Sau nawa ya kamata mu gani, ta talabijin, ba shakka, yadda wani baƙon lambu da ba a san kowa ba ya girma da kabewa ta mu'ujiza. Labarin yana tare da hoto na tayin na girman m, kuma tunanin yara ya tuna cewa a zamanin da irin wannan kyakkyawa ana iya juyawa da karusar kuma tafi ball. Tatsuniyar tatsuniya ce ta almara, amma zaka iya girka babbar kabewa a ainihin lokacinmu. Tabbas, kawai kuna buƙatar sanin wasu sirri da dokoki.
Suman abinci
Lokacin girma na kabewa, ya dogara da iri-iri, daga kwanaki 90 zuwa 110 ne. A wannan lokacin, al'adar sarrafawa don hawa da haɓaka 'ya'yan itace, nauyin da wani lokacin yakan kai kilogiram 50 da sama - a nan ya dogara da yawa. Domin berry, wanda shine ainihin abin da masana ilimin halitta ke kira 'ya'yan itacen kabewa, don girma da girma, kuna buƙatar yin ƙoƙari.
Babbar manyan kabewa - girman kan wani lambu
Muhimmin maki yayin girma wannan amfanin gona sune:
- wurin aiki - yankin buɗe rana
- isasa tana da fa'ida, sako-sako, tare da tarin kwayoyin halitta;
- ruwa - na yau da kullum da yalwatacce;
- saman miya - a kan kari, la'akari da tsarin girma.
Suman, kamar sauran albarkatun kayan lambu, yana buƙatar abubuwan gina jiki na yau da kullun - nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium, amma a matakai daban-daban na ci gaban, shuka yana buƙatar wasu adadin ma'adinai da kwayoyin.
Ciyarwa na farko
Pumpkins sukan yi girma ta hanyar shuka, musamman a arewacin yankunan. Tare da wannan hanyar girma, ana ba da riguna na farko na farko zuwa shuka bayan bayyanar ganye na gaskiya na biyu. Furtherarin gaba, kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, ana amfani da takin gargajiya kowane sati biyu.
Karo na farko da ake ciyar da kinan kabewa bayan bayyanar ganye na ganye na biyu
Don samun maganin gina jiki, kara zuwa lita 10 na ruwa:
- 1 lita na mullein ko kore taki;
- 20 g na superphosphate;
- 15 g na potassium gishiri;
- 15 g na ammonium nitrate.
Tare da wannan maganin, zaku iya ciyar da kabewa da aka shuka tare da tsaba a cikin ƙasa a farkon farko.
Mahimmanci! Lokacin ciyar da seedlings ko seedlingsan matasa na kabewa tare da takaddun takaddun ma'adinai don albarkatun kayan lambu, maida hankali ya kamata ya zama sau biyu mai rauni fiye da yadda aka nuna a umarnin. Mai samarwa yana ba da ka'ida ga tsirrai masu girma, kuma ga seedlingsan seedlings irin waɗannan abubuwan da ake iya ganowa na iya yin muni.
Yawan takin kai tsaye ya dogara da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Kabewa yana girma sosai akan tsirar takin, amma ana adana takin a cikin inuwa, amfanin gona yana buƙatar wuri mai rana. Gardenerswararrun lambu daga kaka suna shirya wuri don kabewa - suna yin rake tsire-tsire daga gonar zuwa cikin tara, yayyafa tare da ƙasa kuma ya rufe shi da tsare ko agrofiber. A cikin bazara, ana shuka tsire-tsire na kabewa a kan waɗannan tsiran ko an shuka iri. Wannan hanyar girma tana kawar da buƙatar nitrogen, watau kwayoyin suna da wadata a ciki, tunda shuka zai karɓi dukkanin abubuwan da ake buƙata daga sharan shuka. A cikin lokaci na samar da 'ya'yan itace, kabewa da aka girma a kan tsiron an ciyar da shi sau biyu tare da takin mai magani na potassium-potassium.
Suman girma a kan takin tsiro da wuya ya buƙaci taki
Iri taki don kabewa
Lokacin da aka girma akan gado na yau da kullun, ana ciyar da kabewa a kowane mako biyu, yana gabatar da ma'adinan da kuma takin gargajiya. Don haka tushen tsiron ya karɓi duk abubuwan ƙari a garesu, an yi gurnani mai zurfi na cm cm cm a keɓaɓɓen shuka a nesa na 20-25 cm.Yayan takin zamani na farko, duka bushe da ruwa, ana haɗe su a cikin ɗakunan girke-girke kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Don ƙarin ciyarwa, ana yin zurfafa kaɗan kaɗan - a nesa na 40 cm daga daji.
A kewaye da kabewa daji yi karamin tsagi don hadi
Ana saka kayan miya mai laushi don yawancin kayan lambu - suna sauri kuma a ko'ina kai tushen tsirrai kuma suna da sauƙin narkewa. Da takin mai magani bushewa na dogon lokaci da rashin daidaituwa, don haka tsire-tsire zasu iya zama rashi a wasu abubuwan kuma a ƙone su (idan ba a sami isasshen ƙwayar da ke cikin tushen ba) ta wasu.
