Kabeji shine ɗayan manyan kayan lambu wanda yawancin kusan lambu ke tsiro. A yau, al'adun da yawa suna wakilta, gami da ƙari. Bambancin Atria F1 za a iya haɓaka a saukinta ba tare da wata matsala ba, saboda yanayin fasahar noma.
Bayani iri-iri na kabeji Atria
Atria F1 wani yanki ne na farin kabeji, wanda ganyen filastik ganye ne, yawan amfanin ƙasa da adana shugaban kabeji. Atria tana nufin nau'in-marigayi, wanda ke farfadowa kwanaki 140-150 bayan fitowar sa. Shugaban kabeji yana da siffa mai zagaye ko zagaye. Dangane da rajista na jihar, nauyin shugabannin kabeji shine 1.5-3.7 kg, amma a kan jakunkuna tare da tsaba masu masana'anta suna nuna bambancin lambobi kaɗan - 4-8 kg. Ana nuna al'adar ta hanyar jure wa launin toka, fusarium, thrips.
Yawan kabeji na Atria kabeji bisa ga jihar rajista ne 1.5-3.7 kg, a kan sachets na tsaba da almara daban-daban - 4-8 kg
Al'adar tana jurewa da sufuri da kyau kuma an kiyayeta shi tsawon watanni 6 lokacin da aka kirkiro yanayi mai kyau. A iri-iri ya dace da salting, pickling da cin sabo. Ana iya horar da matasan kusan a cikin Rasha, ban da na yankuna na arewacin. Dangane da rajista na jihar, an yarda da kabeji na wannan nau'in don namo a cikin yankuna masu zuwa: North-West, Volga-Vyatka, Yankin Tsakiyar Black Sea, Tsakiyar Volga, Ural, West Siberian, da Gabas Siberian.
Atria F1 wani nau'i ne na farin kabeji kuma ana saninsa da kyakkyawan yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma yana da inganci.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da kuma rashin amfanin iri-iri
Kabeji Atria, kamar kowane iri-iri, yana da fa'ida da fa'ida. Daga halaye na kwarai
- kyakkyawan dandano;
- kyakkyawan alamomi na girman kai a matakin fasaha na balaga;
- ƙarancin lalacewar lalacewar launin toka;
- m ripening na amfanin gona;
- tsawon rayuwar shiryayye;
- fatattaka juriya na shugabannin kabeji.
Amma ga kasawa, babu mai irin wannan, watakila waɗannan su ne fasahar fasahar noma. Atria F1 tana da sauƙin gaske, wanda ke nuna buƙatar ban ruwa na yau da kullun, kuma tare da ruwa mai ɗumi.
Bidiyo: Yin nazarin kabeji Atria
Fasali na dasa da girma Atria
A matasan iri dake karkashin shawara za a iya horar da biyu ta kai tsaye shuka da tsaba a cikin ƙasa, da kuma ta hanyar seedling.
Shuka seedlings
Don haɓaka ƙoshin lafiya da ƙarfi, kuna buƙatar kulawa da shiri na ƙasa da kayan iri. Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka kabejin Atria na shuka shine farkon Afrilu. Ba da lokacin balaga da yanki mai girma, an zaɓi ƙarin takamaiman ranakun. Kafin shuka, da tsaba dole ne a taurare, bari for germination da germinated.
Don hanzarta fitar da ƙwayar seedlings, ana shuka ƙwayar kabeji ta hanyar rufe shi da zane mai bushe da ajiye a cikin wurin dumi
Don girma seedlings, zaka iya amfani da ƙasa da aka sayi ko cakuda ƙasar da aka shirya kanta. A farkon lamari, damuwar za ta zama ƙasa kaɗan, kuma a na biyu za ku san ainihin abin da substrate ya ƙunshi. Don shirya haɗin ƙasa, kuna buƙatar irin waɗannan abubuwan haɗin:
- ƙasar turf
- peat;
- calcined kogin yashi.
Don shuka kabeji na tsire-tsire ta amfani da cakuda ƙasa na peat, turf ƙasar da yashi kogin
Ba'a ba da shawarar ɗaukar ƙasa daga gonar ba, amma a cikin matsanancin yanayi, zaka iya amfani da shi, bayan zube shi da mafita mai ƙarfi na manganese.
An shuka tsaba da aka shirya a cikin kwantena dasa shuki zuwa zurfin 1 cm, an shayar kuma an saka a cikin wurin dumi.
An shuka tsaba kabeji tare da tazara na 1 cm, bayan haka suna yafa masa wani yanki na ƙasa da ɗauka mai sauƙi
Sauran fasahar aikin gona na kabeji na Atria yayi kama da narkar da sauran nau'ikan wannan amfanin gona.
Bidiyo: shuka kabeji don shuka
Kulawar seedling yayin da take haɓakawa an rage ta zuwa kayan miya da ruwa. Masu samar da ƙwaya suna ba da shawarar yin ruwa a cikin cotyledon lokaci. Makonni 2 kafin dasa shuki seedlings a shafin, an temaka.
