Siffar cutarwa na currants a lokuta daban-daban na shekara, wanda aka fi ƙera shi cuttings

Hanyar ciyayi, wanda sabon shuka ya girma daga wani yanki na tsohuwar igiyar ciki, ana ɗauka mafi kyau don yaduwar currants. Ta hanyar yankan, ana samun adadi mai yawa na matasa, ana samun su ne ta hanyar daidaitattun kwayoyin halitta da adana kyawawan halaye.

Yadda za a yanka currant

Tsarin haifuwa na currants yawanci ba ya gabatar da matsaloli, idan kun bi shawarwarin da dama. Hanyar itace ya hada da manyan matakai guda hudu:

1. Zabi daji mai dacewa don grafting.
2. Itace girbi.
3. Dasa shuka.
4. Kulawar ƙasa.

Zabin uwa shuka da kayan aiki

Kafin tafiya zuwa mataki na farko, wajibi ne don aiwatar da aikin shirya. Ya ƙunshi daidai zabi na uwar shuka don samun adadi mai yawa na kyawawan tsire-tsire. Kada ku ɗauki abu mai dasa daga daji bazuwar. An ba da shawarar yin nazarin yawan amfanin ƙasa na shekaru 2-3 da suka gabata kuma a hankali bincika currants.

Bushes sun dace da tattara kayan:

• mai karfi, lafiya;
• kwari da cututtuka;
• yalwar 'ya'ya.

A currant daji na cuttings ya zama lafiya da alheri yalwa

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, tsire-tsire masu shekaru 4-5 sun fi dacewa da yan itace.

Yana da mahimmanci a yi aiki tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi don yankewa ya zama lebur, ba tsagewa. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da wuka, saboda girke-girke na iya girki twigs kuma cut ɗin zai zama mara kyau. Dukkanin abubuwanda ake yankan gaban-jiki an riga an gurbata su da wasu abubuwan da ke dauke da giya ko kuma an tafasa su da ruwan zãfi.

Yanke sare currant mafi kyau tare da ta musamman kaifi wuka datsa da harbe

Itace girbi

Yanke na iya zama:

• lignified
• kore
• a hade.

Lignified cuttings

Consideredasar tsere ta shekarar da ta gabata ana ɗaukar lamuranta. Haushi irin wannan reshe yana da wahala kuma yana da laushi, yana da launin ruwan kasa. Don grafting, ana ɗaukar harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara a bara. Waɗannan rassan suna girma daga tushe, ko sabon harbe a kan rassan shekaru 2-3.

Fresh cuttings na currant a kan rassan shekaru 2-3 sun dace kamar yan itace

Ana yin talla ta amfani da wannan fasaha:

1. An yanke harbe a gindi ba tare da hemp ba, diamita na reshe ya kasance akalla 7-10 cm.
2. An yanke yankan daga tsakiyar reshe. Kowane tsayi kusan 15-20 cm, 4-5 yara masu lafiya ya kamata a kasance a kansu. Kada ku sa tsintsin ɗin ya fi tsayi, saboda a wannan yanayin dasa yana da rikitarwa kuma akwai haɗarin rauni ga tushen yayin dasawa.
3. A ƙarshen ƙarshen, ana yin yanke wannan a kusurwar dama kuma 1-1.5 cm a ƙarƙashin ƙodan .. Yanke tare da babban gefen an yi shi a kusurwa na 45-60 ° da 1-1.5 cm a sama da koda. Itace akan katako ya kasance yana da haske kore launi.
4. Idan ba a shirya dasa kayan kai tsaye ba, to ana bada shawara don sa mai da abubuwan da aka sare tare da furen lambun ko kakin zuma.

Kowane shan currant yakamata ya sami kodan 4-5 masu lafiya

A girbi na lignified cuttings ne da za'ayi duka a kaka da farkon bazara.

Ganyen kore

Ana amfani da sabbin harbe-harben sabuwar shekara, wanda tuni sun fara itace, amma har yanzu suna da launi mai launi. Dole ne su zama mai jurewa kuma ba karya lokacin da lanƙwasa.

An yanke furanni kore daga harbe na matasa na wannan shekara

An ba da shawarar a yanke dusar ƙanƙanni a ranar girgije lokacin da zafin jiki ya sauka kusa da +20 ° C.

