Pear Noyabrskaya ne kusan daidaitaccen Turai tare da asalin Moldovan. Ya shahara a Poland, Holland, Belgium, Moldova, Ukraine. A cikin Rasha, wannan pear ya fara yadawa a cikin 2014.
Bayanin sa
Akwai pears biyu na nau'in Noyabrskaya, waɗanda "sunaye". Na farko ya sami karni na 50 na ƙarni na ƙarshe ta Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Kimiyya ta Far Bari kuma an haɗa shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha a cikin 1974 a Yankin gabashin Gabas. Wannan nau'in ya kasance sakamakon ƙetara dutse na Ussuri tare da lalacewar hunturu. Yana da wasu fa'idodi - hard hard hunturu a yankin, juriya ga scab, babba (64-174 kg / ha) da amfanin gona na shekara-shekara. Rashin girma a matakin shekaru 3-4. Dandanan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da daɗi da daɗi, da kyau. Tsaye da kuma ɗaukar hoto suna da girma. Yin haɓaka yana faruwa a watan Satumba, kuma an sami wadatuwar balaga a cikin Oktoba - Nuwamba. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari za a iya adana su har zuwa ƙarshen Disamba. Amma saboda wani gagarumin koma-baya - gabatarwar mediocre na kananan 'ya'yan itace (65 g) - iri-iri ba su sami karbuwa ba.
Siffar gabashi na pear na Nuwamba yana da ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa
Na biyu pear na Noyabrskaya iri-iri da aka samu a Moldova ta mai shayar Ksenia Dushutina. Ana yin wannan ta hanyar ƙetara da nau'ikan Triumph Vienne (manyan Frenchan Faransa da yawa) da Nikolai Krueger (tsoffin daskararren sanyi na Romaniya, manyan frua ,a, iri mai yawan aiki). Nuwamba ya shahara a cikin Ukraine, Rasha, Turai. A Poland, girma a kan masana'antu sikelin sama da shekaru 20. Babban lasisin don girmar shuka na wannan pear mallakar mallakar renon Holland ne Van Rhein de Bryn. A cikin Tarayyar Turai, an yiwa rajista ta Nuwamba a ƙarƙashin sunan marubucin - Xenia, a Bugu da kari, nau'in yana da sunayen mutane da yawa wadanda ba a san su ba - hunturu Nuwamba, ƙarshen Nuwamba, Novembra, Oksana, Nojabrskaja, Novemberbirne.
Lokacin da, a cikin 2014, a buƙataccen lambun Nikitsky Botanical (Crimea), an yanke shawarar ƙara nau'ikan da suka sami shahara ga Rajistar Jiha na Rasha, sun gano cewa irin wannan sunan ya riga ya wanzu. An samo hanyar da sauri - an bai wa iri iri da sunan Noyabrskaya Moldova kuma an sanya shi cikin yankin arewacin Caucasus.
Lambu suna sha'awar daidai na biyu na "suna".
Itacen yana da sikelin-matsakaici, kambi mai kunkuntar-pyramidal, na girman matsakaici. Kamar ƙwaƙwalwar masana'antu da yawa, suna shuka shi akan itacen daji da Quince. A lamari na farko, itaciyar tana da girma kuma mafi hunturu-Hardy. Yana fara fitar da 'ya'yan itace a cikin 5th-5th 5th bayan dasa. An lika shi a kan Quince, pear ɗin yana da ɗan girma, wanda zai baka damar girma dashi akan trellis. Kuma fruiting a wannan yanayin yana faruwa a baya - a shekara ta 3. A m yawan amfanin ƙasa na itaciya a kan Quince rootstock an biya diyya da mafi girma yawa na dasa. Tare da ingantaccen fasaha, yana da tabbaci yana kawo 'ya'yan itaciyar 40-50 t / ha a kowace shekara. Yana fure a watan Mayu. Don pollination, ana amfani da yawancin lokacin bazara na Williams. A Noyabrskaya iri-iri (Ksenia) yana da juriya mai sanyi a wuraren da aka bunkasa masana'antu, haka kuma rigakafi ga ƙoshin scab da ƙone ƙwayoyin cuta. Yana da ƙarfi fiye da nau'ikan taron, ana shafa shi ta hanyar ticks, amma ƙasa da saukin kamuwa da ita ta hanyar ganye-flare (amai pear).
