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Girma cucumbers a cikin kwalaben filastik: ƙwarewa mai ban sha'awa da sakamako mai kyau!

Shuka cucumbers a cikin kwalba yana ba ku damar aiwatar da wannan hanyar yadda ya kamata duka a kan yanar gizo da kuma a gida. Amma akwai sharuɗɗan da yawa game da shirye-shiryen kwantena da iri, har da kula da kayan shuka, wanda dole ne ya saba da shi don samar da cucumbers da yanayin dacewa don ci gaba da haɓaka.

Shuka cucumbers a cikin kwalabe biyar na gida a gida

Dasa cucumbers a cikin kwalabe na filastik yana da fa'idodi masu yawa: na farko, irin waɗannan kwantena masu ɗaukar nauyi ne kuma sun dace a sanya ɗaka a gida, na biyu, ƙasa a cikin filastik amintacce yana sama da kyau, wanda tabbatacce yana shafar tushen tsarin tsiron ku, kuma na uku, irin wannan Hanyar ta dace sosai don farkon girbi. Amma akwai wasu ƙananan aibobi. Kwalabe, sabanin kwantena da akwatuna, galibi ana amfani da su sau ɗaya, don haka a shekara mai zuwa za ku sake tarawa. Hakanan lura cewa kwalba ɗaya an tsara shi don shuka guda ɗaya kawai, kuma idan babu isasshen sarari a cikin baranda, to bazaiyi aiki ba don dasa bushes da yawa.

Tsarin iri

Tun da yanayin girma na cucumbers a baranda suna kusa da greenhouse, ya kamata a shuka cucumbers a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Hakanan yana da kyau a zabi nau'in pollinated mai cin gashin kansa (Afrilu F1, Zozulya F1, Emelya F1, Matilda F1).

  1. Warming sama. Don wata daya kafin shuka, ci gaba da tsaba a cikin wurin dumi a zazzabi na + 25game daC.
  2. Rashin kamuwa da cuta. Shirya wani haske mai ruwan hoda mai haske na daskarar potassium (Mix 1 g na foda tare da 200 g na ruwa) kuma sanya tsaba a ciki na mintuna 20-25. Bayan haka cire, kurkura cikin ruwa mai tsabta kuma bushe kadan a kan adiko na goge baki.
  3. Soaking. Sanya wani yanki mai laushi mai laushi a kasan kwandon ko farantin, sanya tsaba a kai sannan ka rufe su da wani rigar ta biyu mai taushi. Cire kayan aikin a cikin wani wurin dumi na kwana 2, ka tabbata cewa masana'anta bata bushe.

Don tabbatar da haɓakar mafi kyau na tsaba, dole ne a sarrafa su kafin shuka.

Idan kun sayi tsaba, to, a hankali bincika marufi: yawancin masana'antun kansu suna aiwatar da maganin da ake buƙata kuma hakan yana nuna hakan. Idan kun sami irin wannan alamar, to kawai jiƙa.

Shuka tsaba

Don girma, zaku buƙaci kwalban lita biyar. Ana iya shuka tsaba 3-5 a cikin kowane kwalban, amma, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, kuna buƙatar barin 1 harbi mafi ƙarfi. Kuna iya cire sprouts marasa amfani yayin da aka ƙirƙiri ganye na gaske 2-3 akan su.

  1. Yanke saman kwalbar 4-5 cm a kasa da "kafadu" kuma yi ramuka magudana a gindin.
  2. Zuba 4-5 cm na kayan magudanar ruwa (m tsakuwa, ƙamshi, ƙwanƙwasa sphagnum, da sauransu).
  3. Cika kwalbar da ƙasa, bazai kai saman bakin 2-3 cm ba. Kuna iya ɗaukar cakuda kayan lambu na duniya, amma yana da kyau a shirya ƙasa da kanka: haxa ƙasa gona, takin, peat da sawdust daidai daidai. Hakanan ana bada shawara don ƙara ash a cikin ƙasa (0.3 tbsp. L / kg na ƙasa).
  4. Danshi ƙasa kuma yayi zurfin rami mai zurfi na 3-5 cm a ciki.
  5. A hankali sanya su a cikin iri 1 kuma yayyafa.
  6. A daskarar da albarkatun gona dan kadan tare da kwalban feshin, a rufe da saman da aka yanke da kuma sanyawa a cikin wurin mai dumin haske.
  7. Kuna iya canja wurin kwalabe zuwa baranda lokacin da yawan zafin jiki akan shi yayi daidai da +22game daC - +25game daC.

