne tsaka tsaki. Lokacin shirya gadaje, gari na dolomite, ƙwanna mai ƙwai da aka yiwa ƙasa mai ƙara zuwa ƙasa na acidic, kuma an ƙara perum crumbs da allura a cikin ƙasa na alkaline. Madadin ya zama dole haske da sako-sako, amma a lokaci guda na gina jiki. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine chernozem ko ƙasa loamy, ƙasa mai launin toka. Rashin cancanta azaman matsayin za a iya ɗanƙaɗa shi ta hanyar ƙara lãka a cikin nau'in foda zuwa ƙasa mai yashi, yashi a cikin yumɓu da ƙasa na peat.
Dolomite gari - deoxidizer na ƙasa wanda bashi da tasirin sakamako idan aka lura da sashi
Mafi kyawun magabata don remont raspberries sune kowane bangare (ganye mustard, phacelia, vetch, lupine). Sannan, aƙalla watanni 1.5 kafin dasa shuki, ana iya yanka ganye a ciki a cikin ƙasa, wannan takin nitrogen ne na halitta. Ba su dace da al'adun gonar ba, inda kafin wannan dankali, tumatir, kararrawa, an yi girma a lambun strawberries - sun cika ƙasa sosai. An canza rasberi ɗin zuwa sabon wuri sau ɗaya kowace shekara 12-15.
Siderat na tsire-tsire, ciki har da mustard ganye, inganta ingancin ƙasa, cika shi da nitrogen
Gyara raspberries suna son danshi, amma kada ku yi haƙuri da kwararar ruwa a tushen bisa manufa. Idan a yankin da aka shirya ginin gonar, ruwan karkashin kasa ya matso kusa da saman nesa ba kusa da mita ba, zaku nemi wani wuri ko kuma gina tudun tare da tsayin rabin mita ko sama da haka.
Ingancin dutsen seed shine mabuɗin babban girbi mai yawa a nan gaba. Tsirrai masu lafiya suna da tsarin tushen fibrous mai tasowa tare da tsawon 20 cm kuma babban harbi tare da kauri na akalla 5 mm. Tsawon - 20-25 cm, ba ƙari. Kwalayen ƙwayoyin cuta marasa yawa suna da muni kuma ba saurin ɗaukar tushe a cikin sabon wuri. Itace a gindin bishiyar bishiyar kore. Dalilin ƙin sayen shine kasancewar akan akwati na ƙasa da kodan biyu, ƙararrakin da ake zargi na ɓoye a kan tushen (wannan na iya zama ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta), haushi mai laushi, aibobi a kanta.
Seedlingsauran da aka saya na gyaran raspberries a hankali suna bincika su, idan akwai wata shakka game da ingancin su, zai fi kyau ka ƙi sayan
Kuna iya shuka tsire-tsire a ƙarshen bazara da kaka, amma mafi yawan lokuta mafi dacewa ana ɗauka su zama ranakun kwanaki goma na Satumba ko farkon Oktoba. To, 'ya'yan itaciyar farko na farko za su iya ɗanɗana lokacin bazara. A cikin wuraren da ke da yanayin canji, ana iya jinkirtar da hanya har zuwa kwanakin ƙarshe na Oktoba.
Bushes a mafi yawan iri ne m, ba yaduwa, muhimmi harbe an kafa ba tare da so ba. Saboda haka, lokacin da saukowa tsakanin su bar 0.7-0.8 m tare da jere jeri na kimanin mita. Dangane da haka, idan akwai fiye da ɗaya seedlings, tono rami ɗaya na kowane ba shi da amfani. Ana gyaran raspberries a cikin rami, suna riƙe tazara da ake buƙata. Akwai wasu hanyoyi - da ake kira labule, (sanya jeri a cikin rukuni na guda 2-3 tare da tazara tsakanin 0.5-0.7 m) da alwatika (an sanya bushes a saman kogunan, tsawon gefen - 0.4-0.5 m).
Tare da dasa na lokaci daya da yawa bushes na remont raspberries, ya fi dacewa su yi ta tono guda tare mahara a gare su
Kuna buƙatar tono ramin 3-4 makonni kafin disembarkation ko ma a cikin fall, idan kuna shirin tsari a cikin bazara. Zurfinsa shine 40-45 cm.Duk kowace mita gudu, 10-12 l na humus ko takin da aka juzuɗe, 150-180 g na talakawa superphosphate da 100-120 g na potassium sulfate suna kara. Ko kuma maye gurbin suturar ma'adinai na kowane mutum tare da hadaddun samfurin da yake a cikin abin da phosphorus da potassium suke da kusan ninki biyu (nitrogen g). Kuma ga masu son aikin gona na halitta, katako mai itace (3-3.5 kofuna waɗanda) ya dace.