Pear na Nuwamba yana da ɗan itace kaɗan tare da dala, yada kambi
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari elongated, manyan. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 300-400 g (200 g an nuna shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha, amma yawancin majiyoyi sun faɗi mafi nauyi), matsakaicin shine 600 g. Girbi yana faruwa a farkon Oktoba, kuma pears suna shirye don ci a farkon Nuwamba. Matsakaicin bukata shine Sabuwar Shekara. Fatar fata mai launin shuɗi mai haske ce, mai launin shuɗi ne mai launi tare da ƙananan ɗigo-ɗumi maras nauyi. 'Ya'yan itãcen da aka ɗora Kwatancen sun sami launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da ƙyallen fata. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne m, m, buttery, mai dadi. Tana da annashuwa mai ban sha'awa, mai daɗin ɗanɗano. Dandanawar dandanawa - maki 4,8. A cikin firiji, ana iya adanar pear har sai Afrilu ba tare da asarar kadarorin mabukata ba. Kafin amfani dashi, yakamata a adana shi a zazzabi a ɗati tsawon mako guda don bayyanar da ɗanɗano.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na Nuwamba sun kai adadin 300-400 g ko fiye
Bidiyo: Nufin Nuwamba pear
Dasa pear iri-iri Noyabrskaya
Sharuɗɗan dasa shuki Noyabrskaya pear dole ne su cika matsayin da ake buƙata don wannan amfanin gona:
- ƙaramin gangara na kudu ko kudu maso yamma, ana kiyaye shi daga iska mai sanyi daga arewa;
- rana, wurin da ba a daidaita shi ba;
- karancin tururuwar ruwa, faruwar lamarin ruwa;
- sako-sako da, ƙasa drained tare da acidity na p 5.0-6.5.
Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire makwabta a cikin dasa shuki shine 3 m, tsakanin layuka - 4 m. Zai yuwu a yi girma a trellises, a wannan yanayin, ana samun dasa densification har zuwa 2 m a jere kuma har zuwa 3 m tsakanin layuka.
A cikin yankuna masu ɗumi, zaku iya dasa pears biyu a cikin bazara da kaka. Yana da mahimmanci cewa a lokacin dasa shuki babu kwararar ruwan itace kuma thean itacen suna cikin yanayin bacci. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka, yana da kyau a rufe tsire-tsire tare da spanbond don hunturu na farko don guje wa lalacewa mai yiwuwa sanyi. A cikin lambunan masana'antu, yawanci ana shuka shuka masu shekaru biyu.
Idan aka samo tsire-tsire tare da tushen tushen rufaffiyar, to, shekarun zasu iya zama babba, kuma ana iya dasa su daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.
A lokacin da girma pears a kan trellis, ya kamata a shigar da goyon baya a gaba. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ƙarfe ko sandunan ƙarfe mai ƙarfi da aka sanya a nesa na 4-5 m daga juna. Tsayinsu sama da ƙasa ya kamata ya zama tsakanin 3-3.5 m Tsakanin ginshiƙai suna buɗe layuka da yawa na waya mai walƙiya tare da diamita na 4-5 mm tare da tazara tsakanin 40-50 cm.
Tsarin ƙasa
- Kimanin wata daya kafin fara saukowa, ya kamata a shirya ramin saukowa, zurfin da diamita wanda shine kusan cm 80 A lokacin dasa shuki, an tona rami a faɗo. Game da kasa mai nauyi, ya kamata a shirya magudanar ruwa ta hanyar sanya santimita 10 na santimita na dutse wanda aka murƙushe ko ginin da ya karye a ƙasa.
Don magudanar ruwa, ana saka wani yanki na ɓe ko tubalin da ya fashe a ƙarshen ramin.
- Wani rami ya cika sama tare da abun da ke daidai na humus, chernozem, peat da yashi tare da ƙari na 300-400 g na superphosphate da 3-4 l na itace ash.
- Tushen seedlings tare da tsarin buɗe tushen suna cikin ruwa a cikin sa'o'i da yawa kafin dasa. Zai yi kyau idan ka ƙara haɓaka haɓakawa zuwa ruwa, alal misali, Epin, Kornevin, Heteroauxin, da dai sauransu.
- A cikin rami suna samar da rami tare da tuddai a tsakiyar. Wani ƙaramin tsayi 1-1.3 m daga ƙasa ana tura shi a cikin 10-15 cm daga tsakiya. Idan ana amfani da trellis, to babu buƙatar fegi.
