Babban hanyoyin da ka'idodi na yaduwar fata currant

Idan akwai bukatar maye gurbin busheshen tsufa da ƙarancin ciyayi tare da ƙanana ko ƙara yawan tsire-tsire akan shafin, zaka iya shawo kan wannan aikin. Don yin wannan, zaku buƙaci: sha'awarku da ilimin manyan hanyoyin da ƙa'idodi don kiwo blackcurrant da shootsan harbe daga daji wanda ya dace da ku da yawan amfanin ƙasa, ɗanɗano na 'ya'yan itatuwa, da juriya ga cututtuka da kwari.

Kayan lambu na yaduwa da baƙar fata currant

Hanyoyin kayan lambu na yaduwar baƙar fata yana ba da damar samar da sabon shuka daga wani ɓangare na mahaifiyar kuma sun fi dacewa ga yawancin lambu. Babban fa'idarsu ita ce, kananan tsire-tsire masu ɗorewa suna riƙe da halayen iyayensu da sauƙi a cikin sabon yanayin.

An yi amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na ciyawar:

• yanke;
• sakawa;
• raba daji.

Kowace hanyar da aka ƙayyade tana da halaye na kanta, fa'idodi da rashin amfani.

Lignified cuttings

Ta wannan hanyar, ana samun da yawa masu ƙarfi seedlings daga reshe na iyaye daya. Ingantaccen aiki, inganci da aminci sune manyan fa'idodi na haihuwa ta hanyar lalatattun lamuran.

Girbi lignified cuttings

1. Sanya hannun jari mafi kyau a cikin bazara ko kaka. A lokacin bazara, yana da hikima mutum ya girbe aikin aikin lokacin girbin amfanin gona.
2. Wajibi ne a zaɓi kyakkyawan reshe na shekara ɗaya ko shekara biyu tare da diamita na akalla 6 mm.
3. Tare da wuka mai kaifi ko kuma keɓewa, yanke reshe, cire saman, sannan a yanka a cikin guda game da tsawon cm 20 A saman riƙe, yi madaidaiciya yanke 1 cm sama da koda. Yanke da aka cire don cire sashin a karkashin karamin koda.

An yanka tataccen tsinkayen currant cikin gudawa game da 20 cm tsawo tare da madaidaiciya yanke a saman da yanke mai gushewa ƙarƙashin ƙananan koda

Saukowa

1. A kan Hauwa na dasa, an ba da shawarar na mintina 15 don sanya cuttings a cikin ruwa tare da zazzabi na 45 ^{game da}C don kamuwa da cuta.
2. Don dasa shuki, ya zama dole don shirya furrows tare da zurfin kusan 15 cm tare da haƙa da ƙasa mai laushi.
3. Shuka tsire-tsire ƙarƙashin igiya 10-15 cm baya, lura da hanyoyin 40-5 cm.
4. Cika tare da ƙasar m. Dole ne a matse ƙasa sosai a kan sandunan.
5. Ciyawa da plantings da peat marmashi, humus Layer har zuwa 5 cm (don mafi danshi kiyaye danshi).
6. Sama da ƙasa na ƙasa bar biyu buds. Ofayansu yana gindin ƙasa.

Currant cuttings dole ne a dasa obliquely, a cikin shugabanci daga arewa zuwa kudu. Wannan yana bayar da gudummawa ga mafi kyawun hasken jere.

Arin kulawa da shuka

1. A cikin watanni na bazara na dasa, kuna buƙatar sako sako a kai a kai kuma ku kwance ƙasa.
2. Dole ne a kiyaye tutocin a cikin yanayin rigar mai tsari. Tsarin tushen tushen da aka kafe yana da rauni sosai, saboda haka ko da bushewa na gajere zai iya zama cutarwa ga tsirrai.
3. Fertilizing don ci gaba cuttings don aiwatar da kowane kwanaki 10. Daga Mayu zuwa Yuni, madadin wani takin tare da ammonium nitrate (20-40 g da lita 10 na ruwa) da kuma jiko na mulmula overripe (1 part mullein da 10 l na ruwa). Daga Yuli, canzawa zuwa ciyar da itace ash. A dintsi ash zai cika da 1 lita na ruwan zãfi kuma nace har sati guda. Godiya ga wannan shiri na takin, ana fitar da abubuwa mai narkewa daga ash, wanda tsire-tsire suke sha. Hakanan, na 1 lita na jiko, zaka iya ƙara 1 tablespoon na superphosphate.