Domin 'ya'yan kabeji suyi dacewa da yanayin waje, sai su fara kwashe shi zuwa sararin sama makonni 2 kafin dasa shuki
Ana shuka shukar Atria a cikin wani wuri na dindindin kwanaki 30-55 bayan fitowar sa. Ranakunda suka fi dacewa sune Mayu 10-20. A wannan lokacin, haɗarin dawo da dusar ƙanƙara ya riga ya wuce (la'akari da yankin da ya girma), ƙasa kuma za ta dumama zuwa ƙimar da ake so (+ 10-15 ° C). Shafin don al'adar ya kamata ya zama yana da kyau, yana da ƙasa mai ƙoshin gaske. Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace bisa ga tsarin 40 * 60 cm, dasa yawa 2.5-3 tsire-tsire a 1 m2. A bu mai kyau a dasa shuki a cikin yanayin hadari ko da yamma. Don tsire-tsire, ana yin irin waɗannan ramuka don zurfafa su zuwa ƙasan waɗannan ganye na gaskiya. Zuwa kabeji ya ɗauki tushen sauri, a cikin kwanakin farko na farko an fesa shi da ruwa sau da yawa a rana. Bugu da kari, don ware konewa daga hasken rana, kwanakin farko 2 na shuka dole ne a hadasu.
Ana shuka lingsawan zurfin zuwa zurfin 8-10 cm, ana shayar, kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa a sama don guje wa samuwar ɓawon ƙasa.
Atria bayan dasawa seedlings yana buƙatar shayarwa da kuma kayan miya a sama tare da takin mai magani wanda ya ƙunshi nitrogen, waɗanda suka fi mahimmanci a lokacin ƙirƙirar shugaban kabeji. Watering ya kamata a iyakance lokacin cika shugaban kabeji. Bayan ban ruwa, ya kamata a fitar da loosening da hilling.
Bidiyo: yadda ake ciyar da kabeji
Ya kamata a yi amfani da takin mai magani tare da ruwa na farko don guje wa ƙonewa ga tushen tsirrai. Ana ciyar da ciyarwa a cikin yanayin hadari.
Shuka waje da kulawa
A cikin yankuna na kudanci, an shuka kabeji kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, amma an rufe gadaje da fim don tsaba su shuka da sauri kuma seedlings suna jin dadi kamar yadda zai yiwu. Tare da shuka kai tsaye, an dasa Atria a watan Mayu. Wurin yakamata ya haskaka wurin da rana. In ba haka ba, maimakon ɗaure kawuna, ana samun ganyayyaki kawai. A kasar gona akan shafin ya kamata m da breathable. Idan ƙasar ba ta da kyau, to, ana ƙara bulan 3-4 na humus ta 1 m². Atria an sanya shi a matsayin matasan da ke da yawan gaske, amma don cimma babban aiki, kuna buƙatar takin ƙasa da kyau kuma ku kula da dabarun aikin gona don noma wannan iri-iri. Bugu da kari, ana kula da acidity na kasar gona, tunda kowane kabeji baya jure kasa da acidic.
Don kare amfanin gona daga dawo da sanyi, shigar da firam kuma ja fim
Ilsasa tare da acidity kusa da tsaka tsaki shine ya fi dacewa da haɓakar kabeji, i.e. pH ya kamata ya kasance 6.5-7. Zaka iya ƙayyade wannan mai nuna alama ta amfani da na'urar ta musamman ko takaddun mai nuna alama.
Idan acid din ya karu, komawa zuwa ga iyakancewa, wanda akan yi 500 g na lemun tsami don yin digging akan 1 m² na yankin.
Don rage acidity na ƙasa, kuna buƙatar ƙara lemun tsami don tono
Lokacin zabar iri-iri a cikin tambaya, kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa kowane rami zai bar ku ba tare da amfanin gona ba. Idan saboda dalili ɗaya ko wata ba zai yiwu a bi ka'idodin fasahar fasahar noma ba, to, zai fi kyau a bar wannan matattarar cikin yardar wani bambancin tare da buƙatun ƙasa. Atria sosai danshi-auna, saboda haka bushewa da ƙasa ba za a yarda. Dashin ƙasa a cikin yankin mahimmin hanya yana bayyana a cikin hanyar rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Shugaban kabeji ya girma, amma kayan ganye suna girma cikin hanzari lokacin bazara, wanda ke ba da damar matasan suyi wannan da sauri. A zahiri a cikin watanni 1-1.5 na kaka, shugaban kabeji zai kasance a shirye don girbi. Atria kabeji ne resistant zuwa fatattaka, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a noma shi da nasara har ma a kan kasa da zafi.