- An dasa seedling a cikin rami tare da tushen wuyansa a saman ƙwanƙolin. Suna barci da ƙasa, a hankali suna haɗa shi cikin yadudduka. A wannan lokacin, wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa, sakamakon dasawa, tushen wuyansa yana a matakin ƙasa.
Tushen wuya na seedling ya kamata ya kasance a matakin ƙasa
- Ieulla itace ga tsintsiya ko trellis tare da kayan roba. A wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa ba a canza mashin ɗin.
- Ana kafa da'irar gangar jikin itace ta amfani da pperan mashin ko mai yanke jirgin kuma ana shayar da ƙasa sosai. Bayan wannan, babu sinus ɗin da zai kasance a cikin tushen yankin.
- Bayan kwanaki 2-3, dole ne a sasa ƙasa kuma a yaɗa shi da hay, humus, ɗanɗano, da sauransu.
- Ya kamata a yanke babban injin na tsakiya zuwa tsayi na 60-80 cm, kuma ya kamata a rage rassan da kashi 50%.
Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa
Pear Noyabrskaya yana buƙatar ruwa na yau da kullum da yalwatacce, saboda ba ya haƙuri fari. Idan mai lambu ya bar ta zuwa rahamar ƙaddara, to, sakamakon zai zama ƙaramin, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu wuya. Kuma tare da rashi na abinci mai gina jiki, ovaries na iya crumble.
Watse
A lokacin rani, a matsayin mai mulkin, dole ne a shayar da ruwan noyabrskaya pear sau 5 zuwa 10. Tabbas, mita na ruwa ya dogara da yawan hazo da laimawar wurin. Shayar da ruwa mai zurfi kuma ba zai zama da fa'ida ba - ba lallai ba ne a kula da “fadama” a cikin da'irar kusa.
Don ƙayyade buƙatar yin ruwa, ana gudanar da gwaji mai sauƙi. Daga kusa-da'irar da'irar kana buƙatar ɗaukar ɗimbin ƙasa, matsi shi cikin dunƙule ka jefa shi daga tsayi 1 m Idan, a sakamakon haka, dunƙule ya murkushe, itacen ya kamata a shayar. Idan dunƙulen ya ci gaba da kasancewa, to akwai isasshen danshi a cikin ƙasa.
Bayan ban ruwa, dole ne a saki ƙasa don tabbatar da samun iskar oxygen zuwa yankin asalin. Zaka iya rage adadin ruwa da kuma noma ta amfani da mulching na Trunks. A cikin plantings na rukuni, musamman idan girma akan trellises, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tsarin magudanan ruwa na ruwa.
Don dasa shuki, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tsarin magudanan ruwa na ruwa
Manyan miya
Manyan kayan marmari masu yawa suna buƙatar adadin abubuwan gina jiki. A cikin shekaru 3-4 na farko, yayin da ba a fara amfani da fruiting ba, itacen yana da isasshen takin mai magani da aka sanya a cikin rami na dasa. A nan gaba, kuna buƙatar yin sama a kai a kai bisa ga wannan makirci:
- Sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3, a cikin bazara ko a lokacin bazara, ana amfani da takin gargajiya don digging. Zai iya zama humus, takin ko peat. Ana amfani dasu a cikin sikelin na 5-7 kg / m2.
- Kowace bazara, ya kamata a yi amfani da takin mai magani na ma'adinin nitrogen, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban matasa. Zai iya zama urea, nitonium nitrate, nitroammophosk. Hakanan an gabatar dasu don yin digging a 30-40 g / m2.
- A lokacin furanni, ana iya bi da kambi tare da maganin 2 g na boric acid a cikin 10 l na ruwa. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga karuwar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta.
A cikin Turai, ana amfani da gibberellins cikin nasara don irin waɗannan dalilai - kwayoyi waɗanda ke tayar da samuwar ƙwayoyin ovaries kuma suna ƙaruwa da yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa. Noyabrskaya pear iri-iri yana amsawa da kyau ga amfani da gibberellins.
- Bayan fure, kuna buƙatar ciyar da itacen sau 1-2 tare da takin potash, bayan shafe su cikin ruwa. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da monophosphate na potassium ko sulfate na potassium a cikin kudi na 10-20 g / m2.
