Anthurium

Anthurium (Anthurium) (farin ciki ga namiji) - wani tsiro na epiphytic ko Semi-Epiphytic perennial na dangin Aroid. Haihuwar Anthurium ita ce Kudanci da Amurka ta Tsakiya.

Wannan fure fure mai tsinkaye, bisa ga bayanan da yawa, daga nau'ikan 500 zuwa 900. A cikin tsayi ya kai 50-70 cm, yayi girma a hankali. Ganyen suna da fata, gwargwadon nau'in, suna iya samun nau'i daban da girman: ƙirar zuciya, mai siffar fata-spade, fesa-lanceolate, elongated, zagaye, cikakke ko watsa. Matte ne ko kuma m. Launi na farantin ganye shine mafi yawan lokuta duhu, amma akwai nau'ikan da ganye "fenti".

Anthurium yana da kyau musamman a lokacin furanni. Smallananann furanni an tattara su a cikin ɓoye-cob a cikin siffar wutsiya. Saboda haka sunan shuka, wanda ke fassara a matsayin "fure mai fure." Kunnen ya kewaye da kyawawan ƙarfin zuciya, launinsa wanda ya bambanta dangane da iri-iri. Anthurium mafi yawanci ana kiranta "farin ciki na maza." Furen "farin ciki na mata" shine spathiphyllum.

Dukiya mai amfani

Anthurium ya cika iska tare da tsarkake tururin ruwa, don haka yana daɗaɗa yanayin yanayin. Yana sha da toluene da xylene mai cutarwa ga mutane (asalin su shine kayan gini) kuma yana aiwatar dasu zuwa abubuwa masu cutarwa.

A cikin wurare masu zafi na Kolombiya, an yi imanin cewa furanni ja na Anthurium suna kawo wadatar farin ciki da farin ciki a gidan. Sabon shiga a duk lokacin da amaryar su tafi da tunani a cikin gidansu bouquets na Anthurium inflorescences.

Kula da anthurium a gida. A takaice

Kula da anthurium a gida. Daki-daki

Kulawar Anthurium a gida na buƙatar kulawa sosai, musamman ma a cikin lamuran zafi, haske da zazzabi.

Juyawa daga Anthurium bayan siye. Bidiyo

Gudun ruwa

An tattara ƙananan furanni na anthurium a cikin sylindrical ko karkace inflorescence-cob. Tsawonsa a cikin nau'ikan daban-daban ya bambanta daga cm 5 zuwa 30. Kunnen ya kange cikin wani mayafi mai haske wanda za a iya fentin ja, ruwan hoda, fari, rawaya, ruwan lemo, kore, shunayya, ya kuma haɗa da yawa daga cikinsu.

Tsawon lokacin fure shine watanni 2-3, wani lokacin har zuwa watanni 6. Don haɓaka furanni mai yawa, ya zama dole don tsara hunturu mai sanyi (digiri 16-18).

Yanayin Zazzabi

Anthurium shine thermophilic. A lokacin rani, zazzabi mafi kyau a gare shi zai zama digiri na 20-25, a cikin hunturu - digiri 16-18, amma ba ya ƙasa da 15. Shuka ba ta yarda da zanen da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi.

Fesa

Gidan Anthurium Yana buƙatar babban zafi yanayin muhalli - 70-90%. Ana buƙatar fesa kullun tare da ruwa mai tacewa a zazzabi a ɗakin (sai dai iri daban-daban da ganye mai ƙyalli). A lokacin furanni, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ƙafar ba ta faɗo a kan ɓarnar ba, kamar yadda ɗakunan baƙi suka kasance daga ruwa.

Don ƙara zafi, ana iya sanya tukunyar a cikin tire tare da yumɓu mai daɗin ƙasa, kuma rufe saman tushe na mai tushe tare da gansar rigar ƙasa.

Haske

Anthurium Ana buƙatar haske mai haske amma akwai rarrabuwa. Mafi kyawun wurin shine windowsill na yamma ko gabas. A kudu zaka buƙaci shading daga rana kai tsaye.

Don cimma furanni na zagaye na shekara, haske na wucin gadi wajibi ne a cikin hunturu. A lokacin rani, ana bada shawara don cire fure a cikin Inuwa na lambu.

Watse

Anthurium a dakin dakin ba ya yarda da waterlogging da bushewa na kasar gona. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don sanya daskararru a kai a kai da zaran saman su a cikin tukunyar ya bushe. A lokacin rani, ana shayar da shuka sau biyu a mako, a cikin hunturu - lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 7. Mintuna 15-20 bayan aikin, ana ɗebo ruwan daga kwanon.

Yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da ruwa mai taushi: a tsaye, ko rashin ruwa ko ruwan sama.

Tsafta

An bada shawara a goge ganyen anthurium daga ƙura tare da daskararren zane sau ɗaya a mako. Sau ɗaya a kowane fewan watanni zaku iya samun wurin wanka.

Yana da mahimmanci a datse inflorescences inflorescences a cikin dace lokaci.

Il ƙasa don anthurium

Anthurium yana buƙatar ƙasa mai acidic mai haske (pH 5.5-6.0). Zaka iya zaɓar ɗayan zaɓuɓɓuka don dredging:

• Peat doki, ƙasar ganye, haushi da yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 1: 1;
• Peat, yankakken gansakken sphagnum, tsakuwa mai kyau, ciyawar ƙasa (3: 1: 1: 1/2), ɗan ƙaramin kwalliya da gawayi.

Ana buƙatar malalewa mai kyau.

