Abarba: dasa, kulawa da kuma fatan samun nasara

Abarba Abubuwan shahararren tsire-tsire masu zafi ne wanda za'a iya girma a gida. Advantagearin fa'ida, ƙari ga yanayin bayyanuwa, shine rashin fassararsa. Koyaya, akwai ƙa'idodi da yawa game da ingantaccen shuka da kuma kula da wannan amfanin gona.

Abarba na dasa abarba

A cikin yanayin, abarba ana yada shi ta hanyar tsirrai da yadudduka, kuma a gida zaku iya samun kyakkyawan shuka daga saman.

Fiye

Idan kana son dasa saman abarba, to, ka yi la’akari da samun “mahaifar” tayin. Irin wannan 'ya'yan itacen ya kamata ya kasance cikakke. A hankali duba saman. Ya kamata ya zama sabo, ba tare da ɓarna da lahani ba kuma tare da lafiyayyen tushe na launin kore mai haske.

Ana iya samun fiɗaɗɗa ta dace a ƙarshen bazara, farkon kaka da damina. The fi daga "abar hunturu" abarba ba za ta yi aiki ba - suna fuskantar yawancin lokuta zuwa yanayin sanyi, daskarewa sabili da haka ba zai iya zama ci gaba mai kyau ba.

Saman tare da ingantaccen koren kore ya dace don kara haɓakawa.

Tsarin ƙasa ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa. Da farko kuna buƙatar cire saman. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don yin wannan:

1. A hankali a yanka saman, grabbing ɗin ɓangaren litattafan almara 2-3 cm.
2. Riƙe da ɗayan hannun, tare da ɗayan - a saman kuma gungura shi sau da yawa.

Pineapple saman za a iya yanka ko juya

Sannan kuna buƙatar shirya saman don saukowa. Yi ƙoƙarin yin dukkan aikin a hankali, in ba haka ba kayan aikin zai lalace:

1. A sarari share saman sauran ɓangaren litattafan almara.
2. Cire ƙananan ganye don a samar da silinda mai sauƙi 2-3 cm tsayi.
   

   Ganye daga kasan saman yakamata a cire.
3. Rage yanki don hana lalacewar:
   1. Shirya wani haske mai ruwan hoda mai haske na daskarar potassium (1 g na foda a kowace 200 g na ruwa) kuma sanya saman a ciki na minti 1. Sai a rinka bushewa a bushe.
   2. Yayyafa yanka tare da gawayi mai aiki (kuna buƙatar murƙushe Allunan 1-2).
4. Bayan aiwatarwa, bushe tip ɗin tsawon kwanaki 5-7 a cikin madaidaiciyar matsayi (yanka kada ya taɓa saman) a cikin duhu, ɗakin bushe a zazzabi na ɗakin.
   

   The fi abarba an bushe a cikin wani wuri tsaye

5. Tushen (na zaɓi):
   1. Don yin wannan, sanya ɓangaren da aka tsabtace na saman a cikin gilashin cike da ruwan dumi, cm cm 3. Gwada canza ruwan kowane kwana 2.
      

      Lokacin da tushen saman abarba a cikin ruwa, Tushen ya kamata ya bayyana bayan makonni 2-3

   2. Dole ne a ajiye blank a cikin wuri mai dumi, mai haske, amma ba a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba, kuma ya kamata a guji zayyanawa da tsauraran zafin jiki.
   3. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, Tushen ya bayyana bayan makonni 2-3.
      

      Za a iya dasa saman abarba tare da tushen a cikin tukunya

   4. Lokacin da suka kai tsawon 2 cm, za a iya dasa saman a cikin tukunyar.

Bayan aikin shirya, zaku iya fara dasa saman a cikin ƙasa:

1. Shirya karamin tukunya (200-300 ml) kuma sanya ramuka na magudanar a ciki.
2. Sanya magudanar ruwa a kasan (busasshiyar yumbu, tsakuwa mai laushi), sannan kasa:
   • turf ƙasar (sassa 3) + yashi (1 part) + humus (1 part);
   • turf ƙasar (sassa 3) + humus (2 sassa) + peat (2 sassa) + tsattsage sawdust (2 sassa) + yashi (1 part);
   • yashi (1 part) + peat (1 part);
   • na gama-gari wanda aka shirya don bromeliads ko cacti.
     

