Lambu da ke da nishaɗi suna yin busar zuma a cikin shirye-shiryensu na sirri. Ba'a amfani dashi azaman kayan ado na shuka don aikin lambu na tsaye - ado na pergolas, arbor. Honeysuckle kuma mai daraja sosai ga da dadi berries. Wannan shi ne ɗayan amfanin gona na damuna-hunturu, masu ba da 'ya'ya har ma a wurare masu haɗari na noma - a cikin Urals, Altai, da Siberia. An gano nau'ikan Nymph a matsayin wanda ba a iya amfani da shi a cikin halayensa har zuwa yau.
Tarihin Bambancin Nymph
Halin halittar ruwan zuma (lonicera) yana da nau'ikan sama da 200, mafi yawansu suna girma ne a cikin arewacin hemisphere. A Rasha, ana samun nau'ikan 50 a cikin yanayi. Mazauna Siberiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya sun daɗe suna tattara ciyawar daji. Bayani na farko game da kudan zuma tare da fruitsa fruitsan itaciyar mai daɗi suna ƙunshe cikin Skasky, Rashanci V. Kamchatka Mai Binciko Atlasova (ƙarshen karni na 17). Hanyoyin da aka zaɓa na ruwan sha, waɗanda mazauna cikin taiga suka samo, sun fara girma a cikin lambunan na gabashin Siberia. A tsakiyar karni na XIX, masu shayar da tsire-tsire sun jawo hankulan shuka, sakamakon gwaje-gwajen da yawa a farkon karni na XX, an fara fitar da honeysuckle. I.V. Michurin yayi la'akari da wannan shuka mai amfanin gona mai mahimmanci na Berry.
Honeysuckle Nymph - ɗayan mafi kyawun irin zaɓi na Rasha
Nymph - iri-iri da aka kirkira a tashar gwaji ta Pavlovsk mai suna bayan N.I. Vavilova (Saint-Petersburg). Mazaunan M.N. Plekhanova da A.V. Kondrikova ya karɓi ta sakamakon pollination na ƙwararren Leningrad mai girma. Honeysuckle, wanda kuma ake kira Gamma, an gabatar dashi cikin Rajistar Jiha a 1998 kuma an ba da shawarar yin namo a cikin Rasha.
Kankana bai ji tsoron ko da tsananin sanyi ba, saboda haka an girma ba tare da matsala a yankuna na arewacin ba
Bayanin
Kudan zuma na Honeysuckle na ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun iri. Godiya ga 'ya'yan itace mai zaki. Bugu da kari, iri-iri na da tsananin juriya. Harbe-iska suna tsayayya da sanyi har zuwa -50 ° C, Tushen har zuwa -40 ° C. Buds, fure da kuma ovaries ba su yin asara a -8 ° C. Sabili da haka, al'adar za a iya noma a yankuna tare da matsanancin winters.
Siffar
Da dama matsakaici farkon ripening. Yana Forms vigorous (har zuwa 2.5 m) dan kadan yada daji da karfi, madaidaiciya, pubescent harbe na haske koren launi. Ganyen suna da girma, kore mai duhu, olongated oval. Ganyen ganye yana madaidaiciya, tare da tushe mai faɗi-fadi.
Honeysuckle Nymph ya samar da karfi, yaduwar daji kadan
Blooms a cikin manyan furanni masu launin launin toka-mai launi. Babban fa'idar ire-ire shine ire-iren 'ya'yan itatuwa masu daɗin rai a watan Yuni. Berries masu nauyin 0.8 g suna da elongated, fusiform, tare da shimfidar bututu. Kwasfa daga matsakaici kauri, ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da daɗi, ƙoshin ɗanɗano, ƙoshin ɗanɗano - maki 4.7 daga cikin 5.
Babban darajar nau'in Nymph itace 'ya'yan itace masu zaki.