Humus - magani na ɗabi'a don haɓaka takin ƙasa
Kai tsaye dasa shuki remontant raspberries a cikin wani wuri na dindindin ba shi da bambance-bambance masu tsattsauran ra'ayi daga wannan taron don kowane sauran tsirrai. Don sauƙaƙa wa seedlings su saje da sabon muhalli, misalin kwana ɗaya kafin shuka, Tushen suna daɗaɗɗa cikin mafitar kowane biostimulant. Dukansu sun sayi magunguna (Epin, Kornevin, potassium humate) da magungunan jama'a (ruwan zuma, ruwan 'ya'yan aloe, acid na succinic) sun dace. A cikin aiwatarwa, ya zama dole don saka idanu a kan tushen wuyan tushe - bai kamata a binne shi sosai a cikin ƙasa ba, sai dai idan yashi ne. Lokacin da aka shuka shi da kyau, an kafa shi kimanin santimita biyu bisa saman duniya. Bayan dasa, ana shayar da shuka mai yawa kuma suna barci a cikin muhimmin yanki na ciyawa. Zai taimaka riƙe danshi a cikin ƙasa kuma ya adana lokacin lambu don shuka.
Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin dasa shuki na shuka bishiyoyi na remontant a cikin dindindin, har ma da fararen lambu zai jimre da wannan aikin
Yaduwar al'adu
Yawancin nau'ikan bishiyoyin remont suna da matuƙar m don samar da harbe-fure. A gefe guda, wannan ƙari ne, saboda bushes ba sa "creep" sama da shafin. Amma wannan fasalin yana rikitar da tsarin haihuwa. Saboda haka, mafi yawan lokuta wannan dalilin amfani lignified cuttings.
Abubuwan girbi a cikin kaka. Lokacin da ganyayyaki suka faɗi, harbe-zangar shekara-shekara tare da kauri aƙalla 2-3 mm an yanke su guda 20-25 cm tsawo. Su za a iya dasa nan da nan a cikin ƙasa ko a yarda da su hunturu a cikin ginshiki ko cellar.
A cikin yanayin farko, ana shuka tsiran a kwance a cikin humus ko takin da aka lalace zuwa zurfin da bai wuce 10 cm ba. An dasa shayarwa a yalwace, ana ɗaure shi da kayan iska (spunbond, lutrasil) kuma an rufe shi da ɓawon peat (aƙalla 8-12 cm a kauri). Bayan saukar dusar ƙanƙara ta fari, an rufe gado da ƙari.
Soaking yanka a kan rasberi ras a cikin wani bayani na kowane biostimulator kara hanzarin aiwatar tushen
Na biyu zaɓi - "saukarwa" raspberries a cikin hunturu a cikin kwantena. An yanke kayan tare da takarda mai taushi ko zane, a sa a cikin tukwane ko kwalaye na ƙarar da ya dace kuma an rufe shi da peat ko yashi. A farkon bazara, ana canza su zuwa gidan, ana sabunta yanka kuma a saka a cikin akwati na ruwa, ƙara kowane biostimulant. Murfin saman tare da jakar filastik. Ana canza ruwa kowace rana. Tushen ya girma a wani wuri a cikin wata, bayan wani makonni 3-4 ana iya shuka tsire-tsire nan da nan a wani wuri mai ɗorewa ko a cikin gidan kore, kore. A cikin shari'ar ta karshen, ana tura su zuwa ga bude ƙasa a tsakiyar watan Satumba.
Suna amfani da kore kore don yaduwa musamman na musamman da / ko nau'ikan kyawawan nau'ikan remont raspberries. Yanke kayan dasawa a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara - irin waɗannan yankan sun sami mafi yawan abubuwan gina jiki. Dole ne ya zama dole su sami zanen gado 2-3, tsayinsa bai wuce 10-15 cm ba.
