Pak-choy kabeji na kasar Sin: shawarwari don namowa da kulawa

Pak Choi al'adar Asiya ce ta gargajiya, wadda kwanan nan ta sami karbuwa ga masu noman Turai da Amurka. Ya dace da namo a Rasha. Kabeji na kasar Sin ba shi da ma'ana, ba musamman zafin-zafi ba, baya sanya manyan buƙatu a kan ingancin substrate. A lokaci guda, ana kamanta shi da balagarsa ta asali da kuma kyakkyawan aiki, yana da amfani sosai ga lafiya.

Yaya kabeji na kasar Sin yayi kama?

Kamar yadda kuke tsammani, mahaifar kabeji ta kasar Sin ce. Hakanan ya shahara sosai a Koriya da Japan. A cikin Asiya, an yi girma fiye da shekaru dubu biyar. An san al'adun ta hanyar sunayen lakabi "pak-choi" ("kunnen doki") da "kabeji mustard." Kada ku rikita shi da kabeji Peking, waɗannan suna kusa da "dangi", amma har yanzu sun bambanta, daga ra'ayi na nerds, al'adu. Wani nau'in kabeji irin wanda Carl Linnaeus ya yi la'akari da shi. Amma masana ilimin kimiyyar kere-kere na zamani sun yi imani da cewa ya fi kama da turni.

Pak-choy kabeji na kasar Sin ya girma a cikin Asiya fiye da shekaru dubu biyar

Pekin kabeji a waje da Asiya an san shi sosai fiye da na Sinanci. Sabili da haka, galibi suna rikicewa. Babban bambancin dake tsakaninsu shine na farkon ya fitar da kai. Ta ganye suna da yawa paler, kusan fari, wrinkled, tare da gefuna gefuna. Dandalin kabeji na kasar Sin yana da kyau, yana bayar da amfanin gona da sauri.

Ba shi yiwuwa a rikitar da kabejin kasar Sin da kabejin Peking ga wanda ya ga dukkan su biyun, babban bambanci shi ne kasancewar shugaban kabeji

A inji alama quite sabon abu. Wannan kabeji baya samar da shugabannin kabeji. Zai yi wahala sosai a bambanta shi da letas ko alayyafo, in ba don haɓakar halayyar da ke tushe daga tushe ba. A tsayi, '' '' '' '' '' Rosluste '' ganye sun kai 0,5 m, matsakaicin matsakaici shine 35-40 cm.Romosles na farin ko launin salatin ana matse su sosai ga juna, suna samar da wani abu mai kama da albasa, don haka tsirrai suke cike suke. Zurfin wannan lokacin farin ciki mafi yawanci basa wuce cm 5-10, nauyi - 100-250 g.Yawan kwaikwayon ya nuna cewa ire-iren kyawawan tsire-tsire suna da tsayayya da tushe.

A rosette na kabeji na kasar Sin na iya zama m, kuma yaduwa sosai, ya dogara da iri-iri

Ganyen launuka daban-daban na kore tare da launin toka-mai launin toka, mai fitowar jijiyoyi. Suna santsi zuwa taɓawa. Farfajiya na iya zama kusan ɗakin kwana ko kuma ƙura mai laushi.

Ganyen kabeji na kasar Sin yana da taushi, tare da halayyar ɗabi'a mai ɗaci.

Ciyar a cikin kabeji na kasar Sin da ganye, da petioles. Pa karo na farko, su dandana kamar kadan alayyafo ko seleri, na biyu kuma wani abu ne tsakanin bishiyar asparagus da gwoza ganye, amma ya fi kyau. A gida, a cikin Asiya, ana shirya mafi yawan salatin daga gare ta, ana cinye sabo. Sauran ganye, qwai, Peas kore, masara, albasa, tafarnuwa, radish, har ma an ƙara ginger da tangerines a cikin kabeji na kasar Sin. Ko da a Koriya, abincin abincin kimchi (sauerkraut mai yaji da barkono mai zafi) ya shahara sosai. Kuna iya maye gurbin kabeji na kasar Sin da aka saba da miya a cikin miya, shirya jita-jita gefen gefen shi. Yayin maganin zafi, yakan canza dandano zuwa mai daɗi, ba tare da rasa kaifin halayensa ba. Amma suna tafasa, toya shi da daddawa na ɗan gajeren lokaci - ganyayyaki suna da matukar muni.

Kabeji na kasar Sin mai tushe shine tushen yawancin bitamin da ma'adanai da jiki ke buƙata

Daya daga cikin mahimmancin mahimmancin al'adu shine farkon balaga. Kabeji za a iya yanka kwanaki 20-25 bayan canjawa seedlings zuwa gonar. Kuma a cikin gidajen katako da hotbeds - makonni 2-3 bayan fitowar. Dangane da haka, koda a yanayin yanayi mai zafi, zaku iya samun amfanin gona 2-3 a bazara. Hakanan, unpretentiousness, sanyi juriya, da kuma sosai high yawan aiki taimako zuwa ga shahararsa tsakanin Rasha lambu. Dole ne mu manta game da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya.