     A kasan tukunya, zuba magudanar ruwa
3. Danshi ƙasa kuma a tsakiyar yi rami 3 cm zurfi.
4. Zuba 0.5-1 tbsp. l gawayi.
5. A hankali sanya bakin a cikin ramin kuma yada tushen sa.
6. Yayyafa ƙasa tare da ƙasa, haɗawa kaɗan, da ruwa kuma.
   

   Ilasa bayan dasa shuki yana buƙatar ɗan ɗanɗano dan kadan

7. Rufe dasa tare da jakar filastik don kada ganyen ya taɓa fim ɗin, ko sanya shi ƙarƙashin kwalin gilashi, sannan ya sanya shi a cikin wurin mai dumi, mai haske.
   

   Microclimate a ƙarƙashin murfin gilashin zai taimaka wa abarba ya samo tushe da sauri

Florists dasa abarba, kwanaki 2 kafin dasa shuki, ana bada shawarar zube kasa da ruwan zãfi domin lalata shi kuma ya samar da matakan zafi da ake so.

Gaskiyar cewa saman yana da tushe, in ji bayyanar sababbin ganye. Har zuwa wannan lokacin, ci gaba da ɓoye kayan aikin, tare da samar da farko tare da ƙarami (minti 10 sau 2 a rana), sannan kuma dukkanin kumburin mafi tsayi har sai an cire murfin gabaɗaya. Ruwa matsakaici. Dandana masu girbi an shawarci danshi ba kawai ƙasa ba, har ma da kanti. Karku bar izinin shiga cikin ganye, goge ko canja fim.

Don duk aikin da don ƙarin ban ruwa, kawai ruwa mai laushi ya dace - zauna don kwana ɗaya, narke, ruwan sama ko tafasa.

Tsaba

Ba a taɓa yin amfani da wannan hanyar ba, tunda kusan babu tsaba a cikin abarba ana sayarwa. Bugu da kari, a cikin shagunan zaka iya samun hybrids wanda tsaba basa ɗaukar kaddarorin uwar, saboda haka ana bada shawara don ɗaukar kayan kawai daga tsire-tsire da aka tabbatar, alal misali, waɗanda kansu sun girma daga zuriya kuma suna bayar da kyakkyawan sakamako.

Abarba Abarba

A cikin abarba, kasusuwa suna cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara a ƙarƙashin fata. Idan suna da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu kuma suna da wuya a taɓa, to ana iya dasa su. A hankali cire tsaba tare da wuka kuma kurkura a cikin bayani na potassium permanganate (1 g da 200 ml na ruwa), to, cire, bushe a kan tawul ɗin takarda da fara shuka.

Abarba Abarba Ya dace da shuka - Dark Brown, Hard

Matakan shiri da saukarwa:

1. Soaking. Sanya kayan da aka sanyaya (kayan auduga ko allon auduga) a kasan kwandon ko a farantin. Sanya ƙasusuwa a bisan ku da rufe su da kananun abu guda. Sanya kayan aikin a cikin wani wurin dumi don sa'o'i 18-24. Tsaba ya kamata ƙara kumbura kadan.
2. Shuka a cikin ƙasa. Cika akwati don dasawa tare da cakuda peat da yashi peeled (ya kamata a ɗauka a daidai sassan), sanyaya ƙasa kuma dasa tsaba a nesa na 7-10 cm daga juna, suna zurfafa su ta 1-2 cm.
3. Bayan shuka, tabbatar da rufe akwati tare da fim ko gilashi da wuri a cikin wurin dumi.
4. Lokacin fito da harbe ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki: a 30-32^{game da}Tsarin zaiyi girma a cikin makonni 2-3, a cikin yanayin sanyi mafi sanyi sprouts din zasu bayyana ba sama da kwanaki 30-45 ba.

