Beran itacen dusar ƙanƙara mai danshi shine shuki mai yanke hukunci mai yawa. Wurin zama a cikin Arewacin Amurka, kuma nau'in halitta daya ya girma a China. Sunan kimiyya shine symphoricarpos, kuma mutane suna kira shi dusar ƙanƙara ko wolf berry. Ana amfani da shuka don wuraren shakatawa na shimfidar wuri. Distinwararren fasalinta shine babban farin berries wanda aka tattara a cikin taro mai yawa. Suna girma a cikin bazara kuma sun nace a cikin hunturu. Snow-Berry yana da guba, saboda haka haramun ne a ci shi, amma pheasants, waxwings, hazel grouse da sauran tsuntsayen suna cin berries a cikin hunturu ba tare da wani lahani ga lafiyar ba.
Halayen Botanical
Dusar ƙanƙara-dimi itace tsiri mai tsinkaye mai tsayi tare da tsayin 20-300 cm. Shootsanƙanran lamuran da suka sauƙaƙe dasawa sun fara mikewa, kuma suna saukowa ƙasa tsawon shekaru, suna samar da daji mai yaɗuwa. Ana rufe da mai tushe tare da haushi mai launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. An yi masu zane sosai kuma suna samar da katako mai yawa.
M petioles na oval ko m tsari girma a kan rassan. Bã su da m ko dan kadan notched gefuna. Tsawon takardar ya kasance santimita 1.5-6 .. Fuskar takarda mai launin kore ce, kuma baya yana da farin haske.
A watan Yuli-Agusta, racemose inflorescences girma a kan matasa rassan, wanda aka boye a axils na ganye tare da dukan tsawon kara. Flowersananan furanni masu ruwan hoda ana matse su tare. Bayan pollination, a kusa da kewayen anguwanni masu zagaye tare da nunin kusan 1 cm kuma an rufe su da fata mai laushi mai launin fari, baƙi ko shuɗi. A cikin m ɓangaren litattafan almara akwai kyawawan tsaba 1-3.
Iri Snowman
Shuke-shuke ba su da bambanci sosai; duka, an yi rejista iri 15 a cikin asalin halittar dusar ƙanƙara. Bari mu bincika wasu daga cikinsu:
Snow White. Yawancin sune yawancin al'ada kuma an yi amfani dasu a cikin shimfidar wuri mai ban sha'awa tun farkon karni na 19. Shafe har zuwa 1.5 m high, godiya ga m rassan, Forms mai mai siffar zobe kambi. Gashinan yana rufe da ganyayyaki masu sauki wanda har ya kai tsawon cm 6. A watan Yuli, inflorescences na tsefe da kananan furanni ruwan hoda ya bayyana. Suna Bloom sosai yalwa da exude ƙanshin zuma, suna jawo kwari. Flow ya ci gaba na dogon lokaci, don haka a lokaci guda akwai fure marasa fashewa da farkon berries a daji. Bunches na farin 'ya'yan itace da aka zagaye sun ci gaba a duk lokacin hunturu, suna kama da dusar kankara.
Snow-fure ruwan hoda (talakawa, zagaye). An rufe ciyayi mai tsayi tare da fure mai laushi da ƙananan ganye mai duhu. A cikin zunubansu, ƙananan goge na furanni masu ruwan hoda sun kusan kusan Agusta. Bayan pollination, mai siffar zobe manyan berries ripen a purple-ja ko murjani launi ripen. A ƙarshen kaka, danda rassan da irin waɗannan berries suna ba wa gonar wata fara'a ta musamman. Shuke-shuke ba su da tsayayya da sanyi kuma sun fi son yankunan kudu.
Yankin Chenot Halin da ke cikin jinsunan biyu na baya shine ƙaramin shuki tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Itace zata iya jure tsananin sanyi, kuma mai kauri, mai tushe mai sauki ana rufe ta da dimbin launuka masu launin shuɗi masu launin kore mai duhu. Shahararrun nau'ikan irin wannan dusar kankara shine Hancock. Yana girma zuwa 1 m ba ga tsayi ba, amma rassan da ke yaduwa suna samar da matashin kai har zuwa 1.5 a diamita. Ana yaduwar harbe da yawa da kananan koren ganye da dusar ƙanƙara mai fari-fari.