Matsakaicin zafin jiki don haɓakar shine 15-20 ° C. Idan ya hau zuwa 25 ° C da sama, kunar rana a jiki a cikin ganyayyaki mai yiwuwa ce. Al'adar sanyi tana da tsauri (tana jure sanyi zuwa -5-7 ° C), amma wannan ya shafi tsirrai. Idan an shuka seedlings cikin wuri, da wuri kusan babu makawa, musamman a cikin yanayin tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana.

Wataƙila ɓarkewar shuka kawai ita ce lokacin da ta kai matsakaicin girmanta, ganyayyaki da petioles suna da wuyar gani, ƙwayoyin filoli suna bayyana a cikinsu. Sabili da haka, a gida sun fi so su yanke suttura waɗanda suka kai tsayin 15-20 cm. Ganyen su yana da taushi da juji. Bayan yankan, ana kafa sabon harbi da sauri.

Kabeji na kasar Sin yana da alaƙa da babban abun ciki na bitamin (A, C, E, P, P, rukunin B) da mahimmancin amino acid, musamman lysine, a hade tare da ƙarancin kalori (13 kcal ga 100 g). Tare da yin amfani da yau da kullun a abinci, ingantacciya ne na rigakafin atherosclerosis, yana taimakawa ƙarfafa rigakafi, rabu da ciwo mai wahala, haɓaka aikin tunani da jiki, da kuma daidaita haɓakawar jini.

Masana ilimin abinci suna ba da shawarar ga waɗanda suke son su cire ƙarin fam kuma su daidaita ƙwayar hanji da hanta. Akwai shaidar bincike cewa kabeji na kasar Sin yana taimakawa ci gaban ciwace-ciwacen daji, gami da marassa lafiya, saboda kasancewar glucosinolates, waɗanda ke ba shi ɗanɗano mai ɗaci. Hakanan yana da arziki a cikin magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, baƙin ƙarfe, antioxidants, fiber da sitaci.

Babban abun ciki na bitamin A da folic acid, wanda ke hana rikicewar ci gaban tayin, ya sanya kabejin kasar Sin da matukar amfani ga mata masu juna biyu.

A cikin maganin gargajiya na kasar Sin da na Tibet, ruwan 'ya'yan kabeji na kasar Sin ana amfani da shi sosai, musamman a hade da farin kwai. Ana amfani dashi don warkar da raunuka, raunuka, kumburi, ƙonewa.

Ruwan kabeji na kasar Sin ya dade yana amfani da maganin mutane

Akwai contraindications. Ba a shawarar kabeji na kasar Sin a cikin abincin don masu ciwon sukari ba. Tsarin metabolism a cikin wannan yanayin ya riga ya lalace, yana iya haifar da ƙarin rushewar jijiyoyin ciki har ma ga wanene. Hakanan, ba a ba da shawarar wannan kabeji don matsaloli tare da glandar thyroid ba. Tare da yawan wuce kima, zai iya haifar da matsaloli tare da shayewar aidin.

Bidiyo: Fa'idodi na kiwon lafiya na cho choi

Yawancin nau'ikan

A Rasha, yawancin kabeji na kasar Sin na zabin cikin gida galibi suna girma. Yawancin su suna da wuri, wanda zai ba ku damar samun amfanin gona da yawa a kowace kakar, har ma a cikin Urals da Siberiya. Yawancin nau'ikan da suka fi shahara tare da lambu:

• Alyonushka. Mafi na kowa iri-iri a cikin Rasha, Jihar Register ne shawarar don sabo amfani. Za'a iya yanka ganye bayan kwanaki 45 bayan fitowan. Suna da ƙanana kaɗan, koren duhu a launi tare da launin toka mai launin toka, a cikin babban faɗin ƙarfe ko kusan zagaye. Farfajiyar tayi laushi ko dan kadan. Tsawon tsayin tsalle - 8-15 cm, suna da kauri sosai, da bakin ciki. Man petioles ne suka samar da yawan adadin tsiro, wanda ya kai 1.8 kg. Yawan aiki yana da girma - har zuwa 9 kg / m².
• Vesnyanka. Daga ɓarnatar da shukawa zuwa tsiron amfanin gona yana ɗaukar kwanaki 25-35. Za'a iya yanka ganye na farko a cikin sati biyu. Ganye ba su tsallake, kore mai haske ko letas, mai santsi, tare da dan kadan wavy gefen. Tsarin tsakiya yana da fadi da yawa. Matsakaicin nauyin "albasa" shine 250 g. Ganye tare da 1 m² yana karɓar kimanin kilogram 1.7. An bambanta nau'ikan da babban abun ciki na bitamin C, kyakkyawan iyawa. A takaice dai da wuya yana fama da kwayar cuta, mai tsayayya da fitina.
• Goluba F1. Tsawonsa da diamita na bakin ciki yakai cm 40. Ganyen suna da matsakaici, launin salatin, mai laushi. Petioles gajere ne, kuma m, m. Matsakaicin nauyin shuka shine 0.6-0.9 kg. Yawan aiki - 6 kg / m² ko ƙari kaɗan.
• Corolla. Daya daga cikin novelties na zaɓi. Da dama matsakaici ripening. Fitar waje yana da ƙasa (har zuwa 20 cm), amma yana yaduwa (40 cm a diamita). Ganyen suna da matsakaici, masu koren kore, mai cike da launuka masu ma'ana "ƙanƙara" da gefuna masu santsi. Petiole lebur ne, kunkuntar kuma gajere. Matsakaicin nauyin shuka ya kai 1 kg. Yawan aiki - 5 kg / m².
• Walira Daga bayyanar seedlings don yanke ganye, kwanaki 35-45 wuce. Ganyen suna da haske kore, tare da gefuna masu santsi, kusan suna da laushi. Mafi yawan taro na shuka (kimanin 2/3) shine petioles. Su ne masu launin fata, mai laushi, masu launin kore. Matsakaicin nauyi na kanti ɗaya shine 1.5-3 kg. An yaba da nau'ikan da yawa don dandano da babban abun ciki na bitamin C, juriya mai kyau da kwayoyin cuta. Ba ya wahala daga flaccidity.
• Swan Matsakaicin lokacin aji. Za iya girma a bude ƙasa da kuma a cikin greenhouses, greenhouses. Rosette na ganye ne m, low. Petioles fararen fata ne, elongated, wide. Ganyen suna kanana, m. Yawan aiki yana da girma - 5.5-7.7 kg / m². Yawan taro na kowace shuka shine kilogram 1.1-1.5. Ya kawo amfanin gona ko da ba musamman m yanayin yanayi, tolerates thickened plantings.
• Mu'ujiza violet. Ofaya daga cikin sabbin nasarorin mai shayarwa, ya fito tare da inuwa na ganye. Su masu launin furanni ne, masu kauri, mai kauri tare da murfin laka mai laushi “kakin zuma”. Farfajiya ta kumbura, gefuna suna matse jiki sosai. Petioles fitila ce, ɗan ƙaramin ɗaukar hoto. Yawan aiki - 2.25 kg / m², nauyin shuka - 0.45 kg.
• Pava. Da dama matsakaici ripening. Daga fitowar seedlings zuwa yanke greenery yana ɗaukar kwanaki 57-60. Ana iya girma a cikin kore ko kuma ba tare da tsari. Ya dace da sabon amfani, baya rasa fa'idarsa yayin jinya. Petioles suna da laushi sosai, mai daɗi, mai crispy. Tsarin tsiro ya bambanta daga 1 kg zuwa kilogiram 2, wadataccen fili - daga 4.8 kg / m² zuwa 10.2 kg / m². Iri-iri ba ya shiga kibiya, yana kawo amfanin gona lokacin dasa shuki a cikin inuwa kuma tare da tsawan tsiro. Bar da petioles ana kiyaye su da kyau.
• Chill. Matsakaicin lokacin aji. Tsawon kanti yakai kusan 35 cm, diamita tayi karami. Ganyen suna da matsakaici, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, mai kama da kwai. Farfajiyar tayi sosai. Petioles suna da yawa, launin salatin. An kimanta bambancin don kyakkyawan dandano mai kyau kuma mai kyau (6.7 kg / m²) yawan aiki. Matsakaicin nauyin shuka ya kai kilogiram 1.5.
• Yuna. Fitocin waje yana da tsayi sama da 30 cm ko ɗan ƙaramin girma, diamitarsa ​​ita ce cm 50. Ganyayyaki masu matsakaici ne a girma, a siffar ruɓi, a cikin kore mai zurfi. Farfajiya tayi kumbura, gefenta suna taƙama, wani lokacin kuma dan kadan take watsa. Petioles gajere ne, kunkuntar, dan kadan concave, na inuwa salatin. Matsakaicin nauyin shuka shine 0.8-1 kg. Yawan aiki - 5 kg / m².
• Onyx. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 45-55. Aƙalla 2/3 na taro na tsiro ya ƙunshi farin-kore petioles. Ganyen ganye kamar kayan ado ne. Tsawonta shine 40-45 cm, diamita shine 5-10 cm fiye. Ganyen suna kanana, santsi. An kimanta bambancin don dandano, yawan aiki, safarar su.

