- Nau'in: conifers
- Lokaci na Gudanarwa: Mayu, Yuni
- Girma: 100-7000cm
- Launi: kore
- Perennial
- Gwanaye
- Inuwa
- Soyayya
An dade ana amfani da tsire-tsire daga dangin cypress don yin ado da shimfidar wuri na birni da yankunan kewayen birni. Musamman ƙaunar mazauna bazara suna jin daɗin daraja ta thuja - tsire-tsire mai sanyi mai jure sanyi-sanyi mai banƙyama, yana bambanta da siffar ganye mai banbanci kuma ya dace da samar da shinge mai rai da walƙiya. Yi la'akari da dalilin da ya sa yaduwar thuja ta ƙwaya ya fi dacewa kuma menene dokokin kulawa da shuka.
Kafin kara karantawa, muna ba da shawarar ku kalli bidiyon:
Wace hanya ce mafi kyau don kiwo thuja?
Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda uku da zaka biyun:
- an shirya tsaba;
- yan itace (twigs);
- seedlings shirye don dasa.
Kuna iya gwaji tare da hanyoyi daban-daban na dogon lokaci, amma a kowane hali, zaku mayar da hankali kan mafi yawan hankali da amfani - haifuwa ta amfani da itace.
Girma daga tsaba: tsayi da wahala
Me yasa ba al'ada bane a yi shuka thuja daga zuriya? Abu ne mai sauki: don seedling ya zama ya dace da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, zai ɗauki akalla shekaru 5, haka ma, kan aiwatar da haɓaka, itaciyar za ta rasa dukkan haruffan halittattun maganganun nata kuma ta zama wata itaciyar daji. Iyakar abin da kawai shine matsakaicin shiri na seedling don gida, takamaiman yanayin girma.
Tsarin Thuja ba su da ma'ana ga ƙasa, amma don dasa shuki ya fi kyau a yi amfani da ƙasa mai kwance da kuma abinci mai gina jiki, ya ƙunshi cakuda yashi, coniferous da ƙasa mai ganye
Don dasa shuki, mun zabi kyawawan ƙwayoyin lafiya masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka afka cikin tsawon lokacin hunturu a ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara, tunda yanayin daidaitawar yana fushi da su kuma yana shirya su don ƙarin ci gaba a irin wannan yanayin yanayin. A cikin bazara mun sanya tsaba a cikin kwalaye tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki, yayyafa tare da Layer na ƙasa da aka haɗe da bishiyar bishiyar coniferous. Dole ne a kula da yarinyar seedlings a hankali: suttura daga hasken rana kai tsaye, mai tsabta daga ciyawa, sanyaya a kai a kai, ciyar da raunin maganin takin zamani. Kuma kawai a shekara ta biyar, za a iya dasa shuki a cikin mazaunin wuri mai ɗorewa.
Thuja daga cuttings - hanya mafi inganci
Dandana mazaunin rani sun san cewa yawancin conifers suna haifuwa cikakke ta sare. Daga cikin su akwai nau'ikan juniper, fir, Pine - watau tsirrai masu jin daɗi ko da kuwa a cikin yanayin sauƙin yanayin arewa. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci cewa yayin yaduwa ta hanyar yankan itace, bishiyoyi za su riƙe mallakar su zuwa wani nau'i daban-daban.
Afrilu mafi yawa ana zaba don raba harbe. An samo kyawawan tsutsotsi daga harbe na ci gaban shekaru 2-3, daga saman kambi. Yana da kyau kada a yi amfani da rumfa, amma a yi ƙoƙarin share hatsi da hannu. Tsawon sashin da za a iya cirewa ya kai cm 20. Idan an yi huda a ƙarshen resin, ɗan itace zai ci gaba, ƙaramin “diddige” mai wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki. Hakanan Yuni ya dace don tattara kayan dasa, lokacin da shuka ke fuskantar lokacin girma na biyu, amma girbin Yuni zai kasance a shirye a wani lokaci daga baya, saboda kawai suna "barci cikin" shekara ta yanzu.
Dole ne a cire allura da ƙananan rassan daga gindin tsiran don kada a haɗasu da ƙasa mai laushi ko yashi, rot ba ya faruwa
Don lalata matasa harbe, tsoma su da yawa a cikin wani rauni bayani na manganese, sa'an nan kuma jiƙa na rana a Kornevin ko makamancin girma stimulator.
