Masu kiwo a ko da yaushe suna neman dama don inganta nau'ikan rasberi da ke akwai. Manufar su shine ƙara yawan aiki da tsananin tsananin hunturu, inganta dandano da bayyanar berries. Abin takaici, ba koyaushe ake samun nau'ikan da ke cike da gamsuwa ga masu kirkirar su ba. Wannan ya faru tare da rasberi hat Monomakh - saboda rashin juriya ga cututtukan hoto, marubutan sun dakatar da aiki akan iri-iri. Ko ta yaya, halayen wannan nau'ikan suna da kyau sosai don cin nasarar ƙaunar lambu wanda ke ci gaba da haɓaka wannan rasberi akan rukuninsu.
Labarin girma raspberries Monomakh hat
Montan wasan rasberi na Monomakh ya bayyana kwanan nan. Daga mai shayarwa V.I. Kazakov babban nau'i ne mai yalwar itace. Ba a haɗa wannan nau'in cikin rajista na jihar ba kuma an dakatar da aikin sa saboda ƙaddamar da cututtukan hoto. Duk da haka, wannan rasberi yana girma da yawa masoya a Ukraine da Rasha.
Bayanin sa
Raspberry Hat Monomakh nasa ne na nau'in marigayi (ripening a tsakiyar watan Agusta) kuma daji ne na tsaka-tsakin tsayi (kimanin 1.5 m), wanda ya kunshi manyan harbe uku zuwa hudu. A cikin bayyanar, daji yayi kama da itace saboda tsananin sharar harbe da kuma saukar da firansu ke yi. Partashin ɓangaren mai tushe yana rufe da wuya, ba wuya an zube shi. A ɓangaren fruiting na harbe, ƙaya ba su nan. Rearancin ƙarfi wanda ya yi ƙasa yana da ƙasa.
Bushes ba ya bambanta a cikin girma - ba fiye da 1.5 m
The berries suna da girma sosai, tare da matsakaicin nauyin 6.5-7 g, lokaci-lokaci isa babban adadin 20 g. Tsarin 'ya'yan itacen yana da elongated-conical tare da ƙarewa mai ƙarewa, tsarin yana da yawa, wanda ke ba da izinin berries cikin sauri.
The berries duba sosai m - manyan, m siffar da arziki launi.
Kwasfa tana da launi mai laushi mai haske, mai arziki kuma yana rufe jiki mai laushi tare da dandano mai daɗin ɗanɗano da ƙamshin ƙamshin Rasberi. Daga tushe, an rarraba berries ba tare da ƙoƙari kaɗan ba.
Rasberi Ras Monomakh - bidiyo
Halaye iri-iri
Harshen Monomakh, kamar sauran nau'ikan iri, yana da alaƙa da dama da rashin amfani. Fa'idodi iri iri sun hada da:
- babban aiki - har zuwa kilogiram 5-6 na berries daga daji 1;
- tsawon lokacin fruiting, yana baka damar jin dadi sabo na dogon lokaci;
- kyakkyawan lokacin sanyi (har zuwa -25 game daC)
- gabatarwa da dandano mai kyau na 'ya'yan itacen;
- juriya kan sufuri da ajiya;
- karamin adadin spikes na samar da sauƙi na girbi.
Rashin daidaituwa na Tsarin Monomakh suna da yawa:
- ingancin berries da yawan aiki suna dogara ne akan yanayin damina (a cikin ruwan sama mai sanyi da berries sun zama ruwa);
- yin daidaituwa ga yanayin ƙasa (canji a cikin acidity ya cutar da girman girman raspberries);
- karancin ruwa yana haifar da faduwa na berries;
- karancin juriya game da cututtukan hoto, musamman galibi yanayinda ake fama da shi, in ba haka ba ana kiranta "sako-sako".
Siffofin girma raspberries Monomakh hat
Nasarar da namo zuwa babbar girma ya dogara da ingantaccen shuka.
Dokokin saukarwa
Don dasa shuki raspberries da Cap of Monomakh, yana da mahimmanci don rarraba yanki mai rana, ƙasa wacce take dumama sama daidai. Yankin saukowa ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga jerin abubuwan sanyi, saboda haka ya fi kyau dasa shuki raspberries a kudancin yankin a ƙarƙashin kariyar shinge ko gine-gine. Ya kamata a tuna cewa akai shading na raspberries sosai wanda ba a ke so.