Don yin "greenhouse", kuna buƙatar cire ƙarshen kwalban ko kuma yin ramuka a ciki kuma yanke saman

Hakanan zaka iya shuka iri a farko a cikin kwantena daban, sannan kuma a juye shi cikin kwalba lokacin da tsiron ya samo ganyayyaki na gaske na ganyayyaki 2-3.

Don samun ƙananan ƙwayoyin talakawa sannan sanya shi a cikin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin kwalban, yi daidai, amma shuka a cikin kwantena daban (kofuna waɗanda peat suna da kyau) tare da ƙara 150-200 ml, sannan kuma ku rufe su da fim. Ranar shuka shine tsakiyar watan Afrilu.

Bidiyo: girma cucumbers a cikin kwalba

Karin cigaba

Don samar da cucumbers tare da kyawawan yanayi, wajibi ne don aiwatar da matakan kulawa da sauƙi.

Watse

Ana aiwatar dashi gwargwadon tsarin da aka biyo baya: shayar da seedlingsan yarinyar har zuwa kwanaki 20 da haihuwa sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 2, a cikin lokaci kafin fure - sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki na 5-7, sannan kuma kowane kwanaki 3-4. A wannan yanayin, yana da Dole a yi amfani da dumama (mai zafi a rana) ruwa. Ya kamata a shayar da tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin tushe, guje wa danshi a cikin ganyayyaki. Bayan kowace shayarwa, kar a manta da a hankali ku kwance ƙasa don kauce wa ɓoyewa da kuma samar da tushen samun oxygen.

Jirgin sama

Yi ƙoƙarin shawo kan amfanin gona sau 2 a rana tsawon mintuna 10, da ɗan motsi murfin ko fim. Hakanan cire cire condensate a cikin dace lokaci. Zai yuwu gaba daya cire kayan rufewar kai tsaye bayan fitowar sa.

Haske

Kokwamba tsire-tsire masu ƙauna ne masu haske, don haka yi ƙoƙarin nemo wani wuri mai kyawawan haske akan baranda. Amma ka tuna cewa hasken rana kai tsaye a yanayin zafi mai tsafta na iya cutar da wuraren sana'arka, saboda haka a irin waɗannan halayen ana bada shawara ga inuwa su.

Pollination

Idan kun zabi nau'in pollinating wanda ba mai nuna kansa ba, to lallai zaku aiwatar da wannan hanyar da kanku. Don yin wannan, a hankali bincika daji kuma ku sami furanni mata (suna kan ƙananan hatimi na kore) da furanni namiji. A hankali zai share ko kuma ya datse furen namiji ya cire dukkan abin fure don kawai al'auran ya kasance, sannan a hankali ya shafe su sau da yawa akan asalin tsakiya a cikin mace. Wasu lambu suna yin sauki: suna tattara pollen tare da swab, sa'an nan kuma canja shi zuwa wurin da ya dace.

Furannin furanni na kokwamba suna kan ƙananan like

Manyan miya

Tun da tsire-tsire kuna cikin kwantena tare da ƙarancin ƙasa kuma sabili da haka ba ku iya samun abinci mai yawa daga gare ta ba, babu shakka za a buƙaci a ciyar da su. Duk tsawon lokacin da kuke buƙatar ciyar da kayan miya 5 na kayan shuka:

  1. An fara ciyarwa a farkon farkon fure. Sinadaran: urea (1 tsp) + superphosphate (1 tsp) + potassium sulfate (1 tsp) + sodium humate (1 tbsp.) + Ruwa (10 l).
  2. An ciyar da na biyu kwanaki 10-12 bayan na farko. Abun ciki: potassium sulfate (1 tsp.) + Sodium humate (a maimakon sa zaku iya ɗaukar abun da ke cikin abinci mai kyau, dacewa, Noma - 2 tbsp.) + Ruwa (10 l).
  3. Abubuwan saka na uku da na gaba suna da tsari iri ɗaya kamar na biyu, kuma ana yin su 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 10-12.