Harbi yakan bayyana a tsakanin makonni 3-4, yayin da yawan zafin jiki ya kamata aƙalla 30^{game da}C. A kai a kai yana kwantar da plantings (minti 10 sau 2 a rana) kuma a shayar da ƙasa yadda ake buƙata. Idan ka shuka iri a cikin akwati na gama gari, to, bayan ganye na uku ya bayyana a cikin seedlings, peck su cikin kwantena daban:

1. Shirya tukwane tare da ƙarawa na 0.5-0.7 lita. Yi ramuka na magudanar a cikinsu ka cika 1/3 tare da yumɓun da aka shimfiɗa ko yumbu mai kyau.
2. Zuba ƙasa (turf ƙasa (2 sassan) + humus (1 part) + yashi (1 part)).
3. Da kyau moisten kasar gona a cikin akwati tare da sprouts 2 hours kafin nutsewa.
4. Kafin ɗauka, danshi ƙasa a cikin tanki kuma kuyi ramuka a ciki mai zurfin 2 cm.
5. A hankali cire sprout, ajiye dunƙule na ƙasa a kan tushen, da kuma sanya a cikin rami. Yayyafa da ƙasa, a ɗan haɗa shi.
6. Rufe kwantena tare da tsare kuma sanya shi cikin wuri mai dumi, mai haske.

Abubuwan fashewa suna buƙatar a haife su don samar da isasshen sarari don asalin sa

Rike sprouts a cikin "greenhouse" har sai sun tushe (alamun suna daidai da na saman), kuna samar da iska mai iska (minti 20-30 a kowace rana). Hakanan kar a manta da shayar da kasar gona lokacin bushewa.

Maimaitawa

Kuna iya shuka abarba ta wannan hanyar idan kun sami tsire-tsire na fara tasawa. Abin takaici, abarba abarba ya mutu jim kaɗan bayan ya ba da amfanin gona, kuma idan kuna son ci gaba da bunkasa abarba, zaku iya yin wannan da taimakon ta saka ruwa.

Don dasa, layering ya dace, ganye wanda akan sa tsawon 15 cm.

Abarba za a iya yadu dashi ta hanyar saka farashi

Mataki-mataki-mataki:

1. A hankali rabu da tushen yadudduka.
2. Dry a cikin tsaye tare da kanti a ƙasa tsawon kwanaki 5-7 a wani wuri mai duhu a zazzabi na ɗakin sai ƙirar ta fi girma. Ka tuna cewa fenti ya kamata ya taɓa kowane saman.
3. Aauki tukunya 0.3 L kuma cika shi:
   1. Tsarin lambatu shine 2-3 cm.
   2. Ilasan (turf ƙasar (3 sassa) + humus (2 sassa) + peat (2 sassa) + ruɓaɓɓen sawdust (2 sassa) + yashi (1 part). Zuba ruwan zãfi kwanaki 1-2 kafin dasawa.
4. Yi rami a cikin ƙasa mai laushi tare da zurfin 2-2.5 cm kuma dasa yadudduka a ciki, bayan yayyafa tushen da gawayi. Lyauka ɗaukar ƙasa.
5. Rufe filayen tare da tsare kuma sanya a cikin wani wurin dumi, mai haske.

Abubuwan fashewa dole ne a rufe su har sai an dasa tushen.

Abar kulawa da Abarba

Don samun ingantaccen shuka, kuna buƙatar bin aan sauƙaƙan dokokin agrotechnical, bayar da kulawa ta musamman ga yanayin haske da yanayin zafin jiki, tunda daga gare su ne cewa lafiyar da ciwan abarba sun dogara.

Haske

Don ingantaccen ci gaba, abarba yana buƙatar kimanin awa 12 na hasken rana. Yana da kyawawa don sanya shuka a cikin wuri mai haske, an yarda da zaman kwance a hasken rana kai tsaye.

A cikin hunturu, abarba dole ne a haskaka shi da fitila mai kyalli.

Abarba yana buƙatar sanya shi a cikin wuri mai haske, yana buƙatar awoyi na hasken rana kimanin awa 12

Zazzabi

Abarba shine al'ada mai ƙauna da zafi, saboda haka ya zama dole a lura da tsarin zafin jiki a hankali, in ba haka ba shuka ba zai iya ci gaba ba. A lokacin rani, dole ne a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a cikin 25-30^{game da}C, a cikin hunturu - 18-20^{game da}C. Hakanan yi ƙoƙarin guje wa canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki da kuma zayyanawa (musamman a lokacin hunturu lokacin yin iska), tunda cutar sanƙara tana cutar da lafiyar abarba kuma yana iya tayar da mutuwansa.