Yakamata yakamata ya sake kusanci 1.5 - 2 m daga doron kasa, in ba haka ba tushen tsarin raspberries na iya jujjuyawa.
Soilasar ta kasance tana da tsaka tsaki, saboda yanayin Monomakh Caps shine matsanancin ƙima game da acidity ko alkalinity na ƙasa. Alkaline kasa suna acidified da peat, humus ko sabo taki. Don haɓaka acid a cikin rukunin pH, ana buƙatar 10 kg / m2 humus ko kilo 3 / m2 sabo taki.
Ana aiwatar da ƙasa ta hanyar amfani da kayan da ke ɗauke da lemun tsami: ciminti tsohon, ash kayan lambu, gari dolomite, marl. Wajibi ne a gabatar da waɗannan abubuwan tare da taka tsantsan don kada ƙasa ta sami amsawar alkaline.
Acidity na ƙasa ya dogara da nau'ikansa. Don dasa psabiyoyin Monomakh, ƙasa maras yumbu ko chernozem ya fi dacewa, sauran nau'ikan ƙasa suna buƙatar ko dai su zama ruwan sha ko karɓa
Raspberries za a iya dasa duka biyu a cikin bazara da kaka. Tsarin damina (Oktoba) shine mafi hadari, kamar yadda raspberries bazai da lokacin ɗaukar tushe kafin sanyi.
Marubucin yayi ƙoƙarin dasa bishiyoyi don yin amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin tsakiyar watan Agusta don ba ta lokacin da za a dasa. Dasa dasa harbe da aka za'ayi tare da duk yiwuwar kulawa - da safe sa'o'i, a gaba shirya, hadu da kuma moistened ƙasa. Abin baƙin ciki, yanayin ya bushe da zafi kusan har zuwa tsakiyar Satumba, kuma duk da tsananin ruwa, yawancin bushesan sun mutu. Amma yunƙurin bazara kusan nasara 100%.
Ganin irin halayen raspberries ga cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, dole ne a zabi kayan dasa a hankali kuma a saya kawai daga masu samar da amintattu. Za'a iya yada Raspberries da kansa ta hanyar harba tushe, kodayake Monomakh Hat yana samar da ƙaramin abu.
Tushen Tushen tare da wasu tushen da kuma dunƙule keɓaɓu keɓe daga keɓe daga cikin ƙwayar mahaifa kuma an dasa shi zuwa wani sabon wuri.
Don ware tushen zuriyar, a hankali bijirar da tushen raspberries, sa'an nan kuma raba zuriyar daga uwar daji
Hanyar da ta fi yawa da ake yaduwa game da theungiyar Monomakh itace itace.
Don yaduwa ta hanyar kore kore a bazara, ana tsammanin harbe-harben matasa ya bayyana a daji kuma idan suka kai tsawon 5-6 cm, an yanke su da ɗan ƙasa kaɗan na ƙasa, a haƙa tare da dunƙule ƙasa kuma a dasa su cikin makaranta ko ganga tare da ƙasa mai cike da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki. Yawancin lokaci tushen tsarin yakan inganta ne a cikin wata guda.
Yaduwa na raspberries tare da kore kore - bidiyo
Don dasa shuki da aka shirya shuka rasberi, ya zama dole don shirya rami ko rami a gaba (nisa da zurfin 30-40 cm), da aka ba shi cewa nisan da ke tsakanin tsire-tsire ya zama 0.7-1 m. Aisles yakamata yaada girman 1.5-2 don samarda kowace karamar bishiyar Rasberi tare da samun iska mai sauyawa da walkiya.
Introducedasa mai gina jiki mai hade da superphosphate (2 tablespoons) da ash (1/2 kofin) an gabatar da su cikin rami na dasa shuki.
An sanya sapling tare da daskarar da tushen a cikin rami kuma Tushen an rufe shi da ƙasa, densifying shi a cikin yadudduka kuma tabbatar cewa an cika wurare masu tsaran-tsalle-tsalle. Dole ne tushen wuyan ya zauna a matakin ƙasa.
