Scab shine annobar al'adun tuffa. Yawancin nau'ikan bishiyoyin apple masu tsayayya da wannan cuta an sami su. Koyaya, koyaushe ba sa biyan bukatun mabukaci. Sau da yawa ya zama dole don girma tsoffin nau'ikan bishiyun apple waɗanda ke ƙaunar tsararraki da yawa. Kuma galibi suna da matukar saurin kamuwa da cutar scab. Zamu taimaka wa mai lambun magance wannan matsalar.
Scab a cikin ganyen itacen apple - halaye da dalilai
Scab cuta ce da aka sani da dadewa ta bishiyoyin apple. Tun kafin karni na 19, sun san game da ita, amma ba ta kawo matsaloli da yawa ba. A cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya, farkon ambatonsa ya koma 1819, lokacin da aka fara bayyana ɓarkewar ɓarke - naman gwari Venturia inaequalis - da aka fara bayanin. Wani wuri daga tsakiyar karni na karshe, cutar ta fara yaduwa tare da kawo lalacewa mai yawa a cikin gidajen lambun masana'antu tare da yawan girman bishiyoyin bishiyoyi waɗanda suke da iri ɗaya.
A causative wakili hibernates a kan ganye ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin mataki na pseudothecia (m fruiting jikin). Da farkon girma na harbe matasa, ganimar naman gwari ta watse. Lokaci mafi hatsari ga kamuwa da cuta shine kumburi da kumburi, kumburin da yakeyi, fure da lalacewar ganyayyaki. Sakamakon kasancewar ƙwayoyin mucous, ana haɗa filayen kwalliya zuwa ganyen ganyen itacen apple kuma, a gaban wadataccen danshi, tsiro a cikin matsanancin fata na ganye da ƙananan harbe. Mataki na gaba - conidial - yana faruwa a cikin sati biyu zuwa uku, lokacin da naman gwari da ya shude cikin conidia - maɗaurin motsi na haifuwar haila - yana sake ganimar ganyen kambi. Zazzabi na +18 ° C zuwa +20 ° C shine yafi dacewa a wannan aikin. Da kyau a wannan lokacin, bayyanar a kan ganyayyaki, ovaries, tukwici na matasa harbe na spots na haske zaitun launi, wanda launin ruwan kasa lokacin da suka girma launin ruwan kasa, crack.
Sakamakon shan kashi, ganyayyaki da ovaries sun faɗi, kuma naman gwari ya ci gaba da ci gaba akan su, kwanciya, an riga an san mu, pseudothecia, wanda zai yi hunturu a can har zuwa bazara mai zuwa. Ana rufe sake zagayowar. A lokacin rani, scab siffofin fashe fata, like da m, necrotic, launin ruwan kasa-kasa-kasa a kan 'ya'yan itãcen marmari. Apples sun zama maras kyau, ƙananan - ci gaban su ya tsaya.