- A lokacin rani, a lokacin 'ya'yan itace girma, takin gargajiya na takin gargajiya na taimakawa sosai. An shirya su ta hanyar samar da mullein a cikin ruwa (maida hankali 2:10), tsinkayen tsuntsu (1:10) ko ciyawa sabo (kilogiram 5 a kowace lita 10 na ruwa). Kafin amfani, mai da hankali jiko ne diluted da ruwa a cikin gwargwado na 1:10 da kuma shayar Trunks da'ira, jawabin da guga ta 1 m2.
- A cikin kaka, ya wajaba don ƙara superphosphate don tono a cikin adadin 30-40 g / m2.
- An ƙara ƙananan microelements a matsayin wani ɓangare na takin gargajiya mai rikitarwa, bin umarnin umarnin da aka haɗa.
Murmushi yayi
Idan ba tare da ingantaccen kambi na kafa ba, ba za a sami babban adadin mai ba. Tun da pear na Nuwamba yana da ƙarami kaɗan, kambi a siffar tasa yana da girma a gare shi. Irin wannan danyen girmar ma malamin gona ne.
Bow mai kamanni
Fa'idodin wannan nau'i sune: sauƙi na kulawa da girbi, ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan iska mai ƙarfi na ƙirar ciki da haske. Rashin daidaituwa ya haɗa da haɓakar girma na harbe, ɓoye kambi, wanda zai buƙaci girke-girken shekara-shekara. Ana aiwatar da ingantaccen pruning a farkon lokacin bazara kafin ruwan ya fara gudana a farkon shekaru 4-5 na rayuwar bishiyar.
Don Noyabrskaya pear, kambin kambi ya dace kamar kwano
Palmette kambi kafa
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar yayin girma pears akan trellis. Don fruiting, an zaɓi rassan kwarangwal 10 da ke cikin jirgin guda ɗaya. An ɗaure su zuwa wayoyi na trellis, kuma an bar rassan overgrowing fruiting don girma da yardar kaina. Don hana thickening, suna thinned fita don haka sauran harbe kasance daga juna a nesa na 15-20 cm.
Palmette dimbin yawa kambi manufa domin girma pears a kan trellis
Dukkanin furanni marasa amfani da gasa ana sare su da dabarar “zobe”.
An yanke harbe-zanen zuwa gindi tare da “zoben” dabara
Daidaita cropping
Wannan aikin yana gudana ne a farkon lokacin bazara don daidaita girma da kambi ta hanyar cire harbe da ke girma a ciki. Zai dace a kusanci wannan hanyar kuma a guji yawan bakin ciki, saboda wannan yana haifar da asarar yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Amfanin gona
Ana aiwatar dashi ne domin ya tabbatar da wadatar da ake samu. Ya ƙunshi abin da ake kira ƙaramar harbe, wanda ake aiwatarwa a farkon rabin bazara ta rage su da 5-10 cm. Wannan yana tsoratar da harbi da harbe tare da rassan 'ya'yan itace. Daga baya suka aza fure-fure. Kwanan nan, gardenersan lambu da ke da gogaggu suna amfani da hanyar sarrafawa zuwa ƙwanƙwasa alama don kula da amfanin gona. Ta wannan hanyar, masu amfani da giya sun yi amfani da nasara. Yana da ɗan rikitarwa fiye da tsarin al'ada, amma yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako.
Kwanan nan, gardenersan lambu da ke da gogaggu suna ta yin amfani da hanyar datse don sauya ƙulli don kula da amfanin gona
Tsabtace tsabtace
Yana da mahimmanci don riƙe kyakkyawan itace. Ku ciyar a ƙarshen kaka, cire bushe, ya karye, rassan marasa lafiya. Wani lokaci kuna buƙatar aiwatar da hanya a farkon bazara kuma.
Girbi da adanawa
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a zabi lokacin da ya dace don girbi. Tsawon lokacin ajiya mai zuwa da ingancin 'ya'yan itacen ya dogara da wannan. A cikin yanayin masana'antu na masana'antu, lokacin da aka ɗauki 'ya'yan itatuwa an ƙaddara ta yin amfani da hanyoyin dakin gwaje-gwaje - an ƙaddara yawan ɗambin yalwa, an auna yawan adadin abubuwan bushewa, kuma ana ɗaukar samfurin stein-sitaci. A bayyane yake cewa wannan ba mai gidan lambu bane. Sabili da haka, ya kamata ku dogara da kwarewarku, shawarar maƙwabta - ta hanyar gwaji da kuskure, zaku iya ƙayyade lokacin da ya dace don fara girbin. Yana da kyau don adana 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin ƙananan, akwatunan da aka kwantar a jere. Zai yi kyau idan an sanya akwatunan a cikin ginshiki tare da zafin jiki na iska a cikin kewayon 2-5 ° C.