Yankunan da aka dasa a cikin bazara za su zama cikakkun seedlingsa seedlingsan seedlingsa seedlingsan tsire-tsire mai ƙarfi zuwa kaka. Suna iya canza wurin sauƙaƙe zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.

Shawara mai amfani: ana iya rufe shuki tare da fim ɗin baƙar fata tare da ramuka don yanke itace. Fim ɗin fim zai kare plantsanyen tsirrai daga ciyayi, adana danshi kuma zai baka damar saka idanu game da haɓaka giyan itace.

Ganyen kore

Idan a farkon spring ba ku shirya lignified cuttings, to, haifuwa za a iya za'ayi by kore rassan.

Abun kayan girbi

1. Yankan zai zama mafi yuwuwa idan an girbe su a kan girgije, ranakun sanyi, da kuma tsiron bazara wanda bai karye ba lokacin da aka zaɓi lanƙwasa.
2. Abinda yakamata yakamata yakai kusan 20 cm tare da ganye mai ganye. Bar ganyayyaki a ƙasan an fi dacewa.
3. Yanka ya kamata, kamar yadda a cikin lignified cuttings - madaidaiciya a saman da oblique a kasa.

Ana amfani da ƙananan ƙananan ganyen kore kore

Saukowa

1. Kafin dasa, koren kore ana bada shawarar a sanya shi a cikin kayan haɓaka mai haɓaka wanda ya dace da blackcurrant. Wannan zai hanzarta samuwar tushen da kuma ƙara rayuwa.
2. Kuna buƙatar dasa cuttings a cikin cakuda takin da aka ruɓa da yashi (1: 1). Zurfin dasa - 3 cm, nisa tsakanin tsirrai - 10-15 cm.

Kulawa

1. Ganyen kore yana buƙatar kulawa mai zurfi fiye da waɗanda aka jera su. Suna da talauci yi haƙuri da rashin danshi, sabili da haka, ban da watering, dasa bukatun yau da kullum spraying.
2. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don kyawawan tushen abubuwa shine 25 ^{game da}C. Yana da kyau a rufe su da fim ɗin da zai kare karɓar shaye-shaye da kuma samar da yanayin zazzabi. Dole ne a ɗanɗaɗa ɗan fim don kada hasken rana kai tsaye ya faɗi akan tsire. Don yin wannan, fim ɗin ana iya yaɗa shi ko a rufe shi da wani abu mai haske.
3. Bayan dasawa (makonni 2-3 bayan dasawa), ganyen ba zai buƙaci yayyafa yau da kullun ba.
4. A tsawon tsawon rayuwa, faranti ɗin ya kamata ya kasance ya kasance mai launin kore.
5. Bayan kimanin makonni huɗu, ana iya cire fim ɗin a kan tsire-tsire. Zai fi kyau yin wannan a hankali, da farko buɗe thean seedlings don sa'o'i da yawa da rana.
6. Bayan an dasa tushen, sai a hadasu da urea (1 tsp. Zuwa 5 na ruwa). Ana yin suturar miya har zuwa tsakiyar watan Agusta sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 10.
7. A gaba bazara, da seedling yana canjawa zuwa m wurin girma.

Apical cuttings

Idan akwai rashin kayan shuka, to, don haifuwar currants, zaku iya amfani da sassan na sama na rassan. Adadin rayuwar irin wannan yankan ya ƙasa ƙasa da kore. Sun fi karfin zuciya, suna iya mutuwa lokacin bushewa. Kan aiwatar da kula da dasa apical cuttings daidai yake da na kore wadanda.