Kar a manta cewa ya zama dole don kara abubuwan gina jiki ga kasar gona da ta bushe.

Baya ga tushen girki, spraying zai kuma zama da amfani ga cucumbers:

  • An fara ciyarwa a farkon farkon fure. Abun ciki: urea (1 tsp) + ruwa (1 l).
  • Na biyu saman miya ne da za'ayi a farkon fruiting. Sinadaran: urea (1/3 tsp) + ruwa (1 l).
  • Ana aiwatar da riguna na uku na uku tare da raguwa a cikin kayan aiki. Abun ciki: urea (1/4 tsp) + ruwa (1 l).

Bush samuwar

Wannan aikin ya haɗa da garter, pinching da pinching.

  • Garter Ga baranda yana da dacewa don amfani da grid tare da manyan sel, sanya shi kusa da kwalabe, ko igiya trellis. Don yin shi, igiya an shimfiɗa shi a sararin samaniya a ƙarƙashin rufin, sannan an haɗa madaidaiciya a tsaye (kar a manta a gyara ƙarshen ƙayyadaddun su, alal misali, ta hanyar sanya shi zuwa ƙaramin fegi wanda aka makale a cikin ƙasa ko kuma a hankali yana ɗaure madauki a kan karar kanta a nesa na 15 cm daga matakin ƙasa). Tsawon tsarin tallafawa dole ne ya zama aƙalla 1.5 m. Wajibi ne a gina shi a daidai lokacin da tsiron ya kai 20 cm a tsayi kuma antennae kuma kimanin ganye 7 suka bayyana a kai.

    A gida, grid tare da manyan sel na iya zama daidai a matsayin goyan baya ga kokwamba

  • Pinching da pinching. Matakai shine hanya don cire hanyoyin da suka gabata (matakai). Hanyoyin da aka kirkira a cikin sinuses na ganye na 5-6, ƙidaya daga ƙasa, ana batun cirewa. Kada ku yi jinkiri tare da aiwatar da wannan aikin: dole ne a cire matakai har sai tsawonsu bai wuce 3-5 cm ba. Ana kuma ba da shawarar ƙwararrun lambu da su karya duk ƙwayoyin da ke cikin sinus na ganyen 3-4 na farko.

Wajibi ne a cire duk matakai a lokaci, in ba haka ba adadin yawan amfanin ƙasa zai ragu sosai

Bayan kun gama matakan motsa jiki, fara pinching.

  1. A tsawo na 0.5 m, a yanka lashes domin 1 ovary da 'yan ganye kasance a kansu.
  2. A tsawo na 0.5-1 m, bar 3-4 lashes. A kowane ɗayansu ya kamata ya kasance 2 ovaries da ganye masu yawa. Cire tsawan tsayi.
  3. Kar a cire harbe a 0.5 m na gaba, amma a yanka su domin a bar 3-4 na ciki da 'yan ganye kaɗan akan kowane.
  4. A tsawo na 1.5 m, yanke tsakiyar shoot don dakatar da girma.

Pinching wani muhimmin bangare ne na ƙirƙirar daji kokwamba

Girbi

A matsayinka na mai mulki na gaba ɗaya, zaka iya tattara cucumbers a matakai daban-daban na ɗumbinsu - wannan gaskiyane ga duka buɗe da ƙasa mai kariya. A gida, samun adadin amfanin gona yana da wahala, don haka yanke shawara a gaba yadda kuke son amfani dashi daga baya, kuma ɗaukar kabejin lokacin da suka isa girman da kuke buƙata.