1. An yanke rassan da aka zaɓa daga daji.
2. Don ƙwanƙwaran, an dauki sashin tsakiya (ƙananan sashi ba ya yin tushe sosai, kuma ɓangaren na sama mai yiwuwa zai daskare saboda katako ba shi da lokacin yin riba).
3. Yanke tare da ganye 3-4 suna yanke, game da 15 cm a tsawon.
4. Yankin apical an yi 1 cm sama da koda na sama; daga ƙasa, an yanke dunƙule kamar 1 cm ƙasa da ƙodan da ya gabata.
5. Ana cire ƙananan ganye, babba a gajarta su biyu a rage yawan danshi.

An yanka ganye a rabi don rage ɗumbin danshi

Sa'an nan ana sanya cuttings a cikin ruwa mai laushi ko a cikin maganin kowane haɓaka mai ƙarfi. Shuka yakamata a yi kusan nan da nan, tunda ba za'a iya adana kayan dasawa na dogon lokaci.

An yanke kore kore a watan Yuni ko Yuli, a lokacin da ake yawan ci gaban currants.

Abun da aka haɗa tare da shi

Abun da aka haɗa sune rassan haɓaka na shekara-shekara waɗanda ke da ɓangaren itace na bara. Yawancin lokaci wannan shine harbe-harbe na gefen wannan shekara, wanda ya girma akan rassa na bara. An yanke cut ɗin a cikin hanyar cewa kashi biyu na shekaru 3-5 cm tsayi (an samo ta a wani kusurwa don riƙe kanta). Lokaci mafi dacewa don girbi irin wannan itace zai zama ƙarshen Mayu da farkon watan Yuni.

Haɗe tare da yanke currant tare da yanke tare da diddige 3-5 cm tsayi

Itace kaka

A cikin bazara, ana aiwatar da cuttings ta amfani da layin lignified, girbin wanda za'a iya haɗuwa dashi tare da dasa shuki. An ba da shawarar yin wannan da wuri-wuri, har sai lokacin da ruwan ya fara gudana kuma kodan bai kumbura ba. Don tushen dasa kayan da aka girbe, zaku iya:

• a cikin ruwa
• a cikin ƙasa.

Don dasa shuki, an yanka geran da aka yanke a lokacin kaka.

Rooting cikin ruwa

Hanyar grafting cikin ruwa mai sauqi qwarai kuma mai sauri.

1. An sanya yankan cut a cikin jiragen ruwa tare da ruwa (gilashin gilashin, gilashin, kwalabe filastik) na guda 3-4. Ruwa ya kamata ya rufe ƙananan ƙananan kodan biyu.
   

   An sanya ƙananan currant a cikin kwalba domin ruwan ya rufe ƙananan ƙodan biyu

2. Sannan an fallasa tsintsaye a wuri mai haske, amma ba ƙarƙashin hasken rana ba.
3. Bayan kamar sati guda, kodan ya kumbura, kuma bayan biyu, ganyen ya buɗe.
4. Idan akwai furanni, to, ana cire su saboda kar su sace shukar ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
5. Alamar farko na samuwar tushen tsarin (tubercles) sun bayyana a makonni 1-1.5. Lokacin da tsawon Tushen ya wuce 5 cm kuma tushen lobe ya wadatu sosai, ana rarraba cutukan a cikin kwantena daban. Wajibi ne a kula da matakin ruwa a cikin tabarau kuma canza shi akai-akai.
6. An dasa kayan shuka a cikin ƙasa bayan makonni 2-3, lokacin da aka kafa tushen ƙarfi.
7. A cikin kaka, ana shuka tsiran bushes.

Currant cuttings dasa a cikin ƙasa lokacin da dawowa frosts ƙare

Ya kamata ya jagoranci yanayin yanayi na gida kuma ba ci gaba tare da saukowa ba, yayin da barazanar dawowar daskararru ya kasance.

Saukowa

Yatse lignified cuttings za a iya kafe kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa. Tsarin dasa shuki yana buƙatar yin shiri a gaba kuma ya hadu da kyau (a 1 m² ƙasa ɗaukar kilogiram 5-6 na peat da humus, 40-60 g na superphosphate da 15-20 g na potassium sulfate). Bayan wannan, suka fara sauka.