Yawancin yana ba da matsakaita na kilogiram 2 a kowane daji, tare da kulawa mai kyau - ƙari. Honeysuckle ya fara yin 'ya'ya a cikin shekara ta 3, yana kula da yawan aiki mai kyau har zuwa shekaru 25-30, kuma galibi har zuwa shekaru 40. Shedding na 'ya'yan itace cikakke ne matsakaici. Al'adu da wuya rashin lafiya, rauni shafi aphids. A matsayin rashin kyau, an lura da ɓoye kambi idan an yankan lokaci na daji ba.
Kankana yana cikin kai-da-kai; don samun amfanin gona, lallai ne a shuka wasu nau'in a kusa. Mafi kyawun pollinators su ne Amphora, Zaɓi Oneaya, Pavlovskaya.
Fasali
Haɓakawa da haɓakawa na itacen bishiyoyi ya dogara ne akan wurin da ya dace da lafiyar na ofan itacen.
Zaɓin wurin zama
Honeysuckle al'ada ce ta yanayin hunturu, ba ta tsoron iska mai sanyi, saboda haka ana iya dasa ta a wani fili, amma a ƙarƙashin yanayin cewa yawancin rana za ta yi haske sosai da rana. Naman zai girma a cikin inuwa, amma rashin hasken zai yi mummunan tasiri kan yawan amfanin ƙasa da ɗanɗano na berries.
Ya kamata a dasa Honeysuckle a cikin wuraren da ke da tsabta
A iri-iri ne unpretentious ga yanayin ƙasa, amma har yanzu fi son loamy, Organic--kasa kasa da tsaka tsaki acidity. A kan kasa na acidic, dajin a hankali ya mutu. Ya kamata ka ba shuka amfanin gona a cikin low-kwance m wurare tare da abin da ya faru na ruwan karkashin kasa: wuce haddi danshi take kaiwa zuwa Rotting daga cikin tushen.
Lokacin sauka
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa shuki a shafin shine daga watan Agusta zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba. Tsarin bazara bai zama wanda ba a ke so ba tunda ƙoshin zuma yana fara aiwatar da ciyayi da wuri. A tsakiyar Maris, da buds kumbura, da dasa a wannan lokacin zai barnatar da shuka shuka: shi fara ji rauni, ba ya dauki tushe sosai.
Sai kawai a wasu yankuna, da in babu dusar ƙanƙara a cikin bazara (har sai Maris 15), ana iya dasa bushes bishiyoyi ta hanyar natsuwa.
Zabin seedlings
Cibiyoyin lambun yanzu suna ba da kewayon wadataccen ruwan zuma. A nan zaku iya zaɓar ainihin waɗancan nau'ikan waɗanda aka karkatar da su zuwa yanayin gida, sami mashawarci mai ban sha'awa game da amfanin gona masu tasowa. A cikin wuraren kiwon dabbobi, galibi ana sayar da tsire-tsire a cikin kwantena - ƙasashen da aka dasa tare da dunƙule ƙasa, suna sauri da sauri ba su da tushe. Zai fi kyau sayi tsire-tsire masu shekaru 2-3.
Yana da kyau ka sayi seedlingssuckle seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tushen tsarin - za su ɗauki tushen mara nauyi kuma suna girma
Yankunan lafiya masu lafiya ya kamata suna da rassa masu sassauƙa tare da buds, an inganta tsarin tushen, ba tare da alamun rot. Lokacin zabar tsire-tsire na lambu, ƙwanƙolin scaly sau da yawa yana rikicewa. Koyaya, wannan fasalin wannan al'ada ta Berry ba ta da wata alaƙa da ƙarancin ɗan itacen.
Dokokin saukarwa
Wurin an shirya makonni 2-3 kafin dasawa. Sanya ƙasa, cire ciyawa, tono ramuka 40 cm faɗin ƙasa da zurfi. Sanya wani yanki na magudanar ruwa daga ƙwanƙwasa ko yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa, saka ƙasa a ƙasa mai hatsi mai haɗe da 20 l na humus, 60 g na superphosphate da 500 g na ash (maimakon ash, zaka iya ƙara 500 g alli).
Sa'a guda kafin dasa shuki, ana saukar da seedling cikin mafita tare da Kornevin, wanda ke ƙarfafa tushen samuwar.
Mataki-mataki-mataki:
- A tsakiyar ramin an kafa tudun ƙasa mai kyau.