Hotunan Hoto: Canyen Kabeji na Chinesean Kasar Sin na gama gari a Rasha

Hanyar saukowa da kuma shirya shi

Ana iya girma kabeji na kasar Sin a cikin seedling kuma daga tsaba. Kusan duk amfanin gona ya dace da ita kamar magabata, sai dai wasu nau'in kabeji, radish, daikon, radish, rutabaga. Idan akwai wata manufa ta 'yantar da tsaba ba tare da izini ba, ana shuka kabejin kasar Sin daga Peking. Tare da sauran "dangi" ba a haɗa su da shi ba.

Akan shirya gado don dasawa a cikin kaka. Al'adar ba ta da kyau musamman game da ingancin ƙasa, amma yana da kyau a ƙara haɓaka ƙwayar substrate ta hanyar ƙara humus ko takin da aka huda (10-12 l da 1 p / m) yayin haƙa. Balanceididdigar acid-ƙasa na ƙasa tsaka tsaki ne ko ɗan acidic. Abinda kawai bai dace dashi ba shine maimaicin peat mai nauyi. Zaɓin da ya fi dacewa shine loam ko loam.

Kabeji na kasar Sin ba ya yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye, mafi kyawun zaɓi don ita ce inuwa mai haske

Dankin yana yarda da inuwa da inuwa, kusan ba ya shafar yawan aiki. Amma wuraren buɗe al'adu ba za su yi aiki ba. Idan bazara tayi zafi, kunar rana a jiki kusan babu makawa.

Don adana sarari a shafin, za a iya dasa kabeji na kasar Sin tsakanin layuka na cucumbers da tumatir. Girma, waɗannan tsire-tsire za su ƙirƙiri wani nau'in "zane" wanda ke kare shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye.

Wood ash - asalin halitta asalin potassium da phosphorus

Kabeji na kasar Sin, kamar sauran albarkatun gona na asalin Asiya, yana mayar da martani game da taki mai kyau. Daga cikin takin zamani, superphosphate da nitrate na potassium suna da amfani a gareta (na tablespoon ta 1 m²). Kuna iya maye gurbinsu da itacen ash. Dolomite gari ko ƙwannayen kwanon ƙwanƙwasa zuwa gari mai ƙarawa an ƙara ƙasa da ƙasa mai acidic. Suna daidaita kasar gona da sinadarin kals, wanda kowane kabeji yake kauna.

Dolomite gari - bashi da tasirin sakamako lokacin lura da sashi, mai deoxidizing wakili mai cike da abun tare da alli

Seedlings ana shuka su ne a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Maris. Al'adar ba ta yarda da ɗaukar hoto ko dasa shi da kyau ba, saboda haka ana shuka su da yawa a cikin tukwane na peat tare da diamita na 8-10 cm, sannan a canza shi zuwa gado tare da tanki. Lingsa Seedan developwaya suna haɓaka da sauri, ana yin jigilar riga kafin 20-25 bayan fitowar. A wannan lokacin, ya kamata seedlings ya sami ganye na 4-5 na gaskiya. Tsakanin layuka sun bar kusan 40 cm, tazara tsakanin tsire-tsire shine 35-50 cm.

Lingsalingsan da aka dasa a cikin tukwane na peat za a iya hawa zuwa ƙasa ba tare da cire shi daga cikin tanki ba

Kafin dasa, ana girbe tsaba a kwata na awa daya a cikin thermos tare da ruwan zafi (50 ° C), sannan a zahiri na minti daya ana nutsuwa dasu cikin sanyi. Don haɓaka ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, suna narkewa na tsawon sa'o'i 10-12 a cikin wani bayani na biostimulant (Epin, potassium humate, succinic acid, ruwan 'ya'yan aloe). Don hana haɓakar cututtukan fungal - minti 15-20 ana amfani da su a cikin maganin maganin ƙwayoyin cuta (Topaz, Baikal-EM, Alirin-B, Fitosporin-M).

Tsarin kabeji na kasar Sin ya fara shirye-shiryen dasa shuki, magani na kashe-kashe yana da matukar muhimmanci ga rigakafin cututtukan fungal

Kwantena suna cike da kowane abin da aka sayi kayan girki na shuka, ƙara ɗan ƙara alli ko ash. Ana shuka tsaba, ana binne su da cm 2-3. poasashen tukwanen sun juya zuwa cikin gidajen ƙasa, an rufe su da gilashi ko fim, ana ajiye su a wuri mai duhu har zuwa fitowar su. Sannan suna canzawa zuwa windowsill na gabas ko taga na kudu. Mafi yawan zafin jiki shine 18-22 ° C yayin rana kuma 14-18 ° C da dare. Ana shayar da kabeji na kasar Sin sau da yawa, amma a sarari, koyaushe yana riƙe da substrate a cikin yanayin ɗan daɗaɗɗa, amma ba juya shi cikin fadama ba.