1. Sun tono rami mai nisan kusan 20-30 cm kuma zurfin iri ɗaya. Kabarin yana cike da gaurayawar ƙasa daga ƙasa, takin da aka huɗa, peat da humus, ana ɗauka daidai. A cikin ƙasa cikakken da narke ruwa, cuttings da sauri dauke tushe.
2. An dasa su ba kusa da 10-15 cm daga juna a wani kusurwa na 45 °. Sama da ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance 1-2 kodan. Tsakanin layuka na yankan barin kusan 50 cm.
   

   Ana dasa shuki na currant a cikin maɓuɓɓugan a kusurwar 45 ° - saboda haka zasu fi kyau daji

3. Isasa ta matse sosai (an tattake ta), sannan a shayar da ita sosai. Don hana daskararwa danshi, ƙasa an rufe ta da ciyawa daga humus ko peat (3-5 cm).
4. Don hanzarta tsarin tushen, ana rufe plantings da fim ko kayan rufewa.

A cikin ƙasa cikakken da meltwater, currant cuttings dauki tushen quite da sauri.

Kimanin wata daya, kuna buƙatar shayar da plantings yau da kullun. Idan an kiyaye matakan girman zafi koyaushe, to, a cikin fall har zuwa 90% na cuttings suna da tushe. An dasa su a cikin dindindin wuri wannan faɗuwar ko kuma bazara mai zuwa.

Yanke currants a lokacin rani

Kuna iya samun nasarar yada currants a lokacin rani, ta amfani da kore kore. Lokaci mai dacewa don lokacin rani ana ɗaukar lokacin daga tsakiyar Yuni zuwa farkon Yuli. A wannan lokacin, shuka yana girma sosai kuma akwai ƙarin damar aminci mai aminci.

Kada a aiwatar da hanyar a ranar zafi mai zafi. Don dasa shuki, mafi yawan zafin jiki shine kimanin +20 ° C.

Green currant cuttings ana shuka su ne nan da nan a cikin ƙasa

Ana saukar da ƙasa bisa ga wannan makirci:

1. Nan da nan bayan yankan, rassan suna soyi na tsawon awanni 10-12 cikin ruwa tare da ƙari da haɓaka mai haɓaka (Epin, Heteroauxin, da sauransu).
2. Filin saukar da ƙasa an shirya shi ne a cikin kora ko ƙasa. Haɗin ƙasa ya ƙunshi daidai sassan peat, ƙasa mai kyau, takin da yashi kogin.
3. Yankuna suna zurfafa ta 2-3 cm .. Tsakanin su suna da nisanci kusan cm 6.
4. Kowane seedling an rufe shi da gilashin gilashi ko gilashi amintacce.
5. Babban yanayin don ci gaban nasara na kore kore shine don kula da matakan zafi a koyaushe. Don yin wannan, ana shayar da su kuma suna fesa sau da yawa a rana. Inasar da tsire-tsire girma a koyaushe dole ne a jika.
6. Shaaurawar arean itace suna girgiza daga haɗuwa da hasken rana kai tsaye domin babu ƙonewa.
7. Bayan makonni 2-3, lokacin da tushe ya faru, rage ruwa zuwa sau ɗaya a rana.
8. Ana ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da takin mai magani na nitrogenous (40 g na urea da lita 10 na ruwa) a hankali a buɗe, yana buɗe buɗe yanayin ƙasa.
9. A cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa, ana shuka itace a cikin abun yanka don girma.
   

   Gwanin katako akwati ne na dasa itace ba tare da tushe ba, an rufe shi da fim ko murfin gilashi
10. Matasa seedlings suna dasa shi zuwa wuri na dindindin a cikin fall, wato, shekara guda bayan an yanke itace.

Don dasa shuki lokacin rani, ana amfani da greenan itacen kore tare da wani ɓangaren itacen da ake amfani da su.

Itace kaka

Autumn an ​​dauki lokacin da ya dace don yankan blackberries. A ƙarshen Satumba ko farkon Oktoba (dangane da gida sauyin yanayi), lokacin da ganye sun riga sun fadi kuma ya kwarara ruwan itace slows ,asa, lignified cuttings suna yanke.