Scab ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin yankuna masu yanayin damina - yankuna arewa maso yamma da yankin arewacin Caucasus. A wurare masu zafi da bushe, scab ba shi da yawa. Yin gwagwarmaya tare da scab yana buƙatar tsarin kulawa. Akwai da yawa general shawarwari, bin wanda zaku iya kare apple orchard daga wannan matsalar: Kuma banda wannan, a cikin wuraren da ke da haɗarin scab da aka ambata a sama, aiwatar da matakan rigakafin da suka wajaba akai-akai. Ofayan mafi yawan abin da scab ya buge shine Zinaren Zinare, don duk maki 5. Wato, gani a bayyane akan apples (musamman ganye). Ina da wata masifa - mildew powdery. Ba su shirye don shi ba - Br. Zinare, Bel. Dadi, Pam. Lipunov, Pam. Ulyanischev. Yana da kyau duka biyu a cikin scab da mildew powdery, watau, tsarin rigakafi gaba daya Imant (!!!), Williams Pride, Topaz. yri, yankin Bryansk //forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=7075&start=15 Tsarin rigakafin bazara ne da matakan tsabtace ruwa waɗanda suka fi muhimmanci a yaƙi da wannan naman gwari mai haɗari. Suna farawa dasu tun farkon fara tafiya mai gudana da kumburin kodan. A lokacin rani, galibi suna sa ido kan haɓakar shuka kuma, idan ya cancanta, ɗauki matakan gaggawa. Ana iya buƙatarsu idan an lura ganyayyaki da / ko 'ya'yan itaciyar da ta shafi scab. A wannan yanayin, ayyukan mai lambun sune kamar haka: Matakan rigakafin kaka sune mafi mahimmanci a cikin yaƙar scab da sauran cututtuka, da kwari. Don magance scab, kamar yadda ake amfani da sauran cututtukan fungal, ana amfani da fungicides. Lokacin aiki tare da su kuna buƙatar sanin wasu abubuwa: An yi imani cewa magani tare da ammonia ko potassium nitrate copes tare da scab ba mafi muni ba fiye da magani tare da fungicides. A wannan yanayin, itacen yana haɗuwa da nitrogen a lokaci guda. Don rigakafin, fesawa tare da bayani na 0.5-3% na nitrate ana amfani dashi a farkon bazara da (ko) ƙarshen kaka. Don lura da cutar, an ƙara maida hankali zuwa 10%. Takaitawa, Ina so in bayyana ra'ayina dangane da kwarewar mutum. Zan fayyace, Orchard na yana gabashin gabashin Ukraine. Mun samo shi shekaru biyu da suka gabata cikin mawuyacin hali. Ciki har da wasu apple da pears ba su da lafiya tare da scab. Abu na farko da muka fara da shi shine tsaftace gonar, yana ƙara ɓarnar da ƙaramar rawanin rawanin. Dole ne in yi shi a matakai, tunda akwai rassa da yawa marasa amfani. Ni mai tallafawa ne na rigakafin, ka yi kokarin ba magani. Sabili da haka, tarin da kuma ƙone ganye na ganye, digging a kusa da kututturen bishiyoyi, fararen bishiyoyi, kafa bel belins - Ban taɓa barin waɗannan abubuwan ba. Ina ƙoƙari kada ku ci zarafin jiyya. Tabbatar fesa rawanin bishiyar apple da pears tare da maganin 5% na sulfate baƙin ƙarfe a ƙarshen kaka. Na yi imani cewa wannan ba wai kawai yana ba da gudummawa ga rigakafin cututtukan fungal ba (ciki har da scab), amma yana kawar da raunin ƙarfe a cikin tsirrai. Kuma mahaifina ya koya mini tun daga ƙarami cewa ƙarfe don itacen apple shine ainihin asalin. A farkon bazara, tabbatar da amfani da sulfate tag da Nitrafen. Yanzu shine tsakiyar watan Afrilu - An shirya jiyya na Horus gobe - wannan shine maganin da na fi so na antifungal a wannan lokacin na shekara. Wani magani wanda na yi amfani da shi kullun a cikin kakar kuma ga dukkanin tsire-tsire shine Fitosporin-M. Wannan shiri ne mai inganci na halitta kuma bana amfani da wani ba tare da bukatar gaggawa ba. A lokuta na gaggawa, lokacin da kamuwa da cuta ta faru, Ina amfani da Strobi. Zan iya cewa cikin shekaru biyu na kawar da scab da sauran cututtuka a gonar. Na yi nasarar kawar da scab a kan pear (kamuwa da cuta yana da ƙarfi) a yayin magani na lokaci ɗaya tare da cakuda Bordeaux a farkon bazara kafin budding. Kuma