Kafin da kuma bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, ana shayar da kabeji na kasar Sin sosai

Don sauƙaƙe don tsire-tsire don daidaitawa a cikin sabon wuri, sun fara taurara kusan mako guda kafin dasa shuki. Da farko, an bar 'ya'yan itacen a cikin iska na ɗan gajeren lokaci, sannan a hankali ƙara tsawon lokacin da aka kashe akan titi zuwa awa 12-14. Gardenersarin lambu mafi gogaggen ya ba da shawarar dakatar da shayarwa kwanaki 4 kafin dasa shuki, kuma ya sanya ƙasa ta yi rabin sa'a kafin ta.

Bidiyo: yadda ake shuka tsiran kabeji

An kuma zubar da rijiyoyin sosai da ruwa. A kasan sanya dintsi na humus, kamar wata pinches na itace ash da kadan albasa husk (yana repels karin kwari).Yayinda tsire-tsire da aka shuka ba su fara girma ba, an shigar da arcs sama da gado, suna rufe shi da kowane farin kaya mai rufewa ta cikin iska.

Lokacin dasa shuki tsaba kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa game da mako guda kafin hanya, an zubar da gado tare da bayani mai ruwan hoda na potassium permanganate kuma an ƙarfafa shi tare da fim. Asa kafin da bayan dasa shuki tsaba na kasar Sin kabeji dole ne a moistened.

Tsakanin layuka sun bar cm 30-40. lingsalingsan itace suna bayyana bayan kimanin kwanaki 7-9, idan an zurfafa tsaba da kusan cm 1 Kafin wannan, an rufe gado da polyethylene, farin agrospan, spanbond. Sprouts ana shayar da sau biyu a mako kuma kawai tare da ruwa mai ɗumi.

Tsarin kabeji na kasar Sin yana ba da sprouts da sauri

A lokaci na ganye na biyu na gaske, ana shuka tsiron tsiron, ya bar 20-25 cm tsakanin tsirrai .. Lokacin da ganye na uku ya bayyana, ana kara humus a cikin tushen. Aiki ya nuna cewa a wannan yanayin, tsire-tsire suna haɓaka da sauri.

"Extraarin" seedlings ana yanka tare da almakashi ko pinched kusa da ƙasa. Don dasa ƙari ko uniformasa da uniform, ana haɗe tsaba da yashi.

An fitar da tsiran kabeji na kasar Sin ta yadda kowace shuka ta samu isasshen sarari don abinci mai gina jiki

Kabeji na kasar Sin shine ɗan gajeren hasken rana. Don kada ya shiga cikin kibiya, ana dasa shi a tsakiyar bazara, ko a ƙarshen damina. Mayu da Yuni lokaci ne da ba daidai ba idan zaɓaɓɓun nau'ikan ba su tsayayya wa furanni ba.

Nasihun Kula Kula da Iyaye

Kabeji na kasar Sin ba shi da ma'ana sosai. Amfanin gona ya tsiro da wuri sosai, saboda haka abin da ake buƙata daga mai gonar shine yake jan ciyawar, sakin gadaje, hadi da shayarwa. Latterarshe yana da mahimmanci. Kamar kowane kabeji, pak-choi tsire ne mai ƙauna.

Duk matasa matasa na kabeji na kasar Sin da na tsire-tsire masu girma suna buƙatar shayarwa

Tushen tsarin kabejin kasar Sin ba najasa bane, Tushen ya shiga cikin kasar da yawanci ya kai cm 15 Saboda haka, yayyafa hanya mafi kyau wacce za'a shayar dashi. Zuba ruwa a gindin mashigar ruwa wanda ba a ke so ba ne - danyen Tushen ya bushe da sauri. Idan titin yana a mafi yawan zafin jiki na al'ada, ana yin shayarwa kowace rana sau 2-3, ana amfani da kusan lita 20 na ruwa a cikin 1 m². A cikin zafi, ana shayar da kabejin kasar Sin a kullun ko ma sau biyu a rana. A maraice, zaku iya fesa ganyen. Ciyawa zai taimaka wajen riƙe danshi a cikin ƙasa. Tana adana lokaci a kan shuka. Duk wani abu wanda ba na peat da sabo ba ne ya dace - suna ƙarfafa acid ɗin ƙasa, wanda galibi yakan haifar da ci gaban keel.

Mulching da gadaje ceton da lambu lokacin on watering da weeding

Idan tayi ruwa sosai a lokacin rani, tsire-tsire na iya jujjuyawa. Don kare gado daga danshi fiye da kima, zaku iya amfani da fim ko kayan mayafi da aka shimfiɗa akan arcs.