Yana da kyau don adana 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin ƙananan, akwatunan da aka kwantar a jere
Cutar da kwari
Kada ku ƙyale ɗan itacen ya kamu da cututtuka, haka kuma cututtukan kwaro. Abu ne mai sauki mu iya magance irin waɗannan matsalolin maimakon magance su nan gaba.
Yin rigakafin
Eran lambu mai himma da gogewa koyaushe yana yin aikin rigakafi da tsabta:
- Kowace faɗuwa, an tsabtace lambun. Bayan ƙarshen ganye ya faɗi, ganye mai fadi, ciyawa, rassan da suka rage bayan tsabtace tsabtace ruwa suna cikin rake. An ƙone su, kuma ana amfani da ash don takin albarkatu iri-iri. A wannan yanayin, an lalata ɓarnatun fungi, kwari, ticks da sauran kwari da zasu iya hunturu a cikin wannan datti.
- Bincika haushi bishiyoyi. Idan an sami fashe da sauran lalacewa, wajibi ne don tsabtace irin waɗannan wurare zuwa katako mai lafiya, to sai a bi da tare da fungicides kuma a rufe tare da varnish lambu.
- Fusoshi da kuma rassan bishiyoyin sun yi fari. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da maganin ruwan lemun tsami, wanda aka haɗa 3% na sulusin sulpat da manne na PVA. Latterarshen zai hana tsabtace mafita ta hanyar ruwan sama. Wannan dabarar za ta guji kunar rana a lokacin hunturu.
Farin ciki yana hana kunar rana a jikin haushi
- Kafin farko na frosts, suka tono kasar gona a kusa-kara da'irori a kan bayonet na felu, juya kan yadudduka na duniya. Sakamakon haka, karin kwari da ke yin sanyi a ciki zai bayyana a farfajiya su mutu daga dusar ƙanƙara.
- Don haɓaka sakamako a lokaci guda, zaku iya bi da ƙasa da rawanin itace tare da maganin 3% na sulfate jan karfe ko cakuda Bordeaux. Wannan magani ya kamata a za'ayi a farkon spring.
- Bugu da kari, a farkon lokacin bazara, ana kula da rawanin bishi tare da ingantattun hanyoyin ganyayyaki. Magungunan da aka tabbatar da lafiya sune DNOC (waɗanda ake amfani dasu sau ɗaya a cikin kowace shekara 3) da Nitrafen (waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin shekarun da suka rage). Irin waɗannan jiyya sune matakan kariya ga kusan dukkanin cututtukan da aka sani da kwari.
- Effectiveaƙƙarfan gwargwado akan ƙaddamar da kwari daban-daban - tururuwa, murhun, waƙa - a saman kambi na itace shine shigarwa na belts na farauta akan bishiyoyi. Ana iya yin su daga kayan da aka gyara - kayan rufi, fim, burlap, da sauransu.
Za'a iya yin bel din daga kayan da aka gyara.
- Kafin fure mai fure, lokacin da kwari zasu fara tashi, ana kula da kambi tare da kwari kamar Decis da Fufanon. Bayan fure, za'ayi wasu jijiyoyi 2-3 a tsaka-tsakin kwanaki 7-10 tare da maganin kwari na kwayoyin halitta, alal misali, Spark Bio.
- Kuma kuma, bayan fure, sun fara maganin prophylactic tare da tsarin fungicides na tsari don hana cututtukan fungal. Ana yin su akai-akai tare da tazara tsakanin makonni 2-3. Irin waɗannan jiyya suna da mahimmanci musamman a cikin yanayin rigar da bayan ruwan sama. Nan da nan kafin girbin, ana amfani da kwayoyi tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin jira, kamar su Skor, Horus, Quadris.
Cutar mai yiwuwa
Ba duk cututtukan da pear Nuwamba ke da rigakafi ba. Ya kamata a san su.