Juyawa

A bu mai kyau ga dasa abarba a kowace shekara a lokacin rani. Za'a iya dasa tsiron kowace shekara a cikin tukunya tare da ƙara mai na 1 lita, mai shekaru biyu tare da ƙara mai lita 2-2.5, ɗan shekara uku tare da ƙara mai nauyin lita 3-4. Shuka kai tsaye a cikin babban tanki ba shi da daraja, saboda ƙasa na iya zama acidic da sauri. Lokacin dasawa, yi amfani da hanyar daskararre don kiyaye ƙamshin da ke ƙasa kuma kada ku lalata tsarin tushen: don wannan dalili, kada ku shayar da ƙasa don kwanaki da yawa lokacin da ta bushe, kunna tukunya kuma cire shuka. A kowane juyawa, yayyafa tushen wuya (wurin da akwati ke zuwa tushe) tare da ƙasa na cm cm.

Mataki-mataki-mataki:

1. Shirya tukunya na girman da ake buƙata a cika shi 1/3 tare da kayan magudanar ruwa.
2. Zuba ƙasa kaɗan a saman sa (zaka iya ɗaukar guda ɗaya da aka yi amfani dashi lokacin dasa).
3. Cire abarba daga cikin tukunyar kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama kuma sanya ƙammar da ta haifar a tsakiyar sabon akwati.
   

   Abarba ya kamata a dasa shi bisa ga tsarin makirci na kwanciyar hankali na tsirrai na gida - yayin adana coma na duniya akan tushen

4. Cika fanko sarari tsakanin shuka da ganuwar tukunya da ƙasa.
5. Ruwa da ƙasa sosai kuma sanya tukunya a cikin wuri mai haske.

Abarba ba shi da tushen tushen ci gaba, saboda haka yana da kyau a zaɓi tukunyar tukwane da yawa.

Watse

Akwai fasali da yawa da suka danganci ingantaccen sha na abarba:

• Don shayarwa, kuna buƙatar amfani da ruwa tare da zazzabi na akalla 27^{game da}C. Hakanan wajibi ne don sanya acid ta hanyar ƙara citric acid (1/5 tsp. Foda zuwa 250 ml na ruwa).
• Babu wata yarjejeniya tsakanin yan lambu kan yadda ake shan ruwa abarba yadda yakamata, dan haka ayi nazarin hanyoyi daban daban kuma zabi wanda yafi dacewa da kai:
  • Watse a tashar mashin. Idan ana son shayar da abarba a wannan hanyar, to sai a yi shi sau daya a duk ranakun 7-10, kuma a sanyaya kasar lokacin da ta bushe ko kuma a sanya tukunyar a cikin tire tare da cakuda mai narkewa. Idan ruwan da ke cikin mashigar ya ragu, to sai a gwada cire shi, in ba haka ba ganyen zai fara jujjuyawa. Wataƙila yanayi na iya tashi cewa mafitar ba ta shan ruwa kwata-kwata. A wannan yanayin, ci gaba da shayar da ƙasa.
  • Watering kasar gona. Ana yin sa ba sau da yawa - kusan sau 1 a cikin makonni 2, yayin da ya zama dole don sanyaya dukkan yadudduka ƙasa, yayin da ke guje wa tururuwa na ruwa, in ba haka ba Tushen zai fara juyawa.
• Fesa ganyen a kowane ranakun 2-3 ko kuma shafe su da kyalle mai laushi. Idan abarba ta sha ruwa sosai, to, zaku iya barin shi kaɗan a cikin asalin ganyen ƙananan layi, don kada ku zubar da asalin asalin tushen.
• A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a aiwatar da ruwa sau 2 sau da yawa fiye da lokacin rani. Zai fi kyau mu ƙi fesawa a wannan lokacin.