Lokacin girma na kabeji na kasar Sin yana da gajeru sosai, saboda haka kowane takin ƙasa na ma'adinai, musamman takin nitrogen, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga tarawar nitrates a cikin ganyayyaki da petioles, gaba ɗaya an cire su. Don nau'ikan farkon-ripening, manyan riguna biyu sun isa, don tsakiyar ripening - uku. Na farko ana aiwatar da kwanaki 5-7 bayan dasawa seedlings a cikin ƙasa ko lokacin da aka kafa ganye 5-6 a cikin seedlings a gonar. Na biyu da na uku (idan ya cancanta) - tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 10-12. An shayar da kabeji na kasar Sin tare da jiko na itacen ash, ganye mai kaɗa, dandelion, da sauran ciyawa. Daga takin zamani na kantin sayar da kayayyaki, duk wata hanyar da ta dogara da vermicompost ya dace. Yawan amfani da kusan lita ne a kowace shuka.

Nettle jiko - cikakken halitta taki

Bidiyo: Experiencewarewar Girma Pak Choy

Kabeji na kasar Sin a cikin wani greenhouse

Tsarin kabeji na kasar Sin ya riga ya girma a 4-5 ° C, saboda haka ana iya shuka shi a cikin greenhouse a cikin bazara. Mai aikin gona zai sami lokacin girbi kafin lokacin ya zo ya shuka cucumbers, tumatir, ganye, da sauran albarkatu. Idan greenhouse yana mai tsanani, yana yiwuwa ya shuka tsaba a farkon kwanakin goma na Maris, idan ba haka ba, a farkon Afrilu. Tona ƙasa a faɗo, ƙara humus, zubar 2% jan karfe na jan karfe ko ruwan hoda mai haske na ƙwaƙwalwar potassium. Don ƙarin lalata a cikin gidan kore, zaku iya ƙona ɗan ƙaramin buɗaɗɗen sulfuric.

Tare da hayakin mai zafi, ana iya shuka kabejin kasar Sin a shekara-shekara

Lokacin dasawa, suna manne da irin makirci kamar na bude ƙasa. Amfani da keɓaɓɓun kafin da kuma bayan yana da kyau moisturized. Kafin fitowar, zazzabi kimanin 20 ° C kyawawa ne. Sannan kimanin mako guda ana saukar da shi zuwa 10-12 ° C. Furtherarin gaba, kafin girbi, mafi kyawun alamar shine 16-18 ° C.

Aukar da ke girma suna yin thinned sau biyu a ƙarshen mako, barin tsakanin tsire-tsire 10-15 cm farko, sannan 30-35 cm. Shayar kamar yadda topsoil ta bushe. Kuna iya yin ba tare da ciyarwa ba. Ko kuma amfani da jiko na itace ash.

Kabeji na kasar Sin da aka dasa a farkon bazara a cikin greenhouse kusan bai taba fama da cututtuka da kwari ba. Ga mafi yawansu har yanzu yana da sanyi sosai, larvae, qwai da spores na naman gwari kawai ba su da lokaci don "farka" daga rashin himma.

Kabeji na kasar Sin na gida a gida

Za a iya sake yin amfani da tushen mashigin kabeji na kasar Sin game da 5 cm sama, yana samun ganye a gida bayan yankan. Wani zaɓi kuma shine dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ya tattara sauran albarkatu na 2-3. Mafi sauƙin shuka da dirin da "kwan fitila" a gindi, mafi kyau.

An sanya "kasan" a ƙasa a cikin akwati mai zurfi tare da ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakin ɗakinta wanda tushe ne kawai zai taɓa shi. A baya, an bincika "kayan abu" - kada a sami burbushi na turɓaya, danshi, lalata kwaro. Ya kamata a ajiye akwati a wuri mai sanyi, amma ba a cikin firiji, ya kamata a canza ruwa yau da kullun. Yawancin haske ba ya buƙatar kabeji na kasar Sin, amma zafi ba a ke so. Tana ba da tushen sosai da sauri, a zahiri a cikin kwanaki 3-4. Fresh ganye za su bayyana nan da nan.

Tushen cikin ruwa "kututture" na kabeji na kasar Sin ya ba da a cikin 'yan kwanaki

Bayan wannan, ana iya yin shuka a hankali, tare da tuna cewa tushen tsarin kabeji na kasar Sin yana da matukar rauni, a watsa shi cikin akwati cike da kowane ƙasa na duniya don tsirrai na cikin gida tare da ƙari na itacen ash ko ƙyalƙyallen ƙwaya. A kasan tukunyar, ana buƙatar ƙaramin tsararre na cm cm 2 cm. Watering bayan dasawa ne ci gaba ne kawai a lokacin da shuka fara da nuna sabon ganye.

Ganyen dake fitowa daga "kututture" an yanke su yayin da suke girma

Riƙe tukunyar a kan tebur na taga yana fuskantar arewa, arewa maso yamma. Lokacin da titin yake a zazzabi mai dacewa, zaku iya ɗaukar shi zuwa baranda. Idan kibiya fure ta bayyana, yanzun nan sai a yanke ta.