Bayan yankan tare da dasa kayan, suna yin abubuwa dabam dabam dangane da maƙasudin lambu:

• dasa kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude;
• kafe a cikin kwantena tare da ƙasa kuma ya sa a cikin ɗakin har sai lokacin bazara.
• adana a cikin jihar barci.

Autumn an ​​dauki mafi dace lokacin girbi currant cuttings

Dasa iri a cikin lambu

Yankin saukowa yakamata ya zama rana da tsabtacewa daga iska. Ana buƙatar shirya gado a gaba - kimanin makonni 2 kafin ranar da ake tsammanin.

1. Acidic kasa ana lalata su ta hanyar iska, ash ko alli, tunda currants baya jure yawan acid din.
2. Sannan takin gargajiya (taki, takin, peat) an gabatar dasu cikin ƙasa ko a maye gurbinsu da takin ma'adinai: 20 g na potassium sulfate da 50 g na superphosphate na biyu a kowace 1 m².
3. Kwancen da aka haife shi an haƙa shi da zurfin aƙalla 30 cm.

Lokacin tono mai zurfi, kwari da lardin su, waɗanda suka shiga cikin ƙasa don hunturu, zasu kasance a farfajiya kuma daskarewa daga sanyi.

Yankakken currant cuttings ana dasa su a tsummoki a wani kwana

Shirya saukowar tsalle-tsalle 40 cm kuma fara saukowa.

1. Sandunan da aka suturta suna makale a cikin ƙasa a wani kusurwa na 45-60 ° kuma a nesa na 15-20 cm daga juna.
2. An yi zurfin ciki kimanin 6 cm, saboda kodan 2-3 ya kasance sama da ƙasa.
3. Bayan haka, duniya tana kusa da kowane reshe an yi amfani da shi sosai a hankali don guje wa samuwar cajin iska kuma an zubar da ruwa da yawa.
4. An rufe ciyayi tare da ciyawa mai ciyawa (5-10 cm) daga peat, bambaro ko ganyayyaki da suka faɗi.

Idan yana da dumi na dogon lokaci a cikin kaka, to dasa shuki currant cuttings buƙatar a shayar da su akai-akai.

A cikin bazara, seedlings kusan nan da nan fara girma da himma, kuma tuni a cikin kaka ana iya dasa su a cikin dindindin.

Disembarkation a cikin tanki

Kuna iya dasa shuki a girbe a cikin kwantena daban tare da abin canzawa. Har sai lokacin bazara, dole ne a kiyaye su a cikin yanayi na daki.

1. Abubuwan amfani da dasa shuki (tukwane, gilashin filastik, jakunkuna madara, da sauransu) suna cike da cakuda ƙasa mai gona, humus, peat da kuma yashi rafi, waɗanda ake ɗauka daidai gwargwado. Ana jefa karamin magudanar ruwa a cikin kasa (shimfidar yumbu, karamin dutse, shards mai fashewa, da sauransu) kuma an yi rami (a rashi).
2. An dasa yankan a cikin madubi, barin 2-3 buds sama da matakin ƙasa.
3. To, kasar tana da kyau murƙushe da rammed tare da yatsunsu, shayar.
4. Bijirar da shi ga wurin da aka kunna (murfin window).

A cikin kaka, ana iya dasa shukar currant a cikin substrate, inda zasu yi girma har sai lokacin bazara

Kula kafin bazara zata ƙunshi yawan ruwa na yau da kullun. Lokacin da yanayin zafin rana ya isa + 13 ... +15 ° C, ana dasa shuki a ƙasa a buɗe. Ana iya gano su nan da nan a cikin dindindin, ko za a iya dasa su a gonar har faɗuwar don girma.

Storage na cuttings har sai lokacin bazara

Ba lallai ba ne a dasa shuki lignified cuttings, za'a iya adana kayan dasa har sai dumama ba tare da tushe ba.

1. Bayan yanka, sai a tsabtace sassan a hankali a cikin ruwa paraffin ko kakin zuma don kada danshi ya ƙazantu kuma thean itacen ba su bushe ba.
2. Bayan an yanka igiyoyi ta hanyar girman, a ɗaure a cikin ɗayan layuka 10-20.
3. Daga nan sai su lullube shi a cikin tsare ko sanya shi a cikin kwalbar filastik yanka.
4. Lokaci-lokaci, daure da aka bude na bude iska da dubawa domin kasalawar cututtukan fungal.