Snowman Dorenboza. An sanya sunan nau'in sunan mai shayarwa na Dutch kuma ya haɗu da nau'ikan kayan ado waɗanda suka fi yawa a al'adun yau. Ga wasu daga cikinsu:
- Snow Berry Magic Berry - a kan tsayayyun harbe-harbe tsakanin karamin ganye mai haske mai haske akwai tarin manyan bishiyoyi rasberi;
- Amethyst - wani tsintsiya madaidaiciya har zuwa 1.5 m high an rufe shi da duhu m ganye da kuma kafa farin-ruwan hoda zagaye zagaye;
- Uwar lu'u-lu'u - bushes tare da duhu kore foliage dotted tare da manyan fararen berries tare da ganga ruwan hoda;
- White Hedge - na bakin ciki madaidaiciya rassan tare da duhu kore foliage rufe tare da watsa da kananan farin berries.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Dankin dusar ƙanƙara yana haifuwa ba tare da wahala ba. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da hanyoyin yanka, rarraba daji, sakawa, rabuwa da harbe da kuma shuka iri.
Tare da yaduwar iri, lallai ne sai a kara kokarin. Yana da Dole a tsabtace tsaba daga ɓangaren litattafan almara da bushe su. An girka amfanin gona a cikin kaka a cikin akwatuna tare da kasar gona. Seedsaramin tsaba an haɗu da shi da yashi, to, zai zama da sauƙi a rarraba su a farfajiya. Akwatin an rufe shi da fim kuma a saka shi cikin ruwan sanyi. Dole ne a yayyafa ƙasar a kai a kai daga bindiga da aka fesa. A cikin bazara, harbe suna bayyana, an daskare su kai tsaye a cikin bude ƙasa.
Gabaɗaya, ana yin tushen tushen abubuwa da yawa kusa da daji lokacin kakar. Wannan na hali ne ga kowane irin dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin bazara, ana tafiyar da matakai. Don haka yana yiwuwa ba kawai su ninka ba, har ma don fitar da ƙananannun bakin ciki. Ko da manya bushes jure wa dasa sauƙi.
Don fitar da bakin ciki lokacin farin ciki, ana rarraba sassan daji a kai a kai. A ƙarshen kaka ko farkon bazara, kafin a buɗe furanni, an haɗu da manyan bushes kuma a rarraba zuwa sassa, yankan rhizome. Kowane rara ana bi da shi tare da haƙo ash kuma nan da nan aka dasa shi a cikin rami mai saukowa.
Don tushen layering, a ƙarshen Maris, reshe mai sassauƙa yana sintiri a ƙasa kuma an gyara shi tare da slingshot. Yayyafa maɓallin daga sama tare da ƙasa, amma ku bar saman kyauta. Tushen Tushen zai ɗauki tushe kafin faɗuwar. Ana iya yanke shi ta hanyar sirri kuma sanya shi a cikin sabon wuri.
Lokacin grafting, kore da lignified harbe tare da tsawon 10-15 (20) cm Ana amfani da matasa mai tushe a ƙarshen fure kuma kafe a cikin tukunyar filawa. A ƙarshen bazara, za a iya dasa seedling mai ƙarfi a cikin ƙasa buɗe. An yanka yankan Lignified a cikin fall kuma ana ajiye su a cikin ginshiki har sai lokacin bazara. A watan Maris-Afrilu, ana shuka su, kamar kore kore, a cikin tukwane tare da gonar lambu, kuma bayan an dasa tushen sai a koma da su zuwa gonar.