Takin zamani
Ba tare da takin ma'adinai ba, yana da wahala a yi girma babban kabewa mai zaki. Ko da a cikin ƙasashe masu dausayi, wannan kayan lambu na kayan lambu zai buƙaci cikakken tsarin abubuwa kuma a adadi mai yawa. Daga farkon girma zuwa fure, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium. Don suturar miya a wannan lokacin, ya dace don amfani da takaddun ma'adinai mai rikitarwa, wanda ya haɗa waɗannan abubuwan.
Daga cikin takaddun takaddun ma'adinai, ƙwaƙwalwar Kemira Combi ta tabbatar da kanta sosai. Wannan magani, ban da na manyan, ya ƙunshi wasu abubuwan da suka wajaba don abinci mai gina jiki. Bugu da kari, abubuwanda aka gano a Kemir suna cikin tsari mai kyau, wanda ke nufin cewa sakamakon da aka samu ba mai guba bane ga yanayin. Chelates sune mahallin kwayoyi masu aiki da kayan halitta wanda tsirrai suke sha. Kemira Hydro yana da halaye iri ɗaya.
Tsarin ma'adinan ma'adinai na Kemira Combi ya ƙunshi cikakken tsarin abubuwan da suka cancanci tsire-tsire
Lokacin amfani da takin mai ma'adinai, koyaushe yakamata a karanta umarnin. Masana'antu suna nuna ba wai kawai takaddar aikace-aikacen takin zamani da mita ba, har ma da hanyoyin shirya mafita.
Kuna iya amfani da waɗannan takin ta biyu a cikin bushewa kuma a matsayin tushen ruwa da kayan sakawa na foliar. Don shirya mafita, 1-2 ana amfani da magani a cikin ruwa 10 na ruwa kuma an zubar da tsagi. Tare da yin amfani da bushe, adadin takin yana a yayyafa a tsagi kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa.
Azofoska takin zamani ne mai ma'adinin da aka sani, tabbas, ga kakanninmu. Akwai nau'ikan wannan takin a kan sayarwa tare da samfuran abubuwa daban-daban na nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium. Tsarin al'ada NPK 16:16:16 ya dace da duk amfanin gona. Tare da bushe saman miya ta 1 m2 yi 30-40 g na miyagun ƙwayoyi, don ruwa - 20-30 g an narkar da shi cikin 10 l na ruwa.
Azofoska ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu mahimmanci a farkon lokacin girma
Don tunani: A cikin 1 tablespoon ba tare da saman - 10 g na bushe shiri.
Ana yin kayan miya saman Foliar lokacin da tsire-tsire sun yi kadan. Don spraying, takin gargajiya iri ɗaya sun dace da na babban miya a ƙarƙashin tushen, amma taro, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya kamata ya zama rabin.
Abun miya na Foliar ba ƙasa da tasiri ga aikace-aikacen takin mai magani a ƙarƙashin tushe
A lokacin samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa, za a iya amfani da maganin ash a matsayin miya mai ma'adinai. Kamar yadda kuka sani, ash takin zamani ne wanda yake da wadataccen sinadarin phosphorus, potassium, iron, boron, magnesium, sulfur, zinc, molybdenum, alli da sauran su. Haɗin abubuwan da aka gano sun dogara da yadda aka samo ash ɗin - ta ƙone itace, ciyawa ko ci. Chlorine gaba daya ba ya cikin ash, kuma phosphorus da potassium suna cikin sauki. Yana da kyau a aiwatar da irin wannan sutturar bayan fure, saboda babu nitrogen a cikin ash, amma a wannan lokacin, a cikin adadi mai yawa, tsire-tsire ba sa bukatar sa.
Amfani da ash ba wai kawai yana lalata ƙasa ba, har ma yana inganta tsarinta kuma yana wadatar da shi da abubuwan ganowa.
Lokacin da aka gabatar da ash a cikin ƙasa, an ƙirƙiri yanayi mai kyau ga mazaunan ƙasa, kuma tsire-tsire masu dasawa suna ɗauka sosai cikin sauri kuma suna rashin lafiya. Yin miya saman Foliar tare da ash yana kare tsire-tsire daga cututtuka da yawa da kuma hare-hare na kwaro. Don shirya mafita don aikace-aikacen a ƙarƙashin tushe, ana narkar da ƙoƙon 1 (100 g) na ash a cikin 10 l na ruwa. Don jiyya foliar kai 50 g da lita 10.
Tsarin gargajiya
Ma'adinai mai ma'adinin dole ne a canza shi da kwayoyin halitta. Wannan tsari yana adana ƙasa daga tarin nitrates, yana inganta tsarin kuma a ko'ina yana wadatar da abun da ke ciki tare da ɗimbin abinci mai gina jiki da microelements.