Ana shayar da kabeji na kasar Sin sosai, amma sau da yawa, kowane kwanaki 2-3. Zai yuwu a yi ba tare da saka miya ba. A lokacin rani, don ƙirƙirar gajeren lokacin hasken rana da ake buƙata, yana da kyau a rufe tsire na awanni 12-14 tare da jakar filastik mara nauyi mai yawa. In ba haka ba, musamman idan ba'a kiyaye yawan zafin da ake so ba, kibiya tayi sauri.

Bidiyo: yadda ake shuka kabeji daga "kututture"

Cututtuka masu takamaiman-al'ada, kwari da sarrafa su

Lokacin ciyayi na kabeji na kasar Sin yayi gajere, rigakafi yana da kyau kwarai idan aka kwatanta da "dangi". Yawancin kwari suna tsoratar da su ta mai mahimmancin mai a cikin ganyayyaki a babban taro. Amma wannan al'ada ba gaba daya rigakafi daga harin pathogenic fungi da kwari.

Daga cikin kwari don kabeji na kasar Sin mafi hatsari sune:

• Kishi mai gurnani. Karin kwari da larvae suna ciyar da kyallen tsirrai, a zahiri cikin couplean kwanaki biyu suna juya ganyen cikin wani abu mai kama da colander. Mako guda bayan dasawa ko biyu bayan fitowar seedling, an yayyafa ƙasa a kan gado tare da cakuda barkono ƙasa, kwakwalwan ƙoda da haƙar itacen ash, waɗanda aka ɗauka daidai gwargwado. Idan ƙyasar ta kasance ƙarami, ana fesa tsire-tsire tare da tinctures na tansy ko celandine. A yayin taron mamayewa, ana amfani da Foxim, Aktaru, Fosbezid.
• Katako na katako da farin siket. Karin kwari suna cin ganye daga gefuna. Da sauri, kwaro da veins kawai ya rage daga garesu. Babban aiki na manya na faruwa a watan Mayu. A wannan lokacin, ba kusa da gonar ba, zaku iya sanya pheromone na musamman ko tarkuna na gida (kwantena mai zurfi cike da sukari mai narkewa ko zuma mai diluted da ruwa). A cikin dare, buɗaɗɗun tsuntsaye suna tashi zuwa ga haske - Hakanan za'a iya amfani da wannan sifar. Wasu yan lambu kawai suna rufe gado tare da raga mai kyau na raga - a wannan yanayin, kuliyoyin a zahiri ba za su iya sanya ƙwai a cikin ganyayyaki ba. Idan ana cikin haɗarin mamayewarsu, Lepidocide, Bitoxibacillin ana amfani da su don magance tsofaffi. Larvae an lalata su ta Actellik, Tanrek, Mospilan.
• Kabeji tashi. Larvae lalata Tushen shuka, shiga cikin mai tushe ta hanyar su, cin dogon “rami” a cikinsu. Don rigakafin, ana baza tsire-tsire da ƙasa tare da jiko na albasa ko tafarnuwa tafarnuwa. Don magance kwaro amfani da Mospilan, Fury, Fufanon.
• Aphids. Insectsan ƙananan kwari masu launin kore suna manne da ganyayyaki, suna ciyar da ruwan juji. An kafa ƙananan ƙananan m akan su, a bayyane a cikin lumen. Don rigakafin, ana yayyafa kabeji sau 2-3 a mako tare da infusions da aka shirya daga kowane ƙushin ƙanshi na ganye. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da albasa da tafarnuwa, tafarnuwa, tumatir lemun tsami, mustard foda da sauransu azaman kayan ƙira. Zasu taimaka idan an lura da bayyanar kwaro akan lokaci. Ana ƙaruwa da yawan jiyya ga sau 3-4 a rana. Idan babu sakamakon da ake so, ana amfani da duk wasu ƙwayoyin cuta iri-iri - Inta-Vir, Iskra-Bio, Confidor-Maxi, Admiral.
• Katantanwa da slugs. Karin kwari suna cin manyan ramuka a cikin ganyayyaki da petioles, suna barin wani yanki mai santsi na jan silki a farfajiya. Yawancin mamayewarsu ba safai ba ne, don haka yana yiwuwa a sha wahala tare da maganin gargajiya. Hanya mafi sauki don magance slugs shine tarin hannu. Hakanan an haƙa zurfin tankuna a cikin ƙasa, suna cika da giya, kvass ferment, yanka na kabeji. Duk tsire-tsire masu yaji, marigolds, calendula, chamomile, da lavender ana shuka su a gefen gonar. Tushen tushe yana kewaye da "shamaki" na allurai, yashi, yankakken gyada ko bawo. "Manyan bindigogi" game da tarkace - Meta, Girma, tsawan Sludge.