Idan an kafe cutukan a cikin wani wuri mai rana, sannan daga baya kan su zasu girma bushes wanda zai ba da girma sama da seedlings da ke girma a cikin inuwa. Kuma berries daga irin wannan bushes suna da yawa mai kyau.

Yaduwar tsire-tsire ta hanyar farawa

Wannan hanya ce mai sauki wacce amintacciya ce don samun manyan zuriya daga zababbun daji. Kusan rayuwar 100% da mafi ƙarancin kulawa sune manyan fa'idodin hanyoyin yaduwa ta hanyar sakawa. Ana iya aiwatar dashi ta hanyoyi guda huɗu:

• sanya kwalla;
• kwance a kwance;
• Tsayayye a tsaye;
• sanyayawar iska.

.Auke

Hanyar kiwo daskarewa shine kamar haka:

1. Zaɓi rassa shekara 2-3 da ke girma daga tushe daga cikin daji.
2. Yi tanƙwara harbe-harbe har ƙasa da alamar wuraren da za a yi prikop. Kuma alama a kan makircin tserewa, wanda za a yi haƙa.
3. Duniya a hankali ta kwance tare da sara. Tona rami game da 10 cm zurfi.
4. Hankali ya shirya don pin da rassan a ƙasa. Ana iya yin su da waya ko ƙyallen itace.
5. Ta yin amfani da fayil ko jigsaw, suna datse ƙananan bangarorin harbe a wuraren da za a haƙa. Wannan zai hanzarta dasa tushen bayanai.
6. Ackora ɗan reshe da aka shirya a cikin ramin kuma haɗa shi tare da shirye-shiryen. Partangare na harbi ya kamata kusan 30 cm tsawo a farfajiya.
7. Ulla tip na harbi tare da kyauta guda takwas zuwa ƙananan pegs.
8. Sun cika wurin prikop tare da cakuda ƙasa da humus.
9. Shayar.
10. Ciyawa don adana danshi.

A lokacin bazara, kuna buƙatar shayar da peran kamar yadda ake buƙata, ciyawa, zuba biyu ko sau uku tare da cakuda ƙasa da humus.

A watan Oktoba, tsarin saiti mai karfi akan lay zai bunkasa. Kuma ana iya rabuwa da shi daga iyayen daji kuma a dasa shi zuwa wuri mai dorewa.

Shekaru biyu da uku na currant na currant suna ƙasa da ƙasa kuma sun haƙa a cikin hanyar da wani ɓangaren harbi ya faɗi tsawon santimita 30 ya zauna a farfajiya.

Bidiyo: hanya ce mai sauƙi don yaɗa currants ta hanyar farawa

A kwance

Wannan hanyar haifuwa ta bambanta da wacce ta gabata a cikin cewa reshe na iyaye ya dace gaba ɗaya cikin shirin da aka shirya. Dole ne a yanke reshe a saman. A sakamakon namo tare da kwance yadudduka, ba za ku iya samun ɗaya, amma yawancin seedlings daga ɗayan digo ɗaya.

Yi amfani da hanyar yaduwa ta hanyar kwance kwance ya zama dole kafin ganye suyi fure

Tsaye

Wannan hanyar kuma tana ba ku damar samun adadi mai yawa na seedlings daga mahaifiyar daji. Asalinsa ya ta'allaka ne da cewa harbe fara farawa daga buds dake cikin ƙananan yankin daji. Kiwo tare da kwance a tsaye ya haɗa da matakan masu zuwa:

1. An zaɓi ƙaramin, lafiyayyen daji na currant, a cikin Maris ko Afrilu an yanke duk rassan daga gare ta, yana barin tsalle-tsalle 5-8 cm tsawo
2. A ƙarshen bazara, spikes suna bayyana akan spikes. Lokacin da suka kai tsawo na 15-20 cm, harbe an rufe shi da ƙasa mai laushi zuwa rabin tsawo. Bayan kimanin wata guda, ana sake sake ƙarawa, wanda zai taimaka ga samuwar Tushen a cikin haɓakar sakamakon.
3. A cikin kaka, Tushen tushe sun rabu da iyayen daji. ,Arfafa, tare da tushen tushen ana shuka nan da nan a wani wuri na dindindin, kuma marasa ƙarfi an ƙaddara don haɓaka.

