Sau da yawa mun ji cewa wasu nau'in dabbobi sun bace ba tare da wata alama ba. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda sa hannun mutum a cikin wuraren da ya dace, kuma saboda mummunar lalatawar da masu aikin kaya suka yi. Bugu da ƙari, wakilan mambobi masu ban mamaki suna shahararren kasuwar dabba baƙar fata. Amma tarihinmu da kyakkyawar ƙarewa - shekara ɗari da suka wuce, doki Przhevalsky ya kasance a kan iyaka, kuma a yau wannan jinsin yana kara karuwa da yawanta kuma yanayin da ya dace don farfadowa yana da kyau.
Tarihin binciken
Irin wannan doki ne ya gano wani mai bincike na Rasha. Nikolai Przhevalsky a shekarar 1878, a yayin da yake tafiya ta Kazakh, ya kai ga wuraren da Tibet ta rushe. Kasancewa kan iyakar da kasar Sin, masanin kimiyya ya karbi kyauta daga abokiyarsa harkar doki, wanda ya aika zuwa St. Petersburg nan da nan don bincike a gidan Zoological Museum. An tabbatar da ra'ayinsa: masu binciken masana kimiyya sun gano cewa fata da kwanyar dabba suna cikin jinsin dawakai na daji, wanda ba a san shi ba a kimiyya. Bayan haka aka kira su bayan mai binciken.
Shin kuna sani? A ƙarshen shekarun 1990, an kawo wasu dawakai da dama daga cikin doki na Przhevalsky zuwa yankunan da aka bari a kusa da tashar wutar lantarki ta Chernobyl. A bayyane yake, nesa daga mutumin da gonakin daji na ciyayi ya zo da sha'awa - bayan 'yan shekaru, adadin dawakai ya karu zuwa daruruwan shugabannin.
Game da Przewalski ta doki: bayanin
Doki na Przewalski yana da ƙarfi, squat croup tare da ci gaba da musculature. Shugaban yana da girma, tare da ƙananan idanu da kunnuwa na kunnuwan da aka nuna. Kwan zuma mai wuyansa yana tafiya cikin fadi mai fadi, kafafu da gajere. Tsawan da aka yi a bushe ba ya wuce mita daya da rabi, tsawon jiki - mita 2. Gilashin ya zama launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, launin yashi, da kuma bakin haske yana tafiya tare da baya. 
Rigun da manna suna da duhu a launi, kafafu kuma suna da duhu, wani lokaci ratsan haske yana iya bayyana a kansu. Wannan launi yana ba da damar dawakai su kare kansu a cikin tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire na shinge. Mutumin yana takaice, ba tare da bankunan ba; Rigun yana da tsawo, amma yana farawa kusa da tsakiyar. Babban kai, wani ɗan gajereccen manne da wutsiya dabam dabam suna nuna cewa doki na Przhevalsky yana da jakuna jakai a tsakanin kakanninsa, amma ba haka ba ne.
Yana da ban sha'awa don sanin masaniyar doki: Trakenen, Karachai, Shire, Orlov trotter, Friesian, Appaloosa, Tinker, kazalika da biyan pony da mini-doki Falabella.
Rikuna na Przhevalsky suna jagorancin rayuwar zamantakewa - suna haɗaka a cikin iyalan da suka kunshi doki, 3-5 mares da 'ya'yansu. Mai tsaron gidan yana lura da dukan 'yan iyalin, kuma yana kallon magoya bayan tafarkin garkensa. Wadannan dabbobi suna cike da haushi, sauraro da hangen nesa, wanda zai taimaka musu su gane hatsari a gaba. Don neman sababbin wuraren kiwo da wuraren ajiya don shayarwa, garken noma na tafiya kusan dubban kilomita yau da kullum, yin dakatar da gajere don cin abinci da shakatawa. A wannan lokacin, mai tsaron gidan yana lura da dukan iyalinsa, idan akwai haɗari, don kaucewa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. 
A cikin bazara, wasanni na fararen fara fara da dawakai. Hanguwar mace tana da watanni 11-12 - an haifi mahaifin gawar a lokacin haihuwa, wadda ta ciyar da madarata har tsawon shekara daya. Yawancin lokacin maza ya zo a cikin shekaru 4-5, kuma a cikin mata - a cikin shekaru 3-4. Bayan sun kai girma, an fitar da saurayi daga cikin garke, kuma, tare da wasu maza, suna samar da sabon garke, wanda zai fara tafiya a cikin steppe.
Matsanancin hali na mares idan akwai haɗari - mata suna cikin da'irar da aka sa matasa. Babu mai tsinkayewa zai karya ta irin wannan shinge.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ƙoƙarin ƙoƙarin ƙetare dawakai na daji tare da wasu nau'i daban-daban iri-iri ko da yaushe ya ƙare tare da bayyanar 'ya'yan fari. Sai kawai hayewa tare da doki gida ya haifar da zuriya masu kyau.
Przewalski ta doki: mazauni
Przewalski ta doki yana da sosai iyakar iyaka. A cikin daji, ana iya samun dawakan daji a cikin kogin daji da Kazakhstan, Mongoliya, Western da Southern Siberia, Kashgar da Dzungaria. Bugu da} ari ga wa] annan yankunan, an samo ƙananan garkunan shanu a bakin tekun Zaisyan da Transbaikalia. 