Moniliosis (monilial kuna)
Cutar tana faruwa ne ta hanyar naman gwari, wacce ake gabatar da ita a lokacin fure ta ƙudan zuma da sauran kwari. Yana shafar furanni, ganye da kuma harbe na pears, wanda a sakamakon hakan ya ƙare kuma baƙi. Daga gefe, abin mamaki yana kama da ƙonewa. Idan an samo irin waɗannan alamun, ya kamata a yanke rassan da aka shafa nan da nan tare da wani ɓangaren itace mai lafiya kuma a ƙone, kuma itaciyar ta bi da fungicides. A lokacin rani, moniliosis yana shafar 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da narkar da launin toka.
A lokacin rani, moniliosis yana haifar da launin toka na 'ya'yan itacen
Tsatsa
Wannan cuta tana shafar pears, ba nesa ba kusa da akwai wuraren dasa bishiyoyi. Wannan shi ne saboda peculiarities na cin gaban pathogen naman gwari. Haka kuma cutar ta wuce daga juniper zuwa pear da kuma biyun. Rashin iska ana ɗauka ta hanyar iska a kan nesa mai nisa (har zuwa kilomita 50). Da farko, ƙananan aibobi na launin shuɗi-mai launin rawaya suna bayyana akan ganyen da abin ya shafa, wanda ke ƙaruwa kuma ya zama ja-mai-tsatsa ta tsakiyar bazara. A kan ganyen ganyayyaki, harsasai suka samar da nau'ikan warts, a ciki wanda akwai kwayayen naman gwari. Yin rigakafin jiyya tare da fungicides yana hana matsalar.
Outgrowths form a kan tushen da ganye shafi tsatsa
Soot naman gwari
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, kamuwa da cuta tare da wannan naman gwari ana gab da shan kashi na pear ta aphids. Ruwan zaki da aka tono a lokacin rayuwar aphids shine wurin kiwo don naman naman da ya mutu. Fitsarin ƙwallafa yana fitowa a cikin ganyayyaki a cikin nau'i mai laushi mai kama da kullun. Baya ga ganye, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari waɗanda ba su dace da abinci ba kuma za a iya shafar su.
Murmushi na naman alade mai bayyana ya bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki a cikin nau'i na baƙar fata mai laushi mai kama.
Wataƙila Alkawari
Akwai wasu kwari waɗanda basu damu da cin 'ya'yan itatuwa da ganyen pear ba.
Aphids
Insectsan ƙananan kwari masu tsotsa suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace pear. Sun shiga cikin kambi tare da taimakon tururuwa waɗanda suke son cin abinci mai narkewa irin na aphid. Kuna iya gano kwaro lokacin bincika bishiya. Idan an lura ganye ganye a cikin bututu, aphid mai yiwuwa ne a ciki. Irin wannan ganye ya kamata a tsage kuma a bi da shi tare da kwari. Bugu da kari, akwai wasu shahararrun hanyoyin magance wannan kwaro.
Idan an lura ganye a cikin bututu a kan pear ko itacen apple, to aphid ɗin yana yiwuwa a ciki
Pear asu
Smallan ƙaramin malam buɗe ido mai ɗanɗano ya tashi a cikin bazara kuma ya sanya ƙwai a cikin ƙasa na kayan itacen. Macizai suka fashe daga ƙwai suka hau kan gangar jikin zuwa kambi na itacen, suka shiga 'ya'yan itaciyar, suna zubuna a ciki. Arsataccen pears ya rasa kasuwancin, ba za'a adana shi ba, zai iya jujjuya wata bishiya. Yin gwagwarmaya yana da tasiri a matakin malam buɗe ido. Za'a iya dakatar da ciwoyi ta amfani da beltsin farauta da kuma kashe kwari. Idan sun kutsa cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa, babu ma'ana a cikin fada.
Kwakwalwar caterpillar ta fito a cikin 'ya'yan itace
Pear irin ƙwaro
Smallan ƙaramin ƙwaro lean itacen da ke bushe cikin ƙasa na kayan itace. A farkon bazara ya tashi zuwa farfajiya, yana rarrafe zuwa kambi kuma ya ci fure na fure, bayan wannan zai iya cin furanni, ovaries, tukwicin matasa, ganyen matasa. A watan Mayun, yana sanya qwai a cikin ƙasa, daga abin da larvae ya bayyana - abin da ake kira khrushchites.