Cika tare da ƙasa mai daɗi na taimaka wa samuwar Tushen a cikin sakamakon haɓaka

Ta hanyar iska

1. Don wannan hanyar kiwo currants, an zaɓi reshe mai ƙarfi, wanda za'a iya kasancewa a kowane ɓangare na shuka.
2. A kan reshe (20-25 cm daga ƙasa) ana yin yanka biyu madauwari a nesa na 5 cm daga juna. Cleanedarar murfin haushi tsakanin yankewa an tsabtace shi zuwa itace.
3. Bayan haka ana saka jakar filastik, ƙananan gefen wanda aka saita centan santimita kaɗan a ƙasa da zoben da aka ɗora. Ana gyara jaka ta amfani da tef ko waya.
   

   Don hanyar yaduwa ta hanyar yadudduka ta iska, zaku iya amfani da kwalabe filastik tare da ƙasa

4. Isasasshen ƙasa yana zuba a cikin jaka saboda ya rufe yankin da aka share.
5. Soilasa a cikin ƙasa tana daɗaɗɗa, to, saman jaka yana daidaita akan reshe.
6. Kasa da wata daya daga baya, saiwoyin ya bayyana a shafin da aka yanke.
7. An cire kunshin, an yanke reshe daga daji kuma ana iya dasa bishiyar shuka saboda girma.

Shuke namo

Hanya mafi sauri don yaduwar currants shine ta hanyar rarraba shuka na iyaye. Ana amfani dashi lokacin da ya cancanta don canzawa wani daji mai currant zuwa wani wuri.

1. Ku ciyar da bikin a lokacin bazara ko a lokacin bazara.
2. Sun tono daji, suna ƙoƙarin kada su lalata tushen sa. Yi la'akari da cewa currant rhizome is 40-50 cm karkashin ƙasa.
3. Tushen kyauta daga ƙasa, cire sassan lalacewar tushen tsarin, rassan bushe.
4. An raba daji zuwa kashi 2-4. Yawan sassan ya dogara da girman shuka na iyaye. Yanke daji tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi. Kowane sashi da aka karɓa dole ne ya sami isasshen tushen tsarin da matasa da yawa harbe.
   

   Idan aka ci gaba da inganta tushen tsarin rabuwa da mahaifiyar, hakan zai fi dacewa da sabon dajin zai ɗauki tushe

5. Kafin dasa, ana rarraba bushes ɗin a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate.

Ana dasa shukar daji a cikin hanya ta yau da kullun don wannan amfanin gona, kuma ana shayar da yalwa. Bayan shekara guda, sabuntawar currant zaiyi farin ciki da girbin farko.

Dasa tsaba

Ana amfani da tsaba don amfani da ɗanyen dabbobin don amfani da sabbin nau'in. Seedlings samu ta wannan hanyar ba koyaushe kiyaye mafi kyau halaye na iyaye shuka.

Tsarin blackcurrant tsaba yana buƙatar haƙuri da sa'a

Wadanda ke da sha'awar yin gwaji: sune aka zaba hanyar yaduwar currant ta hanyar tsaba.