Sake bugun bishiyoyi na remont tare da yan itace yana ba ku damar adana halaye masu ɗorewa
Sectionsananan sassan na 16-18 hours ana tsoma su a cikin maganin indolylbutyric acid ko heteroauxin. Sannan an yanke gurnani a wani kusurwa na 45 ° tare da wani tazara na 10-15 cm ana shuka su a cikin greenhouse a cakuda ƙasa, peat da yashi (2: 1: 1). An kiyaye yanayin zafi aƙalla 80% da zazzabi na akalla 22 ° C. Sau da yawa ruwa, kamar yadda topsoil ya bushe. A cikin bude ƙasa canjawa wuri a cikin fall.
Kamar yadda al'adar ke nunawa, bushes na remont raspberries yana da shekaru 4-5 yana ba da mafi yawan harbe. Da zaran '' ya '' ya girma zuwa 7-10 cm a tsayi, an haƙa su, an rabu da tushen a hankali daga uwar itaciyar tare da wuka mai tsage kuma an canza shi zuwa wani sabon wuri. A cikin makonni biyu na farko bayan dasawa, bushes yana buƙatar yawan ruwa a kowace rana. Don kare kai daga hasken rana kai tsaye, za a sami igiyar kowane farin kayan rufe su.
Yawancin nau'in rasberi na remont ba su da tushe ga tushe, amma akwai banbancen.
Zaka iya amfani dashi don haifuwa da guntun Tushen 10-12 cm tsayi da kauri 2 mm. A cikin kaka ana dasa su zuwa zurfin 6 cm 6. Shoan buɗe ido suna bayyana lokacin bazara mai zuwa, ana canja seedlings zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa a watan Satumba. Wani zabin shine fitar da su a gida.
Lokacin girma sabon bushes na gyaran Rasberi daga guda na tushen a gida, harbe suna bayyana a kusan wata daya
Bidiyo: hanyoyin kiwo don gyaran raspberries
Kula da tsiro
Samun ƙarar da aka ayyana na amfanin gona na rasberi rasberi na nau'in gyaran da shayarwa ke nunawa hakika na musamman ne tare da fasahar aikin gona. Mai aikin lambu yakan ɗauki lokaci da ƙarfi a gareshi fiye da kula da al'adun talakawa.
Gyara raspberries al'adu ne mai ƙauna. Ana shayar da lambun aƙalla sau ɗaya a mako, a cikin zafi - kowane kwana biyu ko ma kullun. Mafi yawan duk bushes bukatar danshi a lokacin aiki samuwar kore taro, nan da nan kafin buɗe kan fure da kuma lokacin lokacin ripening 'ya'yan itãcen. A cikin kaka, idan tana da dumama da kuma wurin hutawa, wajibi ne don aiwatar da ban ruwa na ruwa. Yana taimakawa Tushen zuwa hunturu ba tare da cutar da kansu ba.
Dole ne a cike ƙasa da danshi zuwa zurfin aƙalla 35-40 cm (kamar 20 l / m²). Hanya mafi kyau shine ban ruwa na ruwa. Idan ƙirƙirar irin wannan tsarin babu yiwuwar fasaha, ruwa tare da furfuran fata a cikin hanyoyin. Zuba ruwa a ƙarƙashin Tushen ba a so - suna nesa kusa da farfajiya, saboda haka ana iya fallasa su, bushe. Dole ne a mai da ruwa zuwa zazzabi na 22-25 ° C.
Ban ruwa na kwandon shara wani tsari ne na tsauraran bututu da kuma magudanun ruwa mai canzawa wanda ke da alaƙa da tukunyar ruwa wacce ke a saman 1.5-2 zuwa saman matakin ƙasa, wanda zai baka damar "magance" isar da ruwa zuwa gaɓar tukunyar tsire-tsire ba tare da lalata ƙasa ba. Kuma idan kun kuma shigar da famfo na musamman tare da ma'aunin lokaci, tsarin zai tafi ba tare da halartar wani ɗan lambu ba. Ana samar da ruwa a cikin nau'ikan saukad ko rafukan bakin ciki. Ya dogara da ko an shigar da masu ɗora ruwa ko masu yayyafa ruwa.
Wannan hanyar tana dacewa sosai don gyaran raspberries, saboda ba kowa bane ke da damar rayuwa ta dindindin akan filin lambun. Baya ga fa'idojin da ba a tabbatar da su ba ga tsire-tsire, irin wannan tsarin yana ba ku damar adana lokaci, ƙoƙari da ruwa (40-70%). Zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo, matsin lamba a cikin bututu baya shafar ingancin aikinsa, koda mafi ƙarancin matsin lamba ya isa. Hakanan, jin daɗin shafin ba shi da mahimmanci. Kasancewar gangara, lemuka, da sauransu ba zai hana kungiyar fitar da ban ruwa ba.