Manyan miya

Ana iya amfani da takin gargajiya da ma'adinai don ciyar da abarba. Idan kuna son amfani da takin zamani, to a wannan yanayin maganin mullein zai fi kyau. An shirya shi kamar haka:

1. Haɗa ƙwayoyin bushe (50 g) tare da ruwa a sassa daidai.
2. Bar don nace a ƙarƙashin murfi na tsawon kwanaki 7-10 a cikin wurin dumi, bushe.
3. Kafin amfani, tsarma maganin da aka haifar da ruwa, ɗaukar 1 ɓangaren cakuda zuwa ɓangaren 1 na cakuda.

Kuna iya shirya mafita don suttuttukan launuka da yawa a lokaci daya kuma adana shi a cikin akwati a rufe. Don kakar, gwangwani 2 na lita 3 yawanci ana shirya su. Don ciyarwa guda na ɗan shuka (shekaru 2-2.5), 10-15.5 na mafita ake buƙata, don mazan daya - 20-30 ml, ana amfani da shi a ƙarƙashin tushen zuwa cikin ƙasa mai daɗaɗɗa da ta gabata. Wannan hanyar ciyarwa ya dace idan ya yuwu a sanya tukunyar abarba a baranda ko kuma a cikin girki na bazara.

Hakanan zaka iya ciyar da abarba tare da takin fure (Agricola, Kemira, Azalea), tunda ka shirya shi bisa ga umarnin, amma shan foda sau 2 ƙasa da shawarar da zaka ciyar da wasu tsirrai. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a fitar da kanti da ganyayyaki. Hakanan ya fi kyau a yi amfani da hadadden ma'adinai yayin fure, sannan a sake komawa ga kwayoyin. Ba a ke so a yi amfani da lemun tsami da ash kamar takin zamani. Abarba yana buƙatar ciyar da shi bayan ya kai shekara 1.5-2, lokaci 1 a cikin kwanakin 15-20 daga farkon Maris zuwa farkon watan Agusta.

Yawancin masu girbin furanni suna bada shawarar spraying abarba tare da maganin sinadarin baƙin ƙarfe (1 g na foda a kowace lita 1 na ruwa). Ya kamata a aiwatar da irin wannan tsarin sau ɗaya a wata daga farkon Maris zuwa ƙarshen Satumba.

Gudun ruwa mai motsawa

Yawanci, abarba ya fara fure a shekara ta 3 bayan dasawa. Idan wannan bai faru ba, to, zaku iya tayar da fure da kanku ta hanyar dasa shukar da hayaki ko zuba shi da mafita ta musamman. Amma yi hankali: ana iya aiwatar da hanyar motsa jiki ne kawai tare da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi, haɓaka mai kyau, ganyen waɗanda ya kai tsawon 60 cm, kuma ginin mafita yana da diamita na 8-10 cm.

Tebur: hanyoyin da za a ɗaga fure na abarba

Abar kulawa a cikin abar kore

Idan kuna da gidan mai zafi mai zafi, zaku iya gwada ciwan abarba a ciki:

1. Shirya ƙasa. Yakamata ya ƙunshi cakuda ƙasa, humus, peat daidai gwargwado da yashi (yana buƙatar ɗaukar sau 2 ƙasa da kowane ɓangaren). Tsarin ƙasa shine 25-35 cm.
2. Danshi kasar gona da sauke rosettes ko ja a ciki a nesa nesa daga 1 m daga juna a cikin ramuka 3-5 cm zurfi.

Babban yanayin shine iska za ta kasance ƙasa da 25^{game da}C, zazzabi ƙasa - ba ƙasa da 20 ba^{game da}C.

Abarba ya fi kyau girma a cikin manyan akwatuna waɗanda aka ɗora a kan su don riƙe kayan ɗumi a ƙarƙashinsu.

Kula da saukowa iri ɗaya ne kamar a gida. Yi ƙoƙarin shayar da tsirrai tare da ruwan acid tare da ruwan citric acid, yawan zafin jiki wanda ba ya ƙasa da zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse. Acetylene, maimakon fumigation, za'a iya amfani dashi don tayar da fure don kada cutar da wasu tsirrai.