Kuna iya adana abubuwan ɗorawa a kan ɓoyayyen ƙasa na firiji, kuma idan kun yanke yankan a cikin yashi ko ɗamara, zaku iya ajiye su a cikin ginshiki ko cellar.

Gardenerswararrun lambu sun ba da shawarar binne yankuna a cikin dusar kankara mai zurfi.

Currant cuttings za'a iya adanar su a cikin firiji.

Tare da farko na kwanaki masu dumi, ana shuka kayan dasa a cikin ƙasa buɗe a wurin.

Yanke currants a cikin hunturu

Ga waɗancan lambu da kuma mazauna bazara waɗanda ke rayuwa a kan rukuninsu na dindindin, ƙyamar currant a cikin watanni hunturu sun dace.

1. An yanke rassan shekara-shekara daga farkon Disamba zuwa ƙarshen Fabrairu.
2. Sliced ​​twigs an sanya shi a cikin akwati tare da ruwan zaki (¼ teaspoon ta 1 lita na ruwa) kuma saka a kan windowsill.
3. Lokacin da Tushen ya bayyana (bayan kwanaki 25-30), ana shuka iri a cikin kwantena daban a cikin substrate.
4. Sannan a shayar dasu a kai a kai kuma a kula dasu domin su kasance suna dumama kullun.

Ana iya yanka currants ko da a cikin hunturu

Don hana cuttings ya zama sanyi, ana iya sanya kumfa a ƙarƙashin kwano.

Takardun ganye sukan fito da watan Fabrairu. A watan Mayu, lokacin da ba za a iya samun frosts ba, ana dasa bishiyoyin a cikin ƙasa a wurin.

Kula da yanke

Mai zuwa kulawa da irin itacen da aka dasa ba shi da wahala musamman. Yana da Dole a kaike sako ciyawa a kai a kai kuma a kwance ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci ruwa plantings a kan kari, tun da bushewa daga cikin ƙasa barnatar da shafi matasa seedlings. Ba tare da ragi ba, ya kamata a cire dukkanin goge-fure na fure, saboda suna kwashe abubuwan gina jiki daga cutan kuma suna rage ci gaban su.

Dasa dasa currant cuttings bukatar a shayar da kyau

Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar ciyar da akalla sau biyu a wata. Don wannan, ana amfani da takin mai ma'adinai ko hadaddun kwayoyin halitta (bisa ga umarnin). Wuce sashi na takin mai magani ba da shawarar, saboda wannan zai cutar da ci gaban currants.

Matasa bushes sunyi kyau sosai ga aikace-aikacen da takin mai magani na nitrogen (urea, nitrophoska, ammonium nitrate) a cikin kuɗi na 3-5 g a 1 m². A cikin lokacin girma, ana aiwatar da miya babba sau uku:

• a farkon girma (a watan Mayu);
• a cikin lokaci na haɓaka mai sauri (daga Yuni zuwa Yuli);
• kusa da ƙarshen Yuli, idan bushes ne talauci ci gaba.

An ba da shawarar a hada saman miya da ruwa. Za ka iya ruwa mai rauni jiko na sabo taki ta ƙara ɗan yankakken itace ash ga abun da ke ciki.

Abubuwan da aka dasa da kyau kuma an dasa shuki masu kwari zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.Zai fi kyau a yi wannan ta hanyar jinginawa, ƙoƙarin kada ya lalata ƙurar ƙuraje. Yawancin lokaci lokaci ɗaya ya isa ga cikakken samuwar zuriya. Amma idan saboda wasu dalilai yasa shuka ba shi da talauci, to ana iya barin ya girma a cikin tsohuwar wurin don bazara.

Bidiyo: yadda ake yanka currants

Yanke currants za a iya za'ayi a kowane lokaci na shekara. Wannan al'ada ta Berry tana da sauƙin jure irin wannan hanyar kuma tana gafarta kurakurai da yawa. Ko da wani lambu mai novice zai iya jure wannan. Ta wannan hanyar, zaku iya yaduwar nau'ikan da kuka fi so, tare da samun sabon shuka na matasa maimakon tsohuwar da ba ta da 'ya'ya.