  • Don sabbin salati da salting - fruitsan fruitsan itun da suka kai tsawon 10 cm ko fiye.
  • Don canning - 'ya'yan itãcen marmari waɗanda suka kai tsawon 8-10 cm, wani lokacin 3-4 cm.

Zai fi kyau tara cucumbers da safe ko da yamma (an yi imanin cewa a wannan lokacin ne greenery ya fi girma da ƙarfi), a hankali yana yanke kara, don kada ya lalata faɗar. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, suna girbi lokaci 1 cikin kwanaki 2. Ba'a ba da shawarar yin watsi da sharuɗɗa ba, saboda a wannan yanayin ingancin 'ya'yan itacen ya ragu (fatar jiki ta fara, yellowness ya bayyana, da dai sauransu) da kuma yawan sabbin ƙwayoyin kwayoyi suna raguwa, kamar yadda shuka ke bayar da kuzari a kan ci gaban' ya'yan itaciyar da aka riga aka kafa. A gida, yana da wahala kada a lura da Zelentsy, amma yana da kyau a kula da harbe-harbe da ke cikin wuraren da ba a jin daɗi (alal misali, a ƙarƙashin rufi).

Amfani da kwalabe na filastik don tsiron cucumbers a filin budewa

Don samar da cucumbers tare da yanayi mai kyau don haɓaka, ya zama dole don kulawa da hankali ba kawai dasa kansa ba, har ma zaɓi da kuma shirya shafin.

Shirya shafin

Don kokwamba, yana da kyau zaɓi wani wuri mai laushi mai yashi mai laushi ko ƙasa loamy, ruwan ƙasa ya kamata ya kwanta a zurfin 1.5 m. Idan kana son dasa shuki a kan gado, to, yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar yanki mai ba da rana da shinge. Lokacin dasa shuki cucumbers, ana bada shawara yin la'akari da jujjuyawar amfanin gona: wannan amfanin gona yayi girma sosai a inda dankali, tumatir, albasa, kabeji da ciyawar kore (alfalfa, Clover, hatsin rai, mustard, da sauransu) a baya can, kuma a sake dasa shukokin a wuri guda bayan kabewa (kabewa, kankana, squash, squash) ba a so.

Zai fi kyau shirya wurin a cikin bazara, amma kuma an ba da izinin bazara, kimanin makonni 3 kafin dasawa. A saboda wannan dalili, ƙara kwayoyin halitta don haƙa (taki mai jujjuya, takin ko humus) - 6-8 kg / m2 da hadaddun ma'adinai - nitonium nitrate (15 g / m2) + superphosphate (40 g / m2) + ash (200 g / m2) ko gishiri mai gishiri (25 g / m2).

Kafin dasa shuki cucumbers, ƙasa akan gado tana buƙatar haɓakawa

Idan ya cancanta, yanke shi kwanaki 10 kafin inganta ƙasa ta ƙara lemon tsami (200-300 g / m) don haƙa2) ko gari dolomite (350-400 g / m2).

Alamar kasar gona mai yawan acidic ce mai yawa da gansakuka ko kayan kwalliya, filastar wuta da ruwa mai kauri a cikin ramuka.

Idan kun shirya gado a kaka, to sai ku tono shi sannan ku kwance shi kafin dasawa, sannan ku samar da gado. Idan kun hadu da kasar gona a bazara, zai zama abu ne da babu makawa a tono maƙarƙashiya da farar fata, don sassautawa, sannan kuma samar da gado.

Hanyoyi don amfani da kwalabe na filastik lokacin dasa shuki

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana dasa harbe a cikin ƙasa yana da shekaru 20-25, watau, a ƙarshen ƙarshen Mayu. A wannan gaba, ya kamata su sami ganye na ainihi 3-4. Baya ga lokacin ƙarshe, la'akari da ingancin ƙasa: idan baku inganta ƙasa ba, to, lokacin dasawa, ƙara 0.5-0.7 kilogiram na humus ko takin da 1/5 kofin ash a ƙarshen ramin, da 0.15-0 zuwa kasan ramin, 2 kilogiram na kwayoyin da 2 tbsp. l ash kuma danshi.