Tsarin takin gargajiya, har ma da na ma'adinai, suna da manyan abubuwa masu amfani. Bambanci shine cewa dukkanin abubuwan gina jiki a cikin kwayoyin halitta suna da dabi'a kuma ana samun su ta halitta. Saboda haka, kowane nau'in takin gargajiya - shin ya kasance taki, takin, tsintsiya kaza ko ciyawa mai wadatarwa suna wadatar da ƙasa da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Lokacin girma pumpkins, kada ku iyakance kanku ga abubuwan ciyarwa. Gaskiyar ita ce kwayoyin sunadarai a cikin nitrogen, kuma tare da wuce haddi na wannan kashi da karancin potassium, tsire-tsire suna iya kamuwa da cututtukan fungal, kamar su mildew powder da mildew downy.
Mafi sauki kuma mafi araha takin gargajiya sune mullein ko slurry, busassun kaji da jiko na ganye. Duk waɗannan riguna masu kyau suna da wadatar a cikin nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium da sauran abubuwa masu mahimmancin abubuwan ganowa. Hanyoyi don riguna masu tsayi na gargajiya suna da sauƙin shirya kuma, mahimmanci, cikakken kyauta.
Don yin mullein, guga na taki sai a cikin buhun ruwa 5, nace tsawon kwana 3. Sa'an nan kuma ƙara 5 buckets na ruwa kuma Mix da kyau. Don miya, 1 lita na mafita an narkar da shi a cikin ruwa 10 na ruwa kuma ana shayar da tsire-tsire a cikin tsummoki akan ƙasa mai laushi.
Chicken ko dusar ƙanƙara diyan ƙasa suna narkewa suna narkarda kamar mullein, amma an shirya maganin aiki tare da ƙaramin hankali na 1:20 (0.5 l na mafita an narkar da shi a cikin 10 l na ruwa).
Idan babu kaji a gona, kantin sayar da kayan lambu da kuma shugbannin lambu suna neman taimako
Duk wani ciyawar da aka dasa a kai ya dace da faɗin ganye, kodayake idan nettle ya girma a gonar ko a kusa, to ya kamata a ba shi fifiko.
Shiri na jiko:
- Rabin filastik ko ganga na katako cike da ciyawa.
- Sanya wani yanki na busassun ciyawa.
- Aara shebur na ƙasa daga gonar.
- Zuba a saman ruwa da ruwa.
- Shakuwa.
- Rufe tare da murfi ko jakar filastik - wannan matakin zai hana nitrogen tserewa da kuma sauƙin girgijen kwari.
Hakanan za'a iya shirya takin kore a cikin ganga na ƙarfe, idan kun saka jakar filastik mai ƙarfi a ciki
A kullun, jiko dole ne a gauraye. A rana ta biyu ko ta uku, cakuda ya fara kumbura - wannan al'ada ce. Bayan kwanaki 5, idan yanayin yayi dumi, kumfa zai zauna, to, jiko yana shirye. A cikin yanayin sanyi, ana iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo. A sakamakon tattara ne diluted da ruwa a cikin wani rabo daga 1:10 kuma shayar kabewa a kan m ƙasa, cikin grooves. A wani shuka dauki 1 lita na taki dil.
Tsarin Siyarwa
Tsarin takin zamani, ma'adanai da na gargajiya, suma ba a son su don kabewa, kamar rashi. Sabili da haka, lokacin yin takin, yana da matukar mahimmanci a bi tsarin. Don haka, idan kabewa ya yi girma a kan tsirar kwayoyin - ciyarwa ba shi da ƙima. Tare da wannan hanyar, ya isa ya ciyar da tsirrai sau 2 a cikin lokacin girma: kwayoyin bayan bayyanar ganyayyaki biyu na ainihi da ma'adinan hadaddun - yayin bayyanar ovaries.
A kan kasa yashi da loamy kasa, ana amfani da rigar miya kowane sati biyu, ana ba takin gargajiya da ma'adinai. Tare da farkon fure, ana dakatar da sutturar gargaji.
Daga lokacin 'ya'yan itace zuwa ribar kabewa, zaku iya ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da takin mai magani na phosphorus-potassium sau 1-2: narke 2 tablespoons na superphosphate da 1 tablespoon na potassium gishiri a lita 10 na ruwa. Wannan ya ƙare aikace-aikacen taki, kuma kabewa ya ɗora bisa kansa.
Tare da ƙarshen ci gaban 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kabewa, an dakatar da ciyar da abinci
A kan kasa mai nauyi, lokacin da ake girma pumpkins, ana ba da fertilizing kamar haka:
- Tsarin gargajiya bayan fitowar ganye biyu na gaskiya.
- Hadin ma'adinai yayin bayyanar ovaries.
- Phosphorus-potash yayin samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Bidiyo: yadda ake shuka kabewa
Shuka kabewa ba shi da wuya kwata-kwata, amma don samun manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu daɗi, kuna buƙatar ba kawai ruwa, sako da sassauta ba, har ma da ciyar da su yadda ya kamata. Samun zaɓaɓɓen takin zamani da aka yi la’akari da lokacin haɓaka kuma, wanda yake jujjuya tsakanin takin gargajiya da ma'adinai, yana da mahimmanci a basu ba daga yanayin zuwa shari'ar ba, amma bisa ga tsarin. Kuma kyakkyawan kabewa lalle ne za a gode da kula da kyakkyawan girbi.