- An sanya seedling, yana yada tushen sosai. Ana shuka tsire-tsire daga ganga tare da ƙasa.
Don saƙar ƙwayar zuma, kuna buƙatar tono rami 40 cm zurfi
- Yayyafa seedling domin haɓakar girma shine 5 cm ƙasa da matakin ƙasa.
- Tabbatar girgiza da shuka domin voids ba su samar, tamp kasar gona.
Isasa tana matse bayan saukar da ƙasa don babu ragowar gudu a ciki
- An kafa rami zagaye sannan a zuba ruwa 10 na ruwa a wurin.
- Bayan mamaye danshi ciyawa kasar gona da hay, humus.
Honeysuckle seedlings bada shawarar kada a pruned nan da nan bayan dasa - rage da harbe take kaiwa zuwa jinkiri a fruiting.
Fasahar aikin gona
Kulawa da maganin shaye shaye na nymph ya hada da bushewar ƙasa ta yau da kullun, takin ƙasa, ƙawance, girki, da kuma matakan rigakafin cututtuka.
Watering da loosening
A cikin shekaru 2 na farko, kawai ana shawo ruwa da cire ciyawa. Al'adar tana son danshi, amma ba ta yarda da ciyawa. Ana shayar da Honeysuckle sau 4-6 a kowace kakar tare da lita 10 na ruwa a kowane daji. Al'adar musamman tana da bukatar danshi yayin fure da samuwar 'ya'yan itace. Rashin ruwa yayi mummunan tasiri game da ɗanɗano na berries da girman amfanin gona.
Bishiyar berry musamman tana buƙatar danshi lokacin fure da samuwar 'ya'yan itace
Don haɓaka pollination da jawo hankalin ƙudan zuma zuwa gonar, yayin bayyanar buds, gogaggen lambu ya ba da shawara ta hanyar fesa ruwan zuma da maganin sukari ko zuma (2 tbsp. L. 10 l).
Bayan ruwan sama ko ruwa, a hankali kwance ƙasa. Tunda tushen honeysuckle suna kusa da farfajiya, ana aiwatar da loosening zuwa zurfin zurfin cm cm 8. Tsarin mulch tare da kauri na 10 cm kuma yana ba da damar kiyaye ƙasa ta jika kuma yana hana haɓaka ciyawar Hay, bambaro, sawdust, humus ana amfani da kayan mulching.
Tsarin ciyawa a kusa da ciyawar honeysuckle yana taimakawa riƙe danshi da kuma hana cizon sako.
Manyan miya
A cikin farkon yanayi biyu, ba a ciyar da zuma ba, ba shi da sinadaran da aka gabatar yayin dasa. A shekara ta uku a cikin bazara, ana yin ciyawar bishiyar da ammonium nitrate (30 g 10 l). Lokacin da buds suka buɗe ƙarƙashin daji, ana ƙara kilogiram 10 na humus, a ƙarshen watan Agusta - 400 g na ash. Kafin farko na sanyi weather, shirya shuki na hunturu, takin kasar gona da kilogiram na 5 na takin, 100 g na ash, zaka iya ƙara 40 g na superphosphate (1 a 1 m2) Kowane shekaru uku a ƙarshen kakar, ana bada shawara don ciyar da ƙoshin zuma tare da takin potash (15 g m2), kara juriya ga tsirrai zuwa cututtuka.
Kafin fure, yana da amfani don aiwatar da kayan miya na sama foliar tare da takin halitta na HB 101 (1 ml 20 l m2) An samar da wannan magani daga plantain, Pine, cypress da itacen al'ul na Jafananci, ya ƙunshi silicon kuma mai gwagwarmaya ne, yana ƙarfafa rigakafin shuka.
Wood ash - ingantaccen taki na ƙasa wanda ke ɗauke da potassium, phosphorus, alli da sauran mahimman ma'adanai na honeysuckle
Bidiyo: Kula da Kula da Abinci
Mai jan tsami
Shekaru ukun farko basa ciyar da dajin. A cikin yanayi mai zuwa, ana cire bushe, rassan da mara lafiya a cikin kaka. Daga shekara ta 6, rigakafin tsufa ya zama dole. Yanke tsoffin rassan 2 a gindi kuma su bar ƙananan harbe 3. A hankali, bayan ya cika shekaru 15, daji ya sake samun farfadowa.
