Ofaya daga cikin radishes na farko yana kawo samfuran bitamin zuwa teburinmu. Kuma ko da akwai ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki a ciki, ana mutunta shi: bayan komai, yana ƙaddamar da isar da kayan ci gaba na amfanin gona, wanda zai yi aiki na watanni da yawa. Shuka radishes mai sauƙi ne, amma ba koyaushe ba koyaushe, yana girma sosai.
Lokacin dasa shuki radish a cikin ƙasa, lokacin germination
Radish shine farkon shuka da ciyawar sanyi, ana iya shuka shi da wuri, kuma cikin wata guda lokaci ya girbe iri na farko. Kuna iya samun amfanin gona na radish duk lokacin bazara, amma a cikin bazara kawai akwai buƙatar gaggawa a gare shi: to sauran kayan lambu sun zo don maye gurbin radish.
Radish sprouts yi haƙuri frosts -4 game daC, da tsirrai masu tsayayya da -6 game daC. Ana shuka shi lokacin da ƙasa tayi zafi har zuwa 7 game daC, da tsire-tsire suna haɓaka mafi kyau da tushen tushe a 16-20 game daC. A bisa ka'ida, tsaba suna girma tuni a mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki, amma idan yanayin tsawan sanyi, ba amfanin gona ba, amma kiban furanni kawai ake iya samarwa daga tsire.
Sabili da haka, idan akwai sha'awar shuka tsaba a farkon (a cikin Maris), ya kamata a zubar da tsummoki tare da ruwan zafi, kuma a rufe amfanin gona da kayan da ba a saka ba. Za'a iya yin wannan lokacin da babban ganyen 3-4 cm ya ɓoye.
Radish baya jin tsoron sanyi, har ma da harbe-harbe ba sa mutu a cikin tsananin sanyi
Mafi kyawun ranakun don dasa radishes sune a watan Afrilu: a tsakiyar layi a tsakiyar watan, a kudu - a farkon, kuma galibi tuni a cikin Maris, kuma a arewa - kusa da hutu na May. Tsaba peck da sauri: a cikin yanayin dumi, wannan na iya faruwa bayan kwanaki 4-5, a watan Afrilu, tare da zafi matsakaici, bayan sati ɗaya ko rabi.
Bayan mun girbe, zaku iya sake shuka radish, amma shuka ta ƙarshe ana yin ta ne ba ƙarshen Mayarshen Mayu ba: daga Yuni ko Yuli shuka zaku iya samun fure kawai, tunda radish ɗin ba ya kafa tushen amfanin gona a cikin sa'o'in hasken rana ba. Hakanan zaka iya, rufe gadaje kullun daga rana, amma "ba shi da mahimmanci." Gaskiya ne, akwai nau'ikan da ba su harbi (Vera, Tarzan, da sauransu), amma ya fi kyau don ci gaba da shuka, idan kuna so, kawai a watan Agusta.
Zabi da kuma shirin kasar gona, gadaje
Ba duk yan lambu suke samun radishes mai kyau ba. Ba ya yarda da shading kwata-kwata, yayi girma a cikin kasa na yumbu. Al'adar ji mafi kyau a kan ƙasa na gina jiki kasa na haske abun da ke ciki. Dole ne a ƙara yashi a cikin ƙasa. Radish kada yayi girma a cikin gado takin tare da sabo taki, amma dole ne a ƙara humus a cikin fall. Al'ada - har zuwa buhu biyu a 1 m2.
Radish ke tsiro mafi kyau bayan cucumbers, tumatir, Peas, karas. Magabata marasa kyau dukkansu masu gicciye ne, gami da kabeji.
A cikin bazara, gado da aka shirya daga kaka yana kwance ne kawai tare da rake mai nauyi, bayan yayyafa 30-40 g na ammonium nitrate ko urea ta 1 m2. A waɗancan yankuna inda ake al'ada don shirya manyan gadaje, wannan ma magana ce ta yanayin dasa shuki, ƙari sau da yawa wannan ba wajibi bane.
Ana bincika tsaba don shuka da kuma shirya su don dasa
Ana adana tsaba na radish na wani lokaci mai tsawo: germination fara ragewa ne kawai bayan shekaru 5. Idan tsoffin tsaba suna cikin gidan, kafin shuka shi ya fi kyau a bincika haɓarsu a cikin hanyar da ta saba: sanya dozin tsaba a kan zane mai bushe da ci gaba da ɗakin zazzabi. Bayan kwanaki 10, waɗanda zasu iya hawa lalle haɓaka. Bayan kirga yawan adadin seedlings, zaku iya yanke hukunci don kanku ko ku sayi sabbin tsaba.
Abubuwan da ke cikin radish sunyi girma sosai, yana da sauƙin rikewa
Don samun tushen tushen albarkatu mai ƙarfi a farkon matakai, ana iya daidaita tsaba ta amfani da sieves na musamman: mafi kyawun tsaba suna da diamita na akalla 2 mm. Ba kwa buƙatar yin wani abu tare da su, yawanci ana girbe radishes tare da bushe tsaba.
Wasu masoya suna jiƙa tsaba har tsawon awanni 6-8, ko ma a jira har sai sun ciji. Babu tabbas cewa wannan ya ba da ma'ana mai yawa: amfanin gona na iya yayyafa kwanaki 1-2 kawai, kuma za a sami ƙarin wahala da taurare. Bugu da ƙari, irin waɗannan tsaba a cikin taron rashin sanyi na iya mutuwa.