Don dasa, kwalaye masu yashi ko cakuda yashi da ciyawar lambu, wanda aka sanya a cikin limbo, sun dace (an sanya su azaman zaɓi akan tubalin, duwatsu, allon). Muna murƙushe kasan akwatunan don ruwan ya malale a hankali kuma baya tsayawa, ana samar da iskar oxygen zuwa ga asalinsu. Sannan mun shimfida shimfidar magudanar kyawawan pebbles. Yankin kafin amfani ya fi kyau a tafasa a cikin guga ko tank, sannan sai a jiƙa a cikin maganin 3% na potassiumgangan. Muna zurfafa yankan ta hanyar kawai 1.5-2 cm, muna haɗa ƙasa kuma jiƙa a ruwa. Mun tabbata cewa bayan kowace ruwa mai zuwa, ruwan ba ya wanke ƙasa, kuma ciyawar tana wanzuwa.
Don bazara ko hunturu girma seedlings, akwatuna da talakawa filayen filawa na girman da ya dace sun dace - ƙarar yakamata ya isa wanda ya sa Tushen ba a cika
Dakin da akwatunan tare da seedlings zasuyi hadari da dumama. Tushen harbe da kyau yana faruwa a zazzabi na + 18-22ºС, a cikin yanayin gumi. Idan an yi hasashen sanyi, za a iya amfani da fim ɗin filastik na rufi Watan farko na farko suna buƙatar fesawa yau da kullun, musamman yanayi mai zafi sau biyu a rana - safe da maraice.
Farkon kaka shine lokacin dasa shuki da ke kafe a cikin ƙasa a kan shimfiɗa ta musamman ko a cikin tukwane da aka girka a cikin girka. Tushen a wannan lokacin ya kai tsawon cm cm 8. Kula da ƙasa - thuja fi son ƙasa mai daɗaɗɗɗa da peat. Shuka seedlings yana ɗaukar shekaru 2-3, ƙaramin kulawa yana shayarwa, cire ciyayi, weeding na yau da kullun.
Yadda za a zabi shirye-shiryen da aka yi da shuka?
Idan ba ku da lokaci, ba ku da isasshen lokaci ko ba za ku iya jira don yin ado da kewayen gidan tare da kyawawan tsire-tsire ba - shirya tsire-tsire da aka shirya. Wasu lokuta suna bayar da samfurori waɗanda aka girma a cikin gidaje na kusa. Idan ka amince da masu siyar, zaka iya siye lafiya daga garesu, amma zai fi kyau ka sayi samfuran varian tsibiri masu inganci a cikin wuraren sana'a. Daga cikin ɗaruruwan samfurori zaku iya zaɓar mai lafiya, mai taurin kai, cuta mai jurewa, wanda ya saba da shuka yanayin yanayin yanayin gida.
Seedlingsungiyar kulawa da yara ta sha bamban da shekaru da girma: zaku iya siyan mafi ƙanƙannan 'kuma ku kawo su' zuwa lokacin dasawa kanku, ko zaku iya siyan manyan, a shirye don aikin kayan ado a shafin
Kula da yanayin da ake kiyaye tsire-tsire: ko zazzabi ya isa, ko ƙasa a cikin tukwane ya isa yalwa. Wataƙila ba a tafiyar da ruwa na yau da kullun ba, kuma samfuran sayarwa ana shayar dasu kawai don nau'in a ranar sayarwa. Labulen ya kamata ya zauna da tabbaci, ba ya murƙushewa, yayi kama da haske da ƙarfi. A kan tushe da kuma rassan ya kamata babu aibobi, stains da sauran alamun cutar.
Bayan isar da seedlings a gida, yi kokarin dasa su a kan wani wuri shaded da ruwa da wuri-wuri.
Siffofin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa
Thwararrun marasa ma'ana mara kyau shine ainihin tushe a kowane lokaci na shekara dacewa don aikin lambu, amma gogaggen lambu sun bada shawarar dasa thuja a cikin bazara, ta haka ne yake ɗaukar yanayin rayuwar shuka zuwa agogon ƙirar halitta.
Kafin dasa, da farko ƙayyade wurin dacewa da shuka. Lokacin da kake haɓaka aikin shimfidar wuri, ku tuna cewa thuja tana ƙaunar wuraren inuwa kaɗan. A wajaje mai haske, yana bushewa kuma yana da wahalar jure sanyi; a wurare masu duhu yakan sami ci gaba kuma ya rasa kyawawan halayensa na ado. Haske mai haske, wani wuri da aka rufe daga iska, kusancin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa shine abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen tsarin arborvitae.
Matakan saukarwa mataki-mataki-mataki:
- mun haƙa rami mai zurfi - kusan 70-80 cm zurfi kuma 90-100 cm a diamita wanda ya sa dunƙule na duniya tare da zuriya ta shiga cikin yardar rai;
- zuba wasu ƙasa tare da takin gargajiya a ƙasan ramin, alal misali, cakuda da aka saba amfani dashi - 2-3 kilogiram na katako na itace ta 1 m³ na ƙasa;
- mun sanya seedling a cikin wani rami, ƙoƙarin kada mu lalata ƙuraƙar ƙuraje tare da tushen kuma sanya tushen wuya a matakin saman ƙasa;
- haɗar da gonar lambu tare da peat da yashi a daidai gwargwado, faɗuwa barci, sauƙi tamp.