Pineapples za a iya yin nasarar girma cikin greenhouse

Kwaro da Cututtuka

Abarba abarba shuka ce wacce ke da rigakafi mai ƙarfi, amma akwai matsaloli da yawa da zaku iya fuskanta lokacin kiwo wannan amfanin gona:

• Bushewar ganye. Wannan yakan faru ne idan tsire-tsire yana cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ko kuma yawan zafin jiki ya wuce kima. Matsar da tukunya zuwa wuri mai sanyaya ko wuri mai inuwa kuma fesa shi da ruwa.
• Blanching na ganye. Alamar rashin haske, don haka sake shirya shuka a wani wuri mai haske.
• Rushewa daga tushe. Wannan saboda yawan zafin rai da sanyi. Sanya abarba a cikin wani wuri mai dumin bari ƙasa ta bushe. Ci gaba da matsakaici watering.

Tebur: Abarba Pineapple

Hoton hoto: wanda ke barazanar abarba

Lokacin sarrafa kwari, yana da kyau kuyi amfani da magunguna, ba'a iyakance akan aikin hannu ba. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa in ba haka ba kawai kwari da yawa sun lalace, kuma ƙwai suna wanzuwa. A hankali karanta umarnin don maganin: yana yiwuwa cewa zaku buƙaci sake aiwatarwa. Idan kuna da sauran tsire-tsire, sake shirya abarba a cikin wani kebantaccen wuri don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta. Wurin da tukunyar abarba ta kasance a tsaye a wanke shi da sabulu mai wanki ko kuma bilic.

Mashahuran Abarba

A gida, zaku iya shuka abarba don dalilai daban-daban. Sake buguwa da kulawa a dukkan halaye iri ɗaya ne.

Bract abarba

Shahararren abarba abune da ya shahara kwarai da gaske: daga bayyanar rana, ganyen sa ya samu launuka masu haske. Bar bar tsawon 1 m, da fari da rawaya ratsi. Ba kamar sauran abarba, wannan nau'in na rayuwa kimanin shekaru 7. Sau da yawa ana amfani dashi azaman shuka na ornamental. Ya dace da kiwo a gida.

Siffar abarba abarba shine kasancewar ratsi

Abarba Caena

Daji ya kai tsayin 0.3-0.5 m, yana da ganyen kore masu duhu da yawa. Ya dace da dasa gida, baya ɗaukar sarari da yawa, kuma yana yaduwa da kyau ta hanyar farashi. Ya fi son wadataccen, kasa-drained kasa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun yi ƙanana, ba su fi tsayi ba 7-10 cm kuma suna awo a cikin kilogiram 0.5, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman abinci.

Za'a iya amfani da 'ya'yan itacen abarba a matsayin abinci.

Abin da ban yi girma ba a kan windowsill dina, amma yanzu ina so in gaya muku game da abarba ta Caena. An gabatar mini da wannan abarba a cikin bazarar Maris 8th. Abarba abar kyau ce, mai kauri, tare da kyawawan kayan furancin kananan furanni masu launin shuɗi. Bayan wani lokaci, ƙaramin abarba ya fara bayyana, kore ne na farko, sannan ya fara jujjuya launin rawaya, wataƙila rabin shekara ya shuɗe daga faɗuwar furanni zuwa bayyanar 'ya'yan itace rawaya. 'Ya'yan itacen abarba suna dandanawa sosai masu daɗi, taushi, ba irin wacce aka sayar a shagon ba. Tabbas, bayan bawo, kusan babu abin da ya rage a wurin, amma duk iyalina sun sami damar gwadawa da kimantawa. Abarba (ganye) a jikinta ba mai tsayi, 20-25 cm Kuma 'ya'yan itacen sun kai kusan 7 cm.

Raspi

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Abarba Champaka

A daji ya kai tsawo na 0.8-0.9 m, Forms kore kore ganye tare da mai haske shafi da kuma spines tare da gefuna. A gida, galibi ana amfani dashi azaman ornamental shuka, ba tare da samar da 'ya'yan itace mai cin abinci ba.

Champaka abarba galibi ana amfani dashi azaman ornamental shuka.

Shuka abarba ba shi da wahala, kawai shirya shi don dasawa daidai kuma bi ka'idojin kulawa mai sauƙi. Bi duk shawarwarin, kuma zaku sami shuka mai ban sha'awa wanda ba kawai zai zama abin ado don gidanku ba, har ma ya gamsar da amfanin gona.