Ana shayar da tsiron bushes a cikin nauyin 1 guga a kowace shuka, sannan ƙasa a kusa da tushe an mulched tare da humus, peat ko cakuda su (lokacin farin ciki Layer 5 ... 10 cm).
Dasa remontant raspberries - bidiyo
Ka’idojin asali na girma
Don cikakken haɓaka raspberries, watering, kayan miya da kulawa na ƙasa suna da mahimmanci. Ba dole ne a kafa daji ba, tunda tsayinsa bai yi girma sosai ba, kuma mai kazanta yana da ƙarfi sosai baya buƙatar tallafi. A cikin yankunan da iska mai ƙarfi, kawai idan, zaku iya ɗaure mai tushe zuwa trellis-jere guda ɗaya.
Yin ruwa don raspberries yana da matukar muhimmanci, tunda tare da karancin ruwa, girman 'ya'yan itacen ya ragu sosai,' yan itacen sun bushe. Amma lokacin da aka dawo da tsarin ruwa (shayarwa na yau da kullun kowace rana 15-18 tare da zurfin bushewa na ƙasa), berriesan itacen yana ƙaruwa daidai a gaban idanunmu.
Rasberi miya
Ana ciyar da Raspberries sau 3 a kowace kakar tare da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya. Ana aiwatar da suturar farko kafin fure, to - a lokacin samuwar ovary da kuma bayan girbi. Ma'adinan ma'adinai ana buƙatar amfani dashi matsakaici - ƙasa mai mamaye tare da abubuwan gina jiki yana da lahani ga shuka.
Kafin ciyarwa, kuna buƙatar sako ciyawa da kuma kwance ƙasa zuwa zurfin 9-10 cm, da hankali kada ku taɓa tushen.
Yawancin lokaci, ana kara ma'adanai a cikin ciyarwa na farko - suna narkewa a cikin guga na ruwa uku matchboxes na superphosphate da 2 matchboxes na potassium sulfate da ammonium nitrate, bushes da aka samu ta hanyar cakuda ana shayar da su.
Daga takin gargajiya na Kayan Monomakh, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da jiko na tsuntsu wanda aka narkar da shi da ruwa a cikin rabo 1:20. Lokacin amfani da jiko na mullein, adadin dilution shine 1:10.
Wani lokacin farin ciki mulching Layer na gina jiki (humus ko peat gauraye da urea) za'a iya sanya shi a kusa da bushes kamar taki. Wannan ciyayi yana buƙatar sabunta shi bayan girbin.
Haɗar sama da rero raspberries - bidiyo
Pruning bushes
Pruning rasberi bushes mafi yawa ana yin sa a cikin bazara (cire mai tushe wanda suka bushe a lokacin hunturu) kuma a cikin kaka, bayan girbi (ana yanke harbe-harbe). Wasu lambu suna ciyar da cikakke kayan girbe na raspberries don hunturu, kamar yadda a cikin wannan tsari yana da sauƙin rufe tare da kayan dumama.
Tun da Monomakh Hat nau'in gyara ne, yana kawo raƙuman ruwa 2 na girbi: na farkon a tsakiyar watan Agusta kuma na biyun a kaka, a rabin rabin Satumba. Abin baƙin ciki, a cikin sanyi canjin yanayin da berries na biyu amfanin gona ba su da lokaci zuwa ripen kuma, Ta haka ne, bushes nuna su m damar kawai da rabi. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ba lallai ba ne don yanke bushes gaba ɗaya don hunturu - kuna buƙatar iyakance kanku don cire mai tushe waɗanda suka yadu. Sannan matasa harbe na shekara mai zuwa zasu sami lokaci don samar da farkon (kuma kawai don yanayin sanyi) raƙuman amfanin gona.
Bayan mun girbe, an yanke tushe mai tushe zuwa tushen
A cikin yankuna na kudanci, raspberries sun sami damar ba da amfanin gona guda biyu, amma idan kuna so, zaku iya gudanar da shi azaman amfanin gona na shekara-shekara, gaba daya yankan daji kafin farkon yanayin sanyi. A wannan yanayin, amfanin gona zai zama ɗaya - kaka, a kan harbe-harbe matasa, amma dangane da ƙarar irin wannan amfanin gona yawanci ba shi da yawa da adadin berries da aka samu "a cikin raƙuman ruwa biyu."