Tazara tsakanin tsire-tsire ya dogara da iri-iri, kamar yadda al'adun kabilu daban-daban suka bambanta da girma. Speciesaramin ƙananan suna da kyau a sanya su a nesa da ba su wuce mita 1 ba, babba - har zuwa mita 5. Da ace nau'in Brabant ya kai tsawo na 10-15 m da diamita na 4 m, wato, don itaciyar ta bunkasa gabaɗaya, ana buƙatar mafi yawan sarari. Lokacin dasa shinge, ba tare da bambancin iri da girman ba, ana shuka tsire-tsire tare da tazara ta 1 m.
Brabant shine ainihin gano don masu zanen fili. Ta yin amfani da fasahohi na musamman da zaɓin aski, zaku iya daidaita siffar tsirrai, ƙirƙirar shinge da kuma abubuwan da aka haɗa
Bayan dasa, shayarwa da kayan miya na yau da kullun sun zama dole. Yawancin takin ƙasa kamar Epin da analogues ana yawan amfani dashi azaman takin zamani. Abubuwan da suke haifar da abubuwan haɓaka suna taimakawa tsire-tsire don ɗaukar tushe cikin sauri, kare su daga cututtuka. A cikin bazara, ciyarwa sau biyu tare da potassium da phosphorus yana da tasiri tare da hutu na kwanaki 10-14.
Tsarin mulki a lokacin bazara ya dogara da yanayin da yawan ruwan sama. A cikin lokaci mai zafi da bushewa, inji yana buƙatar shayarwa akalla sau biyu a mako, a cikin yanayin bazara mai sanyi - sau ɗaya kawai. Idan lokacin yayi ruwa, ba a buƙatar ƙarin watering.
Yi la'akari da manyan wuraren girma thuja, wanda kuna buƙatar ba da kulawa ta musamman ga - sha, kayan miya, yankan da shiri don lokacin hunturu.
Yanayin ruwa da yafawa
Plantsa Adan tsire-tsire, kamar seedlingsa veryan, suna da matukar son yanayin yanayi, kuma yana da kyau idan ruwa zai fito daga kowane bangare, kuma ba kawai daga ƙasa ba. Shayarwa na yau da kullun shine yanayin zama dole don kula da shuka a "kyakkyawan yanayin jiki". Da isasshen adadin danshi yana nunawa nan da nan a cikin bayyanar thuja - rassan sun zama na roba, kuma needles sun zama m, tare da inuwa mai yawa.
Minimumarancin tsarin ban ruwa shine guga ɗaya na ruwa (kimanin 10 l) a cikin yankin basal sau ɗaya a mako, a lokacin bushewa - sau 2-3 a mako. A cikin fari, thuja ta amsa nan da nan zuwa rashin danshi: ƙarancin kambi yana juya launin rawaya, adadi mai yawa na cones sun bayyana, wanda ba koyaushe ya dace da tasirin ado ba. Mafi kyawun lokacin rana don shayarwar sanyin safiya ne ko tsakar dare.
Watering thuja, musamman ma tsaransa, ya kamata ya zama da hankali sosai don kada a wanke ƙasa daga yankin tushen wuya, wanda yake a daidai wannan matakin tare da farfajiyar ƙasa
Thuja tana son yalwataccen ruwa mai yaduwa - spraying kambi daga kwalban fesa ko tiyo tare da bututun ƙarfe na musamman. Ruwa yana share ƙura, yanayin itacen yana sabuntawa, thuja ta zama mai tsabta da tsabta, ƙanshi mai daɗi ya bayyana a sararin sama. Kada ku ji tsoro don fesa narkewa sake, ban ruwa 1-2 sau a rana yana kawai mata kyau.
Ciyar da takin mai magani da ciyawa
Thuja, kamar tsire-tsire masu yawa na ornamental, suna buƙatar ciyarwa na yau da kullun. Yana amsa aikace-aikacen taki tare da saurin girma (kodayake thuja ɗayan ɗayan amfanin gona ne mai saurin hawa), ƙawa, luster da launi mai haske na allura. Sau da yawa ba a buƙatar takin tsire-tsire, sau 1-2 sun isa - a farkon kakar ko a lokacin rani. Baya ga takin gargajiya, ana iya amfani da takin ma'adinan na musamman don conifers.