Ruwan ruwa daidai ga tushen rasberi bushes yana ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa tsarin sa ya zama mafi ci gaba, ana kafa tushen fibrous. Wannan, bi da bi, yana ba da kyakkyawan amfani da abubuwan gina jiki daga ƙasa. Ruwa mai gudana ta cikin bututun yana da lokaci don dumama zuwa matsanancin zafin jiki. Too sanyi sau da yawa tsokani da ci gaban tushen rot a raspberries. Saukad da ƙasa ba su fada akan ganyayyaki ba, don haka za'a iya yin shayar ruwa a kowane lokaci. Haka kuma, bayan manyan kayan miya na foliar, abubuwan abinci masu rai ba a wanke su daga gare su. Kuma yayin girma raspberries a cikin wani wuri mai bude rana, zasu iya taka rawar ruwan tabarau waɗanda ke haifar da ƙonewa. Guda guda ɗaya yakan ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban cututtukan fungal. Rigakafi na yawancin nau'ikan remont raspberries yana da kyau sosai, amma har yanzu bai cancanci haɗarin ba.
Kwarewar 'yan lambu ya nuna cewa lokacin amfani da wannan tsarin, amfanin gona, gami da remont raspberries, ya karu da kashi 20-40% idan aka kwatanta shi da feshin ruwa ko kuma ruwa na al'ada daga ruwa mai ban ruwa, ban ruwa tare da huhun iska da rafukan ruwa. Kuma iyakantaccen yanki na rukunin yanki da kyau yana hana cizon sako girma.
Sauke ruwa shine mafi kyawun hanyar don gyaran raspberries don rigar ɗanyun
Yayi matukar himma da ruwa shima bashi da daraja. Yawancin nau'ikan gyaran da ba su yarda da fari ba sosai, amma waterlogging da ke haifar da tushen rot ne kawai mai m gare su.
Bidiyo: Tsarin ban ruwa na ruwa mai ruwa DIY
Ripaukar da babban adadin manyan berries na buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ɗimbin yawa. Idan an kara duk abin da ya zama dole a kasa yayin dasa, wannan ya ishe shekara biyu. Ana sake farawa da riguna a cikin bazara ta uku bayan canja wurin seedling zuwa gonar.
Gyara raspberries suna amsawa sosai takin gargajiya na takin ƙasa. Da zaran an isar da isasshen ƙasa, ƙasa a kan gado ta kwance madaukai, yayin da a lokaci guda, yakan rufe humus ko takin (5-7 l kowace mikakkiyar layi). Bayan kimanin makonni biyu, ana sake kwance loosening, wannan lokacin ana amfani da kowane takin ma'adinai tare da abun ciki na nitrogen (12-15 g / m²).
A lokacin girma girma, remont raspberries ana hadu a wata tare da jiko na nettle ko Dandelion ganye, kaza droppings, taki saniya. Yawan amfani da samfurin ya kai 5 l / m². Ya dogara da shekarun daji. Ripening berries suna buƙatar potassium da phosphorus. Sabili da haka, tun daga tsakiyar watan Yuli, an ƙara tablespoon na potassium sulfate da superphosphate a cikin wannan riguna na saman.
Nettle jiko kafin amfani da ake tace da kuma diluted da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1: 8, kuma idan albarkatun kasa da aka zuriyar dabbobi, da girma ne ninki biyu
Kuna iya maye gurbin kwayoyin tare da takaddun takaddun shuka don bushes bushes. Don haka buƙatar irin wannan ƙari ta ɓace. A ƙarshen fruiting, an ƙara ash itace na tushe a cikin tushen.
Cikakken takin gargajiya na Berry bushes ya ƙunshi dukkan macro- da microelements da suka wajaba ga tsirrai
Bidiyo: tukwici don kulawa da raspberries na kulawa
Game da cropping, akwai hanyoyi guda biyu. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce ta rage dukkan harbe har zuwa “tsintsaye” uku ko biyar, amma kuma don kakar wasa mai zuwa za a barku ba tare da girbin farkon ba. Amfanin wannan hanyar ba wai kawai a cikin sauki ba, har ma a cikin wannan, tare da sare harbe, pathogens dage farawa daga kwari qwai. Don shirya remont raspberries bayan irin wannan pruning don wintering, ya isa a cika "hemp" tare da Layer na ciyawa 10-15 cm lokacin farin ciki.