Bidiyo: shuka kabeji a cikin ƙasa mara buɗe
Cututtuka da kwari na Atria
Don samun amfanin gona mai kyau na kabeji, yana da muhimmanci a gano cututtuka da kwari na wannan amfanin gona a kan kari kuma a ɗauki matakan magance su. Yawancin cututtukan Atria sun hada da ƙafafun baki da keel. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da tushen tsarin tsirrai. Dole ne a cire seedlings da ya lalace kuma an yayyafa kasar gona da lemun tsami. Bugu da kari, kabeji na iya shafawa ta hanyar rage mildew, wanda ke haifar da lalacewar ganye. A cikin yanayin irin wannan cutar, wajibi ne don mayar da danshi na ƙasa, watau, rage yawan ban ruwa kuma ku bi da tsire-tsire tare da ruwa na Bordeaux (0.5 l a kowace l 10 na ruwa).
Legaƙwalwar baƙar fata ita ce cutar mafi yawan cuta na kabeji seedlings, a cikin abin da duhu yake haifar da tushe a cikin tushe
Kabeji yana da kwari da yawa:
- aphids;
- ƙyamar;
- daban-daban mahaukaci;
- katantanwa.
Karnukan Cruciferous da yawa suna iya kashe kabeji ta cin ganyayyaki
Babban matakan kulawa ba tare da amfani da sunadarai ba sune masu zuwa:
- farawa da cire ciyayi;
- a cikin zafi, an rufe gado da kabeji da kayan da ba a saka ba;
- a cikin kaka, ana cire tarkacen tsire kuma an lalace ta ƙone tare da tono ƙasa.
Kuna iya yakar kwari a farkon bayyanar su ta hanyoyin mutane. Lokacin da aka mamaye, ya kamata a yi amfani da shirye-shiryen sunadarai. Abinda aka fi sani don waɗannan dalilai sun haɗa da Actellik, Bankol, Decis, Karbofos, Rovikurt, Intavir, Bazudin.
Lokacin da mamayewa na kwari suke amfani da magunguna
Daga magunguna na mutane, za'a iya lura da girke-girke masu zuwa:
- don magance kwari mai cin ganyaye, yi amfani da maganin saƙar (9% da 400 g na gishiri a kowace lita 10 na ruwa), wanda aka shayar da kabeji;
- fleas da kwari za a iya sarrafa su ta hanyar gurɓatar da tsire-tsire tare da ƙurar taba, ash a cikin nauyin 30 g a 1 m²;
- don sarrafa albarkatun gona daga matafila, an watsa jiko na ash (2 tbsp. a kowace l 10 na ruwa);
- An dasa kabeji a cikin kusancin tafarnuwa, dill, ruhun nana: ƙanshinsu zai iya hana kwari.
Girbi
Kwancen girkin kabeji na Atria yana farkon Nuwamba. An yanke kawunan kuma an sanya su a cikin kwalaye ko a kan rakoki a jere daya. Ya kamata ku sa cabbages tare da ɗamara sama, yayin da kawunan kada ya taɓa juna. Mafi kyawun zazzabi don adanar wannan kayan lambu shine + 2˚С da gumi 93-97%. Idan kun kirkiro yanayi mai mahimmanci, kabeji ba zai rasa gabatarwa ba har sai lokacin bazara.
A cikin hunturu, ana iya adana kabeji a cikin ɗauka, a kan shelves ko a cikin limbo a cikin ginin
Sake duba lambu
Atria shine kabeji da na fi so, zan yi girma a kakar ta biyar, an adana shi daidai, m, mai dadi, wanda yake abin mamaki ga iri tare da ingancin kiyayewa. Abun takaici, kayan sa sunada dogaro ga mai sana'anta.
Fatan AA
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=19141&st=198
Mun girma shekaru 10 aria kuma yanzu ba za mu ki ba, kuma Novator ya sami juyayi na wasu 'yan shekaru. A wannan kakar, duka dangin ba su fashe ba, sabanin Mai gabatarwa. Ankoma kuma ya nuna kanta da kyau, ya fi girma (kilogiram 4-6) kuma an adana shi kaɗan.
Mykola
//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/printthread.php?page=22&pp=40&t=1513
Na yi girma shekaru Atria na yi shekaru bakwai yanzu. A bana bana cin sa har Yuli. Babban kabeji.
Lyn
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/122577/page-12
Atria ita ce farkon wanda ya fara haɓakar tsiro a wannan kakar, don haka ya kusan kusan kai tsaye bayan farkon. Yi kabeji mirgine daga shi, mai dadi sosai. Ban ma yi tsammanin zai zama mai taushi ba, takardar ba ta ji. Anan, kabeji, aka yi niyya don amfanin sabo.
kolosovo
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=1842&page=172
Ta hanyar girma kabeji na Atria F1 iri-iri, zaku iya samun kyakkyawan amfanin gona a cikin karamin yanki, musamman tunda an horar da matasan a cikin lambuna da filaye sama da shekaru 20 kuma shahararsa bai ragu ba tsawon shekaru. Manoma da masu lambu ba su gushe suna mamakin halayen halittar wannan nau'in ba, kuma suna sha'awar dandano.