Fertilizing daskararru yana da tsada-tsada: jaka-gram 100 na takin Fertika hadaddun ma'adinan ma'adinai don ciyar da conifers a lokacin rani ya kai 90-100 rubles
Residentswararrun mazaunin bazara suna ba da shawarar samfurin Fertika na duniya gaba ɗaya na masu samarwa na Finnish. An gabatar da "kwalin bazara" a cikin ƙasa lokacin da ake kwance - suna warwatse a cikin akwati kuma a haƙa a hankali tare da saman ƙasa na sama. Sashi - 35-40 g ta 1 m² na ƙasa. An narkar da sigar bazara a cikin ruwa kuma ana amfani dashi lokacin shayarwa.
Kewayen akwati yana buƙatar ƙarin tsaftacewa da kwance ƙafa. Don kare da ciyawa, riƙe danshi da haɓaka takin gargajiya, yankin da ke kusa da gangar jikin yana mulched da takin ko ɗamara. Don dalilai na kayan ado, an rufe ƙasa da fentin katako ko kayan leken asiri.
Trimming da yankan
Shekaru biyu na farko, thuja dole ne a barsu shi kadai don ba shi tushe na ƙarshe, don saka idanu kan girman girma, don sanin bukatunsa. A shekara ta uku, zaka iya fara rage kambi.
Da farko dai, an warware kambi daga bushe, rassan mara nauyi wanda ya sha wahala a lokacin hunturu, sannan kuma sun yanke shawara ko ƙarin thinning ya zama dole: asarar yawa yana shafar kyan kayan kwalliyar
Akwai dokoki da yawa don yankan daidai:
- ana aiwatar da babban hanyar a cikin watan Afrilu, sannan a duk lokacin rani, har zuwa ranakun sanyi, ana daidaita yanayin kambi;
- yanayin bushe ya dace da shinge;
- Kafin yankan, bushe ko rassan marasa lafiya yakamata a cire, kuma don inganta haɓakar iska, fitar da ɗan ƙaramin tsiron, yin saurin harbewa lafiya;
- don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na zaɓaɓɓen zane-zane da aka zaɓa, ya kamata a cire duk harbe na ci gaban shekara-shekara;
- idan girma ya zama dole ne kawai a fadin - yanke saman kambi.
Tsarin aski mai ban sha'awa shine ba da shuka takamaiman, mafi yawan lokuta siffar geometric na yau da kullun - ƙwallo, dala, kuba, shafi.
Sau da yawa ana samun su a cikin yankunan karkara abun da ke ciki tare da halartar conifers - zaɓuɓɓukan ƙira da yawa don thuja da ke kewaye da furanni da ganye na ornamental
Wararren masani kan iya jujjuya jigon gumaka a matsayin dabbobin dabbobi ko halittun aljanna. Newararru, mazaunin bazara farawa ya kamata fara tare da abubuwa masu sauƙi - ƙananan shinge, lawn "kwallaye" ko ƙananan filaye biyu masu sauƙi.
Harshen thuja a cikin gidan performasa yana yin ayyuka masu amfani da yawa: yana kare ɗakin bazara daga baƙi waɗanda ba a ziyarta ba, kayan ado ne kuma yana ɗaukar hayan titi
Thuja yana shirya don hunturu
A cikin tsakiyar da kuma latitude na Rasha, nau'in yammacin thuja, mafi sanyi-mai tsayayya da unpreentious, an zaɓi don adon yankunan karkara, duk da haka, sunma buƙatar yin shiri don sanyi da dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi. Haɓaka, albeit jinkirin, a cikin matsanancin lokaci na samar da yawan damina na kaka.
Youngananan kananan bishiyoyi a farkon fewan shekarun farko suna buƙatar ƙarin rufi. A matsayin abu mai suttura, ana amfani da spunbond mara gashi ko kuma wani fim mai rahusa mai haske - kwandon shara, yayin riƙe da zafi, yana watsa hasken rana ya zama dole don photosynthesis. A cikin shagunan ƙwararrun zaku iya siyan murfin musamman. Don kare tushen, yi amfani da ganye na fure, wanda aka tsabtace a cikin bazara, bayan daɗa saman saman ƙasa.
Ya isa ya kare bishiyoyi masu balaga daga dusar ƙanƙara da iska mai ƙarfi. Don kada dusar ƙanƙara ta tara a kan rassan, an mai da su zuwa cikin akwati lafiya. Dusar ƙanƙara ta adana ƙaƙƙarfan injin, saboda haka ya fi kyau a cire su cikin lokaci.
Idan ka koyi yadda ake kulawa da arborvitae da fasaha da amfani da jinkirin ci gaba, zaku sami kyakkyawan shuka don yin kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya, filayen dutse, nunin faifai da gadaje fure.