Don mafi yawan lambu, a cikin fall bayan pruning, da remont raspberries kama wani abu kamar wannan
Wani zaɓi shine don barin 10-15 daga mafi ƙarfi kuma mafi haɓaka ta 1 m² na harbe na wannan kakar, yanke ragowar zuwa tushen. Ya kamata a tuna cewa ba duk nau'ikan suna da juriya na sanyi ba dole don yanki da aka ba. Yayin da Tushen galibi ba tare da wata matsala ba suna jure daskarewa na ƙasa zuwa -25-30 ° C. Idan za ta yiwu, harbe da aka watsar suna sintiri a ƙasa kuma an gyara su, an fiɗa su da rassan spruce ko ganye, an rufe su da matattakala, lutrasil, da spanbond. Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi, ana gina dusar ƙanƙara akan saman gado. A cikin bazara, an yanke rassan daskararre ga koda mai rai, wanda yake saman duka.
Lambu suna fatan samun girbi na remontant raspberries a watan Yuni, na bakin ciki fitar da daji da kuma yanke na hagu harbe
Bidiyo: hanyoyin datsa bishiyoyi
Cututtukan gama gari da hanyoyin sarrafawa
Mafi yawancin nau'ikan remont raspberries na zamani ana bambanta su da kyakkyawan juriya ga cututtukan halayyar al'ada. Ba su da ƙaranci sosai fiye da na al'ada iri ta kwari. Dangane da haka, don kare raspberries, sau da yawa matakan kariya masu isa sun isa.
Fungi baya tsira daga jiyya tare da ƙwayoyin tagulla. Sabili da haka, tare da anthracnose, septoria, mildew powdery, tsatsa, shunayya da tabon fata, duk nau'ikan rot suna yaƙi tare da fungicides. Zai iya zama duka tsoffin samfuran da suka tabbatar da ingancinsu (ruwa Bordeaux, sulfate jan karfe), da kuma sababbin biofungicides (Strobi, Abiga-Peak, Bayleton, Fitosporin-M). Ana kula da busassun ƙasa da ƙasa a kan fure a cikin "kore mazugi" mataki, nan da nan bayan fure da kwanaki 12-15 bayan an gama girbin amfanin.
Idan bayan jiyya tare da Bordeaux ruwa da harbe na kamar mako biyu saya da bluish tint, wannan shi ne al'ada
Halin da ake ciki tare da hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri (chlorosis, ganye mai narkewa, mycoplasmosis, dwarfism) da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta (cututtukan ƙwayar cuta) sun ɗan fi rikitarwa. Yana nufin magani domin ba a inganta ba tukuna. Mafi m, ba za su kashe rasberi bushes, amma yawan amfanin ƙasa, kamar ingancin 'ya'yan itacen, zai sauke sosai. Mafi kyawun rigakafin a wannan yanayin shine ƙoshin aikin kulawa da jinya. Shuke-shuke inda yawancin bugun ya kamu da kamuwa da cuta basa buƙatar yin nadama, an tumɓuke su kuma an ƙone su don kada cutar ta bazu. Ana amfani da kasar gona ta hanyar zubad da lokacin farin ciki na sirinji na potassium.
Daga cikin kwari, ganye aphids, gall nematodes, strawberry-rasberi weevils, rasberi rasberi, rasberi bishiyoyi sun fi haɗari ga gyaran raspberries. Da yawa daga cikinsu ba su yi haƙuri da karfi ƙanshi. Kusa da gonar, yana da amfani shuka tsire-tsire mai yaji, furanni tare da ƙanshin halayyar (lavender, marigolds, calendula). A kan kwari masu tashi, tef ɗin rufe ido don kama ƙudaje ko tarko na gida - kwantena cike da sukari mai narkewa, zuma, jam, taimaka mai yawa. Soilasa a cikin gonar an yayyafa shi da baƙin alli ko ash. Kuma tsire-tsire da kansu ana yayyafa kowace rana ta 12-15 tare da jiko na albasa ko tafarnuwa masu harbe, tumatir fi, tumatir citrus.