kar ku manta da fellowan ƙasar ƙasar. Tabbas, abubuwa da yawa sun dogara da girman itacen apple, ko zaku iya yayyafa shi har zuwa saman kai. Dole ne in yi wannan daga matar aurena. Kuma kar ku manta game da matakan aminci, don kada ku yayyafa kanku - ƙyallen ita ce har yanzu. Bayan an gama sarrafa abubuwan ɓarke, babu wasu sama da shekaru shida ko bakwai. Vitat Moscow //www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=557552 Baya ga magungunan antifungal, bayyana rawanin da share bushes na kewayen bishiyar taimako domin samun karin rana da iska, a takaice, matakan tsabtace jiki :) erdel Saint Petersburg //www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=557552 Kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin yaƙi da scab, 'ya'yan itace rot da ƙananan girman affle yana ba da haske mai ƙarfi mai kambi tare da yankan manyan rassa zuwa kowane sakan na biyu. Lokacin da na sayi gonar, rassan sun bazu zuwa ƙasa, tsohon maigidan bai yi ɗanɗana shekara biyar ba. A apples kasance kananan tare da scab. Bayan kyakkyawan pruning (kuma nawa itacen katako don barbecue!), A shekara ta gaba da apples zama manyan kuma ba tare da scab. Ya kasance da wahala tare da itatuwan apple da aka dasa a tsakanin ginin. A cikin shekaru masu sanyi suna hunturu da kyau, amma 'ya'yan itace sun lalace sosai. Dole ne in sake jujjuya su da kuma a lokaci guda makwabta apple kan wata yarjejeniya (Ina da chainsaw). Akwai ƙarin iska da haske. Ina fatan kyakkyawan sakamako a wannan shekarar. Rulaman Kazan //www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=557552 Kowane bazara da kaka na aiwatar tare da vitriol babu ƙasa da 5%, a wuraren sarrafa scab ya ɓace. Kuma ba shakka, pruning, yana ba da kambi sosai a ƙarshen hunturu. Daya daga cikin ayyukan da na fi so. Ba zan iya kawar da scab gaba daya ba, ya kasance a saman inda ba zan iya samun sa ba, amma a gaba ɗaya ina son sakamakon. Apples sun zama mafi girma, ƙasa kaɗan. Eva3712 Moscow //www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=557552 Tabbas, scab cuta ce ta itacen apple. Amma, ta yin amfani da kwayoyi na zamani, kamar yadda ake yin matakan rigakafin da ake buƙata akai-akai da matakan kulawa, lambu zai iya shawo kan matsalar.Yadda zaka rabu da scab akan bishiyoyin apple
Matakan-mataki-mataki na bazara don magance scab
Matakan-mataki-mataki akan ayyukan bazara don magance scab
Matakan-mataki-mataki don ayyukan kaka don magance scab
Magungunan anti-scab mai mahimmanci
Tebur: apple scab fungicides
Shirye-shirye Abu mai aiki Sharuɗɗan amfani Tsawon lokacin sakamako warkewa (kwana) Sashi Yalwa da yawa na jiyya Bakin shirye-shiryen jan karfe Bakin jan karfe (sulfate na karfe) Bakin Sulfur Lokacin bazara, fadi 20 0.5-1% bayani 1 Cakuda Bordeaux Sulphate jan karfe, lemun tsami 20 1 Abi Peak Macin Kaya Lokacin kayan lambu 15 50 ml da lita 10 na ruwa 4 Oksihom Chloride na farin karfe + Oxadixyl 20 grams da lita 10 na ruwa 3 Magungunan gargajiya Mawaƙa Kirkira Green mazugi lokaci da kafin fure 7-10 3 grams da lita 10 na ruwa 2 Embrelia Isopyrazam + diphenoconazole Lokaci na fure da kafin girbi 7-10 N / a 3 Bada jimawa ba Diphenoconazole Lokaci na 'ya'yan itace 5-7 2 ml da lita 10 na ruwa 3 Juyawa Cyprodil + fludioxonil Lokacin kayan lambu 20 2 grams da lita 10 na ruwa 2 Halittun biofungicides Fitosporin-M Bacteriaasa da ƙwayoyin cuta Bacillus subtilis - iri 26D (hay bacillus) Lokacin kayan lambu 7-14 5 grams na ruwa ruwa da lita 10 na ruwa Wanda ba a iya amfani da shi ba Sauran kwayoyi Baƙin ƙarfe Baƙin ƙarfe Karshe faduwa 20 500 grams da lita 10 na ruwa 1 Hoton hoto: apple scab fungicides
Amfani da saltpeter don magance scab
'Yan lambu suna bita game da matsalar
Bidiyo: yadda ake magance scab a jikin bishiyar apple