Saukowa tare da kwalban

  1. A cikin ƙasar da aka shirya, tono rami irin wannan girman da kwalban ya dace da shi. Lura cewa ƙasa a cikin kwalbar ya kamata ya zama daidai tare da ƙasa akan gado.
  2. A hankali cire ƙarshen kwalbar ka sanya shi a ramin.
  3. Cika fanko sarari tsakanin bangon ramin da bangon kwalban tare da ƙasa don ba shi kwanciyar hankali.
  4. A hankali a sanyaya shuka a ƙarƙashin tushe.

Don yin hakan a sauƙaƙe don yanke ƙasa, yawancin lambu suna yin yanka sau biyu a kwance a cikin kowane bangon kwalban, ramuka 2-3 a tsayin 1.5-2 cm daga ƙasa, sannan kuma an zubar da kayan abu da ƙasa.

Fit a cikin bakin filastik

A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar amfani da seedlings da aka shirya a cikin kwantena daban.

  • A cikin rijiyoyin da aka shirya, sanya sprouts tare da dunƙule na duniya ko kopin peat.
  • Yayyafa da ƙasa da ruwa.
  • Cire saman kwalbar ta hanyar kafadu ko 2-3 cm a ƙasa da ƙasa.
  • Sanya murfin da aka girka a gefen dunƙule ya tura shi 3-5 cm a cikin ƙasa.
  • Sanya fitar da tsirar a ƙarƙashin abin rufe murfin.

Rim ɗin filastik yana aiki azaman kariya mai kyau daga kwari.

Lambun da ke da gogewa ta amfani da kwalba don tsiron yawu sun ce filayen filastik suna taimakawa kare tsirrai daga beyar, rage adadin ciyawar kai tsaye a cikin bushes, da adana ruwa lokacin shayarwa, saboda ruwan zai kasance a cikin shinge, kuma ba yada a farfajiya.

Kaya Fit

Idan baku da damar samar da fure tare da matsuguni na wucin gadi a cikin kwanakin farko na 5-7 bayan dasawa, to zaku iya amfani da kyau sosai don yanke "murfin gida". Wasu yan lambu sun fi son nau'in fili mai yawa na “greenhouse” kuma cire kasan kwalabe.

  1. A cikin rijiyoyin da aka shirya, sanya sprouts tare da dunƙule na duniya ko kopin peat.
  2. Yayyafa da ƙasa da ruwa.
  3. A hankali rufe sprout tare da hula, turawa gefuna 3-4 cm cikin ƙasa. Hakanan a tuna don cire murfin.

Ana amfani da kwalba na lita biyar a matsayin mafaka na ɗan lokaci.

Bidiyo: yadda ake dasa cucumbers a karkashin kaho

Siffofin Kulawa

Matakan kulawa kusan iri ɗaya ne kamar waɗanda aka ba da shawarar haɓaka gida, amma akwai fasali da yawa:

  • Madadin sodium humate, a cikin ciyarwa na farko, yi amfani da tsinkewar kaji (1 sashin kwayoyin a kowace ruwa 15), na biyu kuma mai zuwa - mullein (1 sassan kwayoyin 1 ga sassan ruwa 6).
  • Idan kayi girma cucumbers a cikin greenhouse, to, shirya iska bayan kowace watering.
  • Kar ka manta da ciyawa da dasa. Sawdust ko bambaro da aka yafa tare da Layer of 5 cm ya dace sosai don wannan dalili.Haka kuma, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, ciyawar ciyawa tana buƙatar sabuntawa.
  • Saƙa gado a kai a kai.
  • Adana girbi a cikin sanyi, wuri mai duhu. Idan akwai bukatar a rufe ta, to sai a yi amfani da burlap ko kayan auduga, ba fim ba.

Kamar yadda kake gani, sanya cucumbers a cikin kwalba ba abu bane mai wahala, kuma zaka iya shawo kan sa gabaɗaya koda rashin kwarewa. Aikata dukkan ayyukan akan lokaci kuma kar ku manta da kula da tsirranku, kuma zaku sami damar girbi mai kyau a gida da gonar.

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