Marigolds a cikin lambu ba wai kawai kyawawan abubuwa ba ne, har ma suna da amfani, ƙanshin ƙanshi da ke damun kwari da yawa
A wa annan lokuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta yayin da ba za a iya kawar da kamuwa da cuta ba, ana amfani da magunguna don sarrafa kwari (maganin maganin yin burodi soda ko ash ash, colloidal sulfur, mustard foda, vinegar ko ammoniya da aka narkar da ruwa). Bayan 'yan jiyya sun isa yayin da aka gano matsalar ba ta makara ba. A cikin hare-hare da mutane da yawa, Rasberi bushes aka fesa tare da kwari duniya (Actellik, Komandor, Mospilan, Iskra-Bio, Admiral).
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Gyara raspberries ana bada shawara don yanke a cikin faduwa a matakin ƙasa, shekara mai zuwa raspberries za ta ba da harbe-harbe waɗanda za su faranta maka rai tare da amfanin gona.
Hop-55//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/124983/
Na kuma yanke bishiyar remont ta a bazara. Ba a farkon lokacin da babban amfanin gona yake akan raspberries. Ina da har tsakiyar Oktoba raspberries ripen. Amma a ƙarshen Oktoba, lokacin da berries suke har yanzu, amma tuni acidic, m, Na yanke rassan. Za a iya yanka a bazara. Babu bambanci sosai. Yin kwaskwarimar gyaran jiki ya samar gwargwadon yadda yanayin ya bada dama. Bar cikin dusar ƙanƙara tare da berries, idan ba a girbe shi ba. A bara, har zuwa 15 ga Oktoba, har yanzu ana tattarawa. Sannan ta yanke shi. Idan sun rayu a ƙasar koyaushe, wataƙila daga baya za su yanke shi.
Natalia Fedorovna//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/124983/
Ina da bushes na remontant raspberries har yanzu matasa, don haka sai na dauki kawai na biyu amfanin gona daga gare su. Atearshe a cikin fall Na yanka zuwa matakin tare da ƙasa. Daga harbi wanda ya girma cikin shekara ta gaba, Ina samun amfanin gona a ƙarshen watan Agusta ko Satumba. Wannan hanyar tana hana bayyanar cututtuka da kwari. Lokacin da ya yi girma, ya yi ta taurarewa, zan yanke wani sashi in bar wani sashi don ya sami ci gaba. Kodayake na karanta wani wuri cewa, yankan gabaɗaya, sun kuma sami damar tattara amfanin gona guda biyu. Tsakanin layuka Ina da 1 m, tsakanin bushes - 0.5 m. Kodayake akwai shawarwari don shuka ƙasa da yawa: 1.5 m da 0.7 m, bi da bi. Amma sanin ƙasa na, Na shuka kamar haka. Ya zuwa yanzu, bushes kawai aka mulled a wuri na. Nan gaba, idan aka rufe su a jere, sai na yi niyyar ciyawa dukkan hanyoyin. Bayan duk, raspberries son danshi. Gabaɗaya, Ina son girma remont raspberries fiye da sauki. Ko da ƙananan bushes an rufe su da amfanin gona har zuwa ƙarshen kaka.
Sem//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2455&page=2
Za a iya samu daga reram raspberries da amfanin gona biyu.AMMA ya zama dole a tuna cewa jimlar waɗannan albarkatun biyu za su kasance daidai da kaka ɗaya (tare da sake zagayowar shekara ɗaya), za a ƙara ƙarin ƙoƙari don adana harbe da aka watsar a cikin hunturu kuma don kare su daga manyan kwari da cututtuka a farkon rabin bazara. Kuma bazara (na farko) girbi na remont raspberries dandana shi ne har yanzu na baya zuwa talakawa raspberries. Idan wannan bai dame shi ba, to zaku iya gwadawa, kuma a can rayuwa zata nuna. My remont raspberries suna girma ne kawai a cikin sake zagayowar shekara guda, don girbin kaka ɗaya (tsabta daga gwoza da cututtuka), yafi girbi don hunturu.