Kwaro da kariya daga cuta
Tun da Monomakh Hat yana ba da ƙarshen girbi, kwari masu cutarwa ba safai suna haifar da lalacewa ba. Duk da haka, prophylaxis da rasberi irin ƙwaro, rasberi tashi da gizo-gizo mite bazai zama daga wurin. Da farko dai, ya wajaba a kiyaye kasar gona a cikin tsabta a tsabtace daga bishiyoyi kuma a sassauta shi a kai a kai domin lalata larvae na kwaro, kazalika da cire duk datti na shuka.
Za a iya kula da busassun ƙwaro irin ƙwaro tare da jiko na tansy (1 kg na sabo ne tansy an dafa shi a cikin 5 l na ruwa don awa 0.5, sannan a gauraya tare da jiko zuwa 10 l), kuma Confidor da Spark shirye-shirye zasu taimaka a kan raspan itacen rasberi da kuma ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo (feshi kafin fure).
Sarƙar Pyawar ƙwayar Rasberi - bidiyo
Babban koma baya na omungiyar Monomakh shine ya shawo kan cututtukan hoto, musamman “sako-sako”, wanda a cikin bushes ɗin ya zama dwarf, kuma arean itacen ya yi ƙanƙanuwa da crumble. Wani lokaci kwayar cutar ba ta tasiri da girma na bushes kuma tsire-tsire marasa lafiya ana iya ƙaddara kawai lokacin da amfanin gona ya bayyana. Sau da yawa, idan cutar ta kasance sako-sako, za a ga asarar launin farantin ganye a tsakanin jijiyoyin da kuma bayyanar wata kyakyawar mose mai launin rawaya.
Kusan ba zai yuwu ba mu magance cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo Marasa lafiya bushes bukatar a haƙa sama da kuma hallaka. Don hana cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, kuna buƙatar yaƙi da aphids, nematodes da cicadas.
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Monomakh hat. A daji kunshi 3-4 iko, dan kadan wilted, fizge harbe. Spikes ne rare, amma m, mai da hankali a cikin ƙananan ɓangare na kara. An rarrabe shi ta hanyar manyan berries marasa ƙarfi (matsakaicin nauyi - 6.5-6.9 g, matsakaicin fiye da 10-15 g, a cikin sassan lambu har zuwa 20 g, girman matsakaicin plum). A berries ne elongated, bluntly conical, m, yaƙutu a launi, gamsuwa rabu daga tushe. Bunkasar 'ya'yan itace yana farawa ne a tsakiyar watan Agusta; Potentialarancin haɓaka yana da girma sosai - har zuwa kilogiram 5.5 na ganyayyaki daga daji, amma, kafin a fara ruwan sanyi, kusan rabin amfanin gonar yana da lokacin yinsa (kilogiram 2-2.5 daga daji).
YARYA//dv0r.ru/forum/index.php?topic=9.msg44
Babban gyaran-kayan itace da aka zaɓi na Kazakova I.V. Isan daji yayi ƙasa (1.5 m), a cikin kamannin itaciya Potarancin samarwa yana da girma sosai har zuwa kilogiram 5.5 na berries daga daji.The iri suna neman karin kulawa. Grade na XXI karni.
Dmitro, Donetsk//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=1582&start=540
A kan buƙatata ta wannan nau'in na samu daga Evdokimenko S.N. (Mataimakin KAZAKOVA) irin wannan amsar: "Monomakh's cap ba a rajista ba. Ya kamu da cutar sosai kuma mun dakatar da yada shi. Ina tsammanin cewa a cikin tsarkakakkiyar yanayin ba zai yiwu ya kasance ko'ina ba."
maxinform1938//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=1582&start=540
Rasomberi Hat Monomakh tare da daidaitaccen kulawa zai ba da amfanin gona mai ban mamaki idan an dasa shi a kan ƙasa tsaka tsaki kuma an shayar da shi sosai. Wani mummunan koma-baya shine dabi'ar kamuwa da cuta ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, amma tare da kawar da cututtukan daji na zamani, wannan nau'in zai iya zama mai girma kuma ya ji daɗin manyan furanni masu daɗi.