Shuka da kulawa da shuka
Snowman na iya girma daidai a cikin hasken rana da kuma a cikin wani wuri mai inuwa. An dasa shi cikin yumbu mai laushi ko ƙasa mai laushi. Bugu da ƙari, a kan gangara kuma a cikin kwari, tushen tsirrai suna ƙarfafa ƙasa kuma suna hana shinge. Don samun shinge mai kauri, ana shuka dusar ƙanƙara a cikin maɓuɓɓuga tare da nisan 20-25 cm Kadai bushes na buƙatar 1.2-1.5 m na sarari kyauta.
Sun tono rami mai zurfin cm 60-65 cm .. Yi wannan a gaba domin ƙasa ta zauna. Ana zubar da kayan ruwa (yashi, tsakuwa) a ƙasan. Bugu da ƙari, an gabatar da gari na dolomite, peat, humus ko takin a cikin ƙasa. Bayan dasa, ana shayar da tsire-tsire tare da superphosphate. An sanya tushen wuya a saman dutsen saboda a bayan saukar da ƙasa ne flush tare da ƙasa.
Kwanakin farko na seedlings suna buƙatar shayarwa yau da kullun, a nan gaba watering na yau da kullun ba mahimmanci bane. Tare da hazo na lokaci-lokaci, zaku iya yi ba tare da su kwata-kwata. Sai kawai a cikin matsanancin fari, kusan guga biyu na ruwa ana zuba a ƙarƙashin wani daji. Soilasan da ke kusa da shuka an mulched tare da peat zuwa tsawo na cm 5. Haka ma wajibi ne don a dasa ƙasa a kai a kai kuma a cire ciyayi.
Sau da yawa takin bushes ba lallai ba ne. Ya isa a yi tono ƙasa a cikin bazara tare da takin da superphosphate. Kuna iya shayar da tsirrai tare da maganin maganin gishiri.
Domin dusar ƙanƙan da dusar ƙanƙara don samun bayyananniyar yanayin, pruning wajibi ne akai-akai. An yi sa'a, tsire-tsire suna jure shi da kyau. A farkon bazara, kafin a buɗe furanni, ana aiwatar da tsabtacewa, an karye da daskararre mai tushe, da bushe da lalatattun rassan, an cire su. Girma ana bada shawarar yin taqaitaccen kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu. Tsohon bushes shekaru 8-10 shekaru bukatar sabuntawa. Ba tare da shi ba, thean itacen ya fi ƙanƙanta, kuma fure ya zama kaɗan. Don yin wannan, a cikin bazara, an yanke bushes zuwa ga girman 40-60 cm Bayan tsinkaye, mai ƙarfi, rassan lafiya za su yi girma daga fure mai barci.
Itace zata iya jure dusar sanyi zuwa -34 ° C, saboda haka bata bukatar tsari. Nau'in kayan ado basu da tsayayya. Ana iya rufe su da ganye a cikin kaka, da kuma dusar kankara mai sanyi a cikin hunturu. Ko da wani ɓangare na harbe freezes, ya isa ya yanke su a cikin bazara. Matasa harbe da sauri boye m aibobi.
Kwari da cututtuka ba sa shafar dusar kankara. Ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ke juyar da yawancin kwari. Dankin a lokaci-lokaci na iya fama da cututtukan fungal waɗanda ke haɓaka a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa, akan ganye da mai tushe. Dalilin wannan shine wuce haddi na ruwa, yayi yawa kuma dampness. Yin fama da cututtukan da ba su da kyau suna taimakawa magani tare da maganin maganin gishiri, ruwan Bordeaux ko sabulu mai wanki. Hakanan zaka iya zuwa taimakon magungunan fungicides.
Bushes a cikin shimfidar wuri
Mafi sau da yawa, danshi mai dusar ƙanƙara ne wanda aka dasa a cikin ƙungiyoyi masu yawa don karɓar shafin. Yana sanya kyakkyawan shinge kore mai kyau. A lokacin furanni, an cika bushes da yalwar furanni masu ƙanshin ruwan fure waɗanda ke jan ƙudan zuma. Sabili da haka, shuka shine kyakkyawan zuma. Kadai bushes duba da kyau a tsakiyar kore Lawn. Hakanan zasu iya zama tushen bango na ɗan gajeren lambu wanda ba a taɓa gani ba.