Kolosovo//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2455&page=2
Na girma da yawa iri na gyara da talakawa raspberries. Gyaran bishiyoyi suna yin 'ya'yan itace a kan harbe na farkon shekarar girma kuma suka fara bada fruita fruitan a tsakiyar watan Agusta da kuma kafin sanyi. Ku ɗanɗani mafi alh inri a farkon rabin lokacin 'ya'yan itace, kuma zuwa ƙarshen ƙarshen dandano ya zama mafi kayan zaki. A kowane hali, Ina da haka. Amma talakawa raspberries kai 'ya'yan itace a kan harbe na shekara ta biyu na girma kuma akwai daban-daban ripening lokaci. Na yanke bishiyoyin a lokacin sanyi kuma na barsu su 3-5 cm sama da ƙasa.Wannan yana da kyau domin ku ma cire duk kwari lokacin hunturu akan harbe. Don gwajin, Na bar wani ɓangare na harbe na remont raspberries, na rage su zuwa 60 cm don shekara ta gaba kuma na lura cewa sun fara bada earliera earlieran a baya kuma 'ya'yan nunannun sun yi kyau.
Atoan wasan tumatir//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=25061&st=100
Na dasa bishiyoyi na gyara wa kaina kaina da siyarwa. Lokacin da bushes yayi girma, a cikin kaka na yanka su zuwa tushe. A shekara mai zuwa, sababbin harbe sun girma, wanda ya fara kawo 'ya'ya a watan Agusta. Maƙwabta waɗanda ba su yanke ƙawancen Rashan ba sun karɓi amfanin gona a kan rassan bara, amma na yi waka ne kawai. Sabili da haka, na yi imani cewa girbin kaka a ƙarƙashin tushe takobi ne mai kaifi biyu. Guje wa cututtuka da kwari, amma rasa farkon girbi, wanda aka fi karɓa a kasuwa.
Motrya//forum.fermeri.com.ua/viewtopic.php?f=23&p=89823
A bara, mun sayi rasberi na gyarawa, nan da nan muka rufe shi da bakin rabin rabin zurfin, kuma yana girma a ciki da kyau. Kuma tana nan tare da ni kullun a rana, ina zan iya samun inuwa a ɓangaren ta, mayafin wani abu, don yin?
Kationa82//fermernew.by/topic/431-sekrety-remontantnoi-maliny/
A aikace na, rasberi na gyarawa a gindin itacen apple ya fi kama da na rana bude. Na bayyana wannan ta ƙarshen shekarun ƙarshe, ya wajaba ga ruwa ƙari.
Elena//fermernew.by/topic/431-sekrety-remontantnoi-maliny/
Na tuna, na tuna yadda na shirya maɓuɓɓugar. Matar ta fitar da ƙwaƙwalwar gaba ɗaya tare da wannan rasberi na gyaran. Na haƙa wani maɓuɓɓuga, taki a can - da kyau, ina tsammanin wancan. Amma a'a, Na koma dazuzzuka don ƙazamar bishiyoyi, sun ma kasance a wurin maɓuɓɓugar, ƙarin ganye sun faɗi da sauransu. Amma, da gaskiya, akwai mutane da yawa da kuma manyan berries. Kuma a cikin hunturu ta ce na yanke shi duka game da 10 cm daga ƙasa.
Kaka//fermernew.by/topic/431-sekrety-remontantnoi-maliny/
A tsakiyar Rasha, domin hanzarta farkon harba girma da kuma samun mafi girma da ake samu a farkon spring daga plantings na remont raspberries, za ka iya rake dusar ƙanƙara da kuma jefa baƙar fata fim ko wasu kayan rufe uwa. A karkashin irin wannan tsari da kuma aikin hasken rana, kasar zata narke kuma tayi zafi da sauri, ciyawar tsirrai zata fara makonni 1-2 a baya. Wadannan makonni a cikin bazara zasu haifar da karuwa a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa na berries har zuwa 300-500 g a kowace murabba'in murabba'i Ina amfani da wannan hanyar daga shekara zuwa shekara, kuma godiya gareshi, Berry a kan bushes ba ya bayyana daga Agusta, amma daga farkon Yuli.
Kabilar//www.pticevody.ru/t4507-topic
Magana game da kulawa da ta dace kuma a cikin yanayin da ya dace, rawanin ramuka, a zahiri, suna ba da amfanin gona mafi girma fiye da na yau da kullun, ana fitar da fruiting sau ɗaya a kakar. Amma a nan da yawa ya dogara da lambu. Akwai isasshen nau'in al'adu waɗanda masu shayarwa ke buge don kowa ya sami ɗayan da ya fi dacewa da shi. Fasahar aikin gona ta hada da yawan ruwa da kuma hadi, kawar da bukatar daji.