1. Theauki mafi girma, berries cikakke.
2. An wanke su kuma an shafe su na ɗan lokaci a ruwa.
3. A hankali ka zaɓi tsaba, ka shimfiɗa su a kan takarda ka bushe su.
4. Bayar da yanayin ajiya har zuwa lokacin bazara mai zuwa.
5. A cikin Maris, an shirya tsaba don shuka. Don yin wannan, jiƙa su kwata na awa daya a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate. Sannan a bushe.
6. Shuka tsaba a cikin tanki cike da ciyawa. Yayyafa tare da ƙasa, shayar, rufe da gilashi ko fim. Har sai seedlings sun bayyana, ana ajiye akwati a wuri mai dumi.
7. Da zaran 'yan ƙyar suka huda, cire murfin kuma sake shirya ganga zuwa haske.
8. Ana ɗaukar abin a cikin tukwane daban-daban lokacin da shukar ta kai 10-15 cm.
9. A cikin rabin rabin Mayu, ana shuka seedlings a shafin a cikin ramuka na dasawa (40x40 cm) a nesa da kusan mita ɗaya na seedling daga seedling. An biya kulawa ta musamman don shayar da shuka sosai.

Lokacin dacewa don kiwo currants

Currant noma za a iya yin samfurin a ko'ina cikin shekara.

Tebur: Hanyoyin yaduwar currant a lokuta daban-daban na shekara

Fasali na kiwo na hunturu

A cikin hunturu, lokacin da lambu ba shi da kusan kasuwanci, zaku iya yin namo currants tare da layuka masu lignified.

1. Yanke yankan ya fara a watan Disamba. Don girbi, ana amfani da harbe-tsire na shekara guda ɗaya, wanda akan sami ingantaccen buds. Yanke harbe daga ƙasa. Sanya kayan a cikin kwalbar ruwa. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi ganga na gilashin. Ruwa yana ɗan ɗanɗano daɗin ɗanɗano: akan rabin-lita na ruwa na ruwa - 1 tsp. sukari ko zuma.
2. An sanya damar a cikin wuri mai haske, mai dumi. Idan suna tsaye akan windowsill, zai fi kyau a saka, alal misali, polystyrene a ƙarƙashin gundarin can. Irin wannan substrate zai samar da yanayi mai zafi, ƙarin yanayi mai kyau na itace.
3. Bayan wata daya, saiwoyin farkon su fara bayyana.
   

   Lokacin da tushen ya kai tsawon 5 cm, ana iya yin amfani da itace a ciki

4. Ki haƙa tare da tushen danshi a cikin kwandon shara tare da cakuda takin ƙasa. Lambatu (daga yumɓu masu yumɓu, yumɓu masu yumɓu) lallai ne an sa shi a ƙasan tukwane.
   

   Bayan watanni 3, currant seedling zai sami tsarin tushen karfi da ganyayyaki kore.

5. A watan Fabrairu, kumbura za suyi tsiro a kan seedlings, kuma a lokacin dasawa - Mayu watan, seedling zai sami tushen gaske da ganyayyaki kore. Inflorescences da suka bayyana akan seedling an yanke su saboda kar su tsoma baki tare da samun karfin shuka. Tare da daidaitaccen kulawa a shekara ta gaba, currants zai gode muku da kyawawan, manyan berries.

Idan ba zai yiwu a shuka 'ya'yan itacen nan da nan ba, to ya kamata a tono tsire-tsire a wasu wuri mai inuwa da ruwa sosai. A wannan nau'in, currant seedling na iya yin kwance har zuwa mako guda, babban abin shine a sami lokacin shuka kafin a buɗe ayoyin.

N. Khromov, dan takarar kimiyyar halitta gazetasadovod.ru

Bidiyo: hanya mafi kyau don haifar da currants a cikin bazara

Duk wata hanyar baza yaduwar ƙaƙƙarfan zaɓaɓɓen ku, hakika za ku yi nasara a ƙarƙashin yanayin kula da kyawawan seedlings: lokacin shayarwa, kayan miya da suka dace, namowa da kuma weeding. Kuma lu'ulu'u wanda baƙar fata na lambun ku zai ba ku 'ya'yan itatuwa masu daɗi da lafiya!