Pruning yana ba ku damar samun kurmi mai kyau da iska mai iska
Tare da haɓaka mai ƙarfi na honeysuckle, dole ne a fitar da kambi na bakin ciki. Wannan ya zama dole domin rana ta haskaka dukkan bishiyoyi, kuma muzantar da kwari saukin shiga tsakiyar daji.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Honeysuckle za a iya girma daga tsaba, cuttings, layering kuma ta rarraba daji.
- Hanyar iri tana da matukar wahala kuma ana amfani da ita ne don gwaje-gwajen zaɓi.
- Abu ne mai sauki mu yada ruwan zuma ta hanyar rarraba daji. An raba daji ingantacce zuwa sassa tare da tushe, rassan kwarangwal da harbe harbe. Mai rabawa tare da rassan gajarta zuwa 45 cm ana shuka shi akan wurin da aka shirya.
- Mafi sau da yawa, yaduwar al'adun Berry ta amfani da hanyar yanka. An girbe lignified cuttings a ƙarshen kaka: an yanka girma shekara zuwa kashi 15-santimita kuma an adana shi a cikin ginshiki har sai lokacin bazara. A ƙarshen Maris, ana shuka su a cikin greenhouse, suna barin koda ɗaya a saman farfajiya. Duniya tana bushewa akai-akai, an kori iska. Wata daya daga baya, Tushen kafa a kan cuttings.
An yanke cutukan Honeysuckle a faɗo kuma an adana su a cikin ginshiki har sai lokacin bazara
- Lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar kore kore a farkon lokacin bazara, an raba harbe zuwa sassa 12 cm tsayi kuma an dasa shi a cikin kwantena tare da cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki, an shayar da shi, an rufe shi da fim, a kai a kai yana yin iska da danshi. Rooting yakan faru ne a cikin wata guda. An dasa yankan a cikin dindindin wuri na gaba.
- Honeysuckle yana yaduwa ta hanyar yadudduka apical. An binne saman tambarin a cikin tsagi a karkashin wani daji, an gyara shi da suturar kuma an shayar dashi. Zafin ya samo tushe ne a cikin wata guda, amma ya kamata a raba shi kuma a dasa shi a cikin kaka na gaba.
Kyakkyawan hanya mai sauƙi don ƙirƙirar honeysuckle - yadudduka apical
Bidiyo: yaduwar ƙwayar zuma ta hanyar kore
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Honeysuckle tsire-tsire ne mai sanyin sanyi, ba dalili ba cikin yanayi yana rayuwa musamman a arewacin latitude. Sabili da haka, al'ada ba ta buƙatar dumama. A gaban Hauwa na sanyi yanayin kawai suna aiwatar da ban ruwa na caji da ciyawa tare da ciyawa. A cikin tsananin sanyi sosai, dabarun harbe, wanda aka cire a farkon bazara, sanyi na iya lalacewa dan kadan.
Rigakafin cutar
Honeysuckle Nymph yana da kyakkyawan rigakafi. Amma a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi mara kyau, alamun lalacewar daji ta cututtuka za su iya bayyana. Matakan kariya na lokaci-lokaci zasu hana bayyanar kwari.