Taki da taki

Ana ciyar da fure fure na Anthurium sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2-3 a cikin lokacin daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba. M ruwa mai ma'adinai da takin mai magani don tsire-tsire fure a cikin rabin taro.

Juyawa

Canji ne da za'ayi a watan Fabrairu-Maris.

Samarin samfurori matasa suna dasawa a kowace shekara, manya - sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3-4.

Tukunya ya kamata ƙarami, ya dace da girman tsarin tushen.

Lokacin hutawa

Babu lokacin hutawa da aka ambata. A cikin hunturu, ya zama dole don rage ruwa da kiyayewa a zazzabi na digiri 16-18.

Idan hutu ne

Idan ka bar shuka har tsawon kwanaki 7, ba zai ji ƙarancin runduna ba. Koyaya, idan kun tafi tsawon lokaci - sanya amintaccen maganin anthurium ga dangi ko makwabta.

Kiwo

Anthurium yana yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba rhizome (tafiyar matakai), ƙwaya da tsaba.

Rhizome rabo

Za'a iya rarrabe fure mai fure lokacin dasawa ko don raba tsari daga tsire na uwar. Idan tsari bashi da tushe, kuna buƙatar sanya shi cikin sphagnum mai laushi. Idan akwai tushen, ana shuka ɗan ƙaramin shuka nan da nan a cikin ƙasa. Na farko kwanaki 2 bai kamata a shayar dashi ba, kawai Dole ne a sanya iska a kusa da fure.

Yankan

Idan tsohuwar anthurium ya daɗe sosai, zaku iya datsa saman gemun tare da ganyen 2-4. A lokaci guda, ragowar "kututture" cikin sauri zai ba da sabon harbe a gefe.

Tushen daskararre a cikin sphagnum ko cakuda sphagnum, haushi da gawayi. Akwatin an rufe shi da polyethylene kuma an sanya shi cikin wuri mai cike da wuta. Amon ya canza kamar yadda ya cancanta. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don tushen shine digiri 24-26. Lokacin da itace ya samo tushe kuma ya fara girma, ana iya dasa shi cikin tukunyar mutum.

Girma Anthurium daga tsaba

Yana da Dole a yi amfani da sabo tsaba, kamar yadda suke da sauri rasa su germination. An shuka su a farfaɗar siminti wanda ya ƙunshi yashi, peat da ƙasa. Akwatin an rufe shi da gilashi, kullun yana shara shi. Bayan kwanaki 7-10, harbe suka bayyana, bayan watanni 1-1.5 - ganye na farko. Bayan watanni 2-3, ana iya dasa shuki.

Cutar da kwari

Rashin ingantaccen kulawa yana haifar da matsaloli tare da anthurium:

• Ganyayyaki sun fara duhu - karin wuce haddi.
• Bar anthurium juya launin rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa - karancin zafin jiki.
• Ptsotsa na fure - rashin haske, rashin wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ƙasa.
• Baƙar fata da launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye - wuce haddi watering, m, substrate nauyi.
• Bar anthurium an juya - wuce haddi ko rashin walwala, zafi mara nauyi.
• Hanyoyin ganye suna rawaya - low zazzabi, zayyana, kuma bushe iska.
• Bar kadan baƙi - wuce haddi a cikin ƙasa, ruwa mai tsauri.

Anthurium za a iya shafawa da mealybug, gizo-gizo gizo, tushen nematodes, aphids.

Nau'in Anthurium tare da hotuna da sunaye

Kariji Antururi (Anthurium andreanum)

Tsawon wannan epiphyte shine 50-75 cm. Ganyayyaki mara fata mai tsayi ya kai tsawon cm 30 zuwa 40, faɗin 15-20 cm .. Farin ciki ko launin rawaya, har zuwa 15 cm tsayi, an lulluɓe shi a cikin shimfidar gado mai launin fata mai launin fata tare da alamun farin ciki da sheki mai shege farfajiya.

Sanannun nau'ikan Anthurium Andre:

• 'Acropolis' - ganye - kore mai duhu, kunne - rawaya, bracts - fari, fadi;
• 'Arizona' - kunne - kore-rawaya, shimfidar gado - jan;
• 'Gwarzon Kare' - cob da bedspread - ruwan hoda mai haske;
• 'Kasuwanci' - cob - kore-ja, shimfidar gado - rawaya, yana da siffar kibiya.

Anthurium scherzerianum

Ganyen elliptical ko ganyen lanceolate suna da matte gama. Tsaunin Peduncle - 15-50 cm .. Kunnen ya yi launin rawaya ko lemo. Ana buga takalmin gyaran kafa, fara'a, fentin ruwan hoda, ja, ruwan lemo, kore.

Anthurium majestic / Anthurium magnificum

Wide da tsawon ganye ana fentin duhu kore, mai kauri. Jijiyoyin jikin sashin ganye yana da launi na zaitun, domin ganyen ya sami kyakkyawan launi. Bractal bedspread kore tare da jan tint.

Anthurium bakeri (Anthurium bakeri)

Ganyayyaki masu launin bel mai launin fata suna da tsawon 20-50 cm, faɗin of 3-9 cm 9. lowerarin ɓangaren farantin ganye an rufe shi da ɗigon launin ruwan-shuɗi. Tsawon farfajiyar ya banbanta daga cm 5 zuwa 30. Tsawon farin kunnuwa ya kai cm 10. Thearfin mayafin shuɗi ne mai launin shuɗi, yana samun shuɗi mai launin shuɗi zuwa gefuna.