Dokoki don dasa shuki a daskararre a kasa, dasa abubuwa
Shuka tsaba a gonar an yi shi ne bisa ga ka'idojin da aka saba don lambu. Tare da kusurwar hoe ko kuma tare da taimakon reiki, ana yin tsinkar tsagi a nesa na 10 cm don farkon iri cikakke zuwa 15-20 cm don marigayi cikakke. Nau'in farkon, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna buƙatar ƙaramin yanki don ciyarwa, kuma an ɗora tsaba a kowane cm 3. Don nau'in marigayi-ripening, 5 zuwa 8 cm an bar tsakanin tsaba. Shuka denser ba zai haifar da ajiyar sarari ba, amma ga mummunan sakamako: ba za'a iya samun ingantaccen amfanin gona ba.
Zurfin shuka tsaba shine 1.5-2 cm: tunda radishes sunada girma, zaku iya yanke su daban-daban. Idan akwai tsaba da yawa, wani lokacin ana shuka su ta amfani da hanyar “gishiri akan gado”, amma nan da nan bayan fitowar ya kamata a fitar da bakinsu ba tare da tsangwama ba. Bayan yin shuka, an yayyafa tsaba tare da ƙasa, ko kuma yana yiwuwa tare da humus ko peat, kuma gado ya ɗan ƙwanƙwasa.
Hanyar shuka ba ta da bambanci da shuka iri na kayan lambu
Akwai karamin bayani game da shuka iri na wadancan nau'ikan radishes da ke samar da amfanin gona mai lalacewa (alal misali, icicle). Wannan radish a lokacin girman tushen albarkatun gona kadan ne. Don sauƙaƙe yin wannan, lokacin shuka, an shirya furrows mai zurfi, har zuwa 5 cm zurfi, amma tsaba da aka shimfiɗa a cikinsu har yanzu suna rufe da ƙasa mai santimita biyu na ƙasa: har zuwa ƙarshen furrow, ana rufe su daga baya.
An shayar da gadonta a hankali daga wani abin sha tare da shawo kuma an rufe shi da fim har sai harbe ya bayyana. Idan an riga an kafa zafi mai ƙarfi, zaka iya amfani da spanbond, ko ma kayi ba tare da tsari ba.
Bidiyo: shuka shukar shishshigi a gonar
Wasu lambu suna shuka radishes a cikin katunan kwai. Don haka, suna samun ajiyan iri kuma suna sa shuka su zama iri. The fi fi a cikin sel, an dage farawa a kan gado tare da ramuka a ƙasa, sel an guga man kadan. Don ƙarfi, an sanya su a ƙasa, alal misali, tare da katon waya. An shuka tsaba da aka zubar, daya a cikin kowane “rami”, bayan haka sel suna cika da ƙasa kuma ana shayar dasu.
A cikin ƙwayoyin kwai, radishes za'a iya shuka shi a ko'ina
Kula da girbi
Kulawa da radish mai sauki ne, amma ana buƙata koyaushe: ba za a bar gado a mako guda ba. Saboda haka, waɗannan mazaunan bazara waɗanda zasu iya ziyartar shafuka kawai a ƙarshen karshen mako da wuya su shuka amfanin gona mai kyau. Labari ne game da shayarwa: gado bai taɓa bushewa ba. Ko da wani yanki na ciyawa ba koyaushe yake adanawa ba, kuna buƙatar shayar da radish sau da yawa. Moistureasa taushi ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 80% na iyakar ƙarfin. Idan ba ku sha ruwa da radish ba, tushen amfanin gona ba zai yi girma ba ko kaɗan, ko kuma zai kasance matsanancin zagi, kuma galibi daga fari, tsire-tsire suna zuwa kibiya kawai.
Amma ba zai yiwu ba kuyi gonar: ruwa mai yawa yana iya haifar da fashewar amfanin gona. Koyaya, koda a cikin yanayi na yau da kullun ana buƙatar shayar da radish kowace rana (safe ko maraice), kuma a cikin yanayin bushe - sau biyu a rana. A zahiri, a kan kasa m, babu abin da ake bukata, sai dai na lokaci-lokaci loosening na kasar gona da kuma weeding da gadaje daga weeds. Yawancin lambu ba sa ciyar da radishes kwata-kwata: tsawon wata daya na rayuwa, yana da isasshen takin mai magani da aka kara wa gonar. Idan ƙasa ba ta da abinci mai gina jiki da yawa, ba jarin 1-2 na ciyawar mullein tare da ƙari na ash. Idan babu mullein, za a iya amfani da takin ma'adinai tare da ƙaramin abun ciki na nitrogen.
Kuna iya ɗaukar don ciyar da cakuda na musamman don amfanin gona mai tushe
Radish ba ya yayyafa a lokaci guda, amma cikin nishaɗi. An fara fitar da amfanin gona na farko kamar yadda suke a shirye, amma matsakaicin sati daya daga baya zai zama dole girbin amfanin gonar gaba daya. Zai fi kyau a fitar da radish da safe, a shayar da gonar da yamma. Ba a adana amfanin gona na dogon lokaci, na tsawon tsawon mako guda a cikin firiji, kuma ba a buƙatar wannan: yawanci ana cinye radishes nan da nan, dama daga gonar.
Radish al'ada ce mai cikakke, kowane ɗan lambu yana ƙoƙarin haɓaka shi. Wannan ba shi da wahala a yi, amma dole ne ku kasance a shirye don gaskiyar cewa dole ne ku kula da gonar kowace rana.