Tebur: Cutar kumburin zuma
| Cutar | Kwayar cutar | Yin rigakafin | Jiyya |
| Powdery mildew | Ganyen an rufe shi da farin shafi, bushe, bushewar hunturu na al'ada yana raguwa. |
| Fesa bushes kafin fure tare da 1% Topsin-M, 0.2% Fundazol, 0.4% Tsineba. |
| Soot naman gwari | Wani duhu mai duhu akan foliage. Tare da mahimmancin rauni, shuka da sauri ya bushe. | Cire ganye mai ganye. | Kafin fure, sau biyu tare da tazara na kwanaki 7, bi da cakuda 1% Bordeaux, 1% Fundazole, Tsineba (8 g 10 l). |
| Cutar tarin fuka | A harbe, ja-launin ruwan kasa tubercles form, a cikin abin da fungal spores ci gaba. |
| A farkon lokacin girma, yayyafa tare da cakuda Bordeaux 1%. |
Taskar Hoto: Cutar da zata Iya Shafar Kwakwalwa
- Dogon ruwa yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban fari mil a cikin ruwan zuma
- Honeysuckle ya shafa ta naman alade da sauri yana rasa ƙarfi
- Tare da ƙara zafi, an kirkiro yanayi mai kyau don haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta na naman gwari
Tebur: Karin kumallon zuma
| Karin kwari | Bayyanai | Yin rigakafin | Matakan |
| Garkuwa | Larvae daga cikin sikelin kwari, da ke fitowa a farkon bazara, tsaya wa harbe-harbe, rufe su da garkuwa mai yawa. Cin ruwan 'ya'yan itace, kwari suna haifar da bushewa da mutuwar daji. |
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| Kushin zuma | Bayyanar kwaro ya ba da gudummawa ga dasa shuki ko inuwa mai inuwa. A kashin ya tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace, Bar curl da fada. | Ahankali fitar da daji. |
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| Kifin zinari | Irin ƙwaro tsutsa gnaws rassan daga ciki, harbe bushe fita. |
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Hoto na Hoto: Karin kuɗin zuma
- Scorpion larvae tsaya ga honeysuckle harbe
- Motsin zuma na hanun zuma da sauri a cikin yanayin rigar
- Kudan gwal na Goldfish suna hawa cikin rassan
Berries kamar su tsuntsaye. Don kare amfanin gona daga tsuntsaye, lokacin da suke fitar da 'ya'yan itacen, ya kamata a rufe shuki da bangon kariya.
Girbi
Berries na honeysuckle berries ya girma a farkon bazara a lokaci guda. Ana adana 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ɗore a cikin firiji don kwanaki 2-3 kawai, saboda haka, don adana berries mai warkarwa na dogon lokaci, suna daskarewa, bushe, sorbet, ruwan' ya'yan itace, ana shirya giya, an ƙara kayan zaki da kayan marmari.
Jam tare da strawberries ne musamman da dadi.
'Ya'yan itãcen Honeysuckle suna cinye sabo, bushe, an shirya compotes daga gare su, jam
Honeysuckle ya ƙunshi yawancin bitamin da ma'adanai, saboda haka ana ba da shawarar a saka shi a cikin abincin mutane da cututtukan zuciya, jijiyoyin jini, idanu. Ruwan 'ya'yan itace yana maganin cutar lasis da kumburi. Kuma daga ganyen ganyen honeysuckle, ana shirya teas na magani, ana bada shawara don cututtukan fata da cututtukan koda.
Nasiha
Honeysuckle shine Berry da haushi, don haka zaɓi sabon nau'in da ba mai ɗaci da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Nymph - mai dadi sosai, mai daɗi, ba tare da haushi ba kwata-kwata.
Lyudmila//www.babyblog.ru/community/post/ogorod/3142501
Honeysuckle yawanci mara ƙarfi ne, 1-2 kilogiram daga wani daji mai girma - wannan tabbas rikodin ne. Daga cikin nau'una bakwai, na Nymph ya fi dadi. Kusan babu acid, duk da mummunan yanayin a watan Mayu-Yuni.
LenaRya//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=47401
Na kirgaye bushes na honeysuckle 13 a gida. Pollinated ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Mafi kyawun - Nymph, Leningrad giant, Bakcharskaya, Vitamin. Mafi dadi shine Nymph.
Vitaya//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?p=903974
Honeysuckle Nymph wata itaciya ce mai dorewa kuma mai dorewa wacce ke kula da yawan aiki har tsawon shekaru. Al'adar sanyi tana iya jure yanayin zafin Rasha, kuma 'ya'yan itaciya sun karu a tsakiyar watan Yuni. Lambunan jan hankalin Nymphs suna jan hankalinsu - ana yawan amfani da bushes don yin ado da wuri da kuma shinge shinge.