A yanayi
Lokaci na karshe da aka gano su a cikin daji shine a 1969. Hudu daga wani mutum da yawo don neman sabon makiyaya, dawakai na Przhevalsky ya yi tafiya mai girma har sai sun isa ƙasar Dzhungar Gobi da Gabashin Altai. A cikin wannan yanki-rani, tsakanin tsaunuka da raƙuman ruwa, sun daɗe suna ɓoye daga warketai da sauran masu cin hanci. 
Amma, duk da ƙoƙari na samar da sabon yankuna, lambobin su sun yi fadi sosai. Masana kimiyya sun busa ƙararrawa kuma, tun 1970, an yi ƙoƙari masu yawa don tayar da yawan mutanen dawakai na daji.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin tsafi na Askania-Nova, dawakai na Przewalski sun kusa kusan kusan ƙarni biyu, kuma a wannan lokacin sun girma shekaru 13. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a yayin da suke tsayawa a can, bayyanar dawakai sun sauya yawa - maciji sun kara girma, gashin su ya zama mai zurfi, ƙullunsu sun karu, kuma hakoransu, akasin haka, sun ragu cikin girman.
A cikin reserves
Tun daga shekarun 1990, an gudanar da shirye-shiryen reintroduction mai girma (sake dawowa da dabbobin daji zuwa ga al'amuran al'ada). An yanke shawarar fara farfado da yawan mutane a mazaunin don doki na Przhevalsky - a fadin filin Mongoliya. A halin yanzu, an kafa manyan cibiyoyin reintroduction uku a cikin wannan kasa, inda garkunan shanu uku suke zaune, tare da kimanin shugabannin 400. Haka kuma an kafa wasu cibiyoyi a cikin garuruwan kasashe masu zuwa: China, Hungary, Ukraine, Faransa da Rasha. 
Ikon
Magunguna na Przhevalsky suna cin abinci akan waddings, wormwood, saxaul, moss, fescue da sauran shuke-shuken herbaceous da shrubs girma a cikin steppes. A lokacin hunturu, lokacin da ba ta da sauki don samun abinci daga karkashin dusar ƙanƙara snow, ƙushin gaba suna zuwa agajinsu - sun yi amfani da ciyayi da dusar ƙanƙara. Dangane da mazaunin, suna iya daidaitawa don canje-canjen abincin su.
Yana da muhimmanci! Babban dalilai na yawan karuwar yawancin dawakai shine rashin yiwuwar su dacewa da sauye-sauye a cikin yanayi, kazalika da wulakanci ta yau da kullum ta hanyar warkoki da mutane.
Rawan lafiya da rayuwa
Ma'aikatan zamani na wannan jinsin ba za su iya alfahari da kyakkyawan lafiyar jiki ba. Dalilin wannan shine dangantakar da ke kusa da inbreeding, a wasu kalmomi, ƙetare dabbobin da suke da alaka da juna. Amma babu wata hanyar da za ta mayar da jama'a - duk dawakai na Przhevalsky na yanzu suna fitowa daga 11 dawakai daji da kuma gida 1. 
Ƙuntatawa game da 'yancin motsa jiki kuma ya raunana tsarin su na rigakafi - ƙwayoyin racing ba su da ƙetare da yawa don neman abinci da yanayi mafi kyau.
Rayuwar su na tsawon shekaru 20-25 ne. An yi imanin cewa 'yan tseren kabilanci suna rayuwa a wannan zamani tare da kulawa da kyau da abinci mai kyau.
Karanta kuma game da launin dawakai: bay, musky, dun.
Matsayi a cikin rayuwar mutum
Irin wannan dawakai na daji gaba daya kare, kuma yunkurin da masana kimiyya suka yi don tada dabbobi a cikin ƙauyuka kusan kusan yawanci sun zama marasa kome. Ƙaunar dabbobi da rashin jin daɗin yin hulɗa da mutane a yawancin lokuta ya kai ga mutuwarsu. Masana kimiyya sunyi kokari don "rabawa" garkunan gidaje da dawakai na daji, amma wannan ra'ayin bai ci nasara ba - dawakai na Przewalski sun zama "baƙi" a cikin garke kuma ba a yarda su ci ba. 
Amma, duk da matsalolin fahimtar juna, mutum bai daina yin ƙoƙari ya ceci wannan nau'in dabba ba. A farkon karni na ashirin, an gudanar da manyan ayyuka na musamman don kiyaye yawancin doki na Przhevalsky. A cikin daji na Dzungaria, an kama dawakai 11, aika su zuwa zoos da kuma ajiya a fadin duniya, inda aka halicci yanayi wanda ya fi kama da 'yan ƙasar su. Irin wannan hadaddun abubuwan da suka faru ya ba da kyakkyawan sakamako - yanzu akwai wasu wakilai fiye da dubu biyu na wadannan jinsunan.
Tips don shayarwa na dabbobi: kiwon kiwo a gida, sunayen laƙabi masu kyau.
Hotuna: Dawakai na Przhevalsky a yankin Chernobyl
Yanzu a cikin tasirin duniya muna iya gani da idonku dabbobi na musamman, wanda tarihi ya fara fiye da dubu arba'in da suka wuce. Idan ƙoƙarin da aka yi don inganta su su yi nasara, a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, doki na Przewalski zai daina zama nau'in haɗari da za a iya samuwa a cikin biranen birane da yawa.