Hoton hoto: irin kwari da haɗari ga al'adun Sinawa

Don guje wa cututtukan fungal, a matsayin mai mulkin, ƙwayar ƙwayar preplant a cikin maganin maganin kashe-kashe na asalin halitta ya isa. Hanyoyin causative na rot, bacteriosis, lowy da mildew powdery basa yin haƙuri da ƙwayoyin tagulla. Lura da tazara tsakanin tsirrai yana da matukar muhimmanci - tare da yin kauri, ciyawar da naman gwari ta fi sauri.

Don rigakafin, ana iya maye gurbin ruwan ban ruwa sau ɗaya a mako tare da kodadden ruwan hoda na potassiumgangan. Soilasa a cikin gonar an yayyafa shi da baƙin alli, ƙwaƙwalwar colloidal, tsire-tsire da kansu suna ƙura tare da katako na itace, an yayyafa shi da ruwa keɓaɓɓen kefir ko whey (1:10) tare da ƙari na aidin (digo kowace lita). Abu ne wanda ba a ke so ya yi amfani da duk wasu sinadarai don yaƙar fungi - saboda ɗan gajeren girma, tabbas hakan zai shafi ingancin amfanin gona na nan gaba. Idan babu wani zaɓi, zaɓin yakamata a baiwa fungicides na asalin halittu.

Babban haɗari ga kabeji na kasar Sin shine keel. A kan tushen tsire-tsire, mummuna haɓaka mai haɓaka, sashin ɓangaren iska ya bushe. Yana da wuya a warkar da shi, ya rage kawai ya tsage kuma ya ƙone. Mafi kyawun rigakafin shine jujjuyawar amfanin gona. Bayan kowane albarkatu na Cruciferous, za a iya shuka dangi guda ɗaya kafin shekaru 4-5 bayan haka.

Hoton hoto: alamun cututtukan cututtukan da kabejin kasar Sin ke fama da shi

Girbi da adanawa

Za'a iya yanka girbi da zaran akwai ganyayyaki 9-10 a cikin mafita. Irin wannan kabeji na kasar Sin ne wanda aka fi so a cikin mahaifarsa, a Asiya. Sannan a hankali zaku iya tsaga ganye yayin da suke girma. Wani zaɓi shine a yanke ƙafafun gaba ɗaya lokacin da tsayin su da diamita suka kai girman halayyar nau'ikan. Amma a wannan yanayin, yana da mahimmanci kada a makara, ganyen kabeji na kasar Sin da sauri yayi kama da sauri.

Fresh na dogon lokaci ba shi yiwuwa a adana girbin kabeji na kasar Sin

Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana amfani da ganye mai laushi. Amma idan kuna so, kuna iya ajiye kabejin kasar Sin na tsawon watanni 2-3. Don yin wannan, ana haƙa tsire tare da tushen kuma "dasawa" a cikin kwalaye tare da yashi rigar ko peat. Suna yin haka idan ana tsammanin sanyaya ya kai -10 ° C ko ƙasa, kuma amfanin gona bai gama tsiro ba. Adana kanti a cikin cellar a zazzabi 2-5 ° C. Ana buƙatar buƙatar iska mai kyau da kuma zafi mai yawa (70% ko fiye).

Fiye da aka haƙa da Tushen ana “dasawa” a cikin akwatin da yashi ko peat kuma an aika zuwa ɗakin

An adana ganye mai laushi a cikin firiji. Don yin wannan, suna buƙatar ware daga "albasa", kurkura, goge danshi mai yawa tare da tawul ɗin takarda kuma saka a cikin firiji, sa, kamar bouquet, a cikin akwati na ruwa da rufe tare da jakar filastik a saman. Hakanan zaka iya kunsa su a cikin rigar auduga. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ganyen ba su rasa ɗanɗana don kwanaki 7-10.

Ganyen Kabeji na kasar Sin an wanke shi kafin a ajiye shi a cikin firiji don kada su ƙone, yana da muhimmanci a kula da zafi sosai

Da ɗan lokaci kaɗan, ana daskarewa da bushewar ganyen kabeji na kasar Sin. A Asiya, ana gishiri da gishiri.

Babu wani abu mai wahala a cikin girma kabeji na kasar Sin a kan filaye. Wannan amfanin gona ba abin mamaki bane kuma har ma a yanayin yanayin yanayin Rasha na iya samar da albarkatu da yawa a kowace kakar, gami da lokacin girma a cikin ƙasa. Pak-choi tana haɓakawa da wuri fiye da sauran ganye, wanda zai ba ku damar jin daɗin menu a cikin bazara cikin nishaɗi. Dandalinta yana da kyau sosai, kuma dangane da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya, ta fi yawancin nau'in kabeji da aka saba da masu lambu.