Furannin fure-fure ya shafa ya bushe
Suna yaki da kwaro ta hanyar magance shi da maganin kwari. Kuma a cikin yanayin sanyi zaka iya girgiza ƙwari daga rassan bishiyoyin da aka shimfiɗa riga kafin bishiya. A cikin wannan yanayin, ƙwayoyin fure na fure suna a yawan zafin jiki na sama da 5 ° C. Suna yaƙar gogewa ta hanyar noma ƙasa tare da Diazinon. Wannan yana da tasiri a farkon watan Yuni. Magungunan suna yin makonni 3, bayan hakan ya lalata. Ba ya tarawa a cikin ƙasa da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Sake Gani
Pear Nuwamba nauyi 416 g karamin 270 - 280g kowane. Cire zai fi dacewa ba a cire shi ba. Lokacin da suke kwance, sun sami ɗanɗano mai kyau, suna tuna wani guna. Hardarfin hunturu yana da kyau, haushi yana da tsabta, ba tare da rami mai sanyi ba. Digewa baƙi a kan pear - buga ƙanƙara.
Sansad, Minsk
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=6887&start=1410
Noyabrskaya ba shi da fa'ida ga thaws, yana da juriya mai sanyi tare da matattakalar bishiyoyi, bishiyoyi masu bada fruita arean itace suna shafa musamman.
Beca
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=6887&start=1410
Fruiting a watan Nuwamba a cikin yanayin Donbass (Yasinovataya). Alurar riga kafi akan Quince S1. Tun 2010 babu daskarewa, yana nuna kyakkyawan sakamako game da ban ruwa na ruwa, a wannan yanayin, akan Quince yana buƙatar tallafi mai kyau. Da gaske, Maxim Kuchinsky.
max-kuch, Ukraine
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9409
Ina so in faɗi musamman game da nau'ikan pear na Nuwamba, wanda shahararsa da mamayewa a Ukraine ya fito ne daga Bukovina. Nuwamba, ko Nuwamba Moldova, mai shayarwa Ksenia Dushutina ta buge ta sakamakon cinikin Mabiyanta Vienne da Nikolai Kruger. Itace mai matsakaici-sized tare da yada kambi na pyramidal, tauraron hunturu ya yi yawa, iri-iri na da tsayayya ga cututtukan fungal, musamman ƙonewa da ƙonewar ƙwayoyin cuta. 'Ya'yan itãcen suna da girma - 180-350 g (wasu suna da nauyin 700-800 g), bayan sun huɗa - rawaya, tare da ɗanɗano a gefen rana. Pulunƙwasa yana da yaji, mai mai, mai daɗi da ƙwaya, mai daɗi, tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi, ɗanɗano kusan ƙa'idar - maki 4,8. Ba tare da ƙari ba, ana iya yin jayayya cewa duka a cikin Ukraine da a Turai babu pear mai ɗanɗano.
Oleg_M
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9409
Tunanina: Noyabrskaya yana da 'ya'ya, kyakkyawa, manya-manyan' ya'yan itace, amma ɗanɗano bashi da ɗanɗano, nama bai da taushi kuma ba ya narkewa, ana ci gaba da itace har sanyi, watakila akwai nuances, ko ba sauyin yanayi bane?
alex31, Belgorod yankin
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9409
A ƙarshen faɗuwa na sayi Noyabrskaya a Vygonichi kusa da Bryansk. Ra'ayin, ba shakka, ba ɗaya bane kamar yadda yake a cikin hotunan, amma dandano shine al'ada. Wannan yana nuna, sama da duka, babban karbuwa na iri-iri, wanda ya bambanta ingancin kiwo Dushutina. A cikin wurare masu dacewa tare da kariya daga iska, iri iri Sokrovische, Noyabrskaya suna girma har ma a yankin Bryansk. Daga cikin gazawa - su amsa da sauri lokacin bazara saboda haka fure-fure suke daskare. Kuma na biyu - har yanzu suna buƙatar ƙarin zafi don samun ɗanɗano. Amma na maimaita a kan mafi girma, wuraren rana tare da kariya daga iska, suna ba da dandano mai kyau ga pears ɗin mu.
yri, yankin Bryansk
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9409&page=2
Nuwamba kusa da Kiev a cikin 2016. Ku ɗanɗani wannan shekarar ta fi ta bara (ɗan fari). Lokacin da ta kwanta, ta fara yin taushi. Danshi yafi kyau. Na yi la'akari da ire-ire a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun yankin mu.
pripythanin-1986
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9409&page=4
Ba a shakkar da ab pearbuwan amfanar pear pear na Nuwamba. Babban ɗanɗano, kyakkyawan rayuwar rayuwa da jigilar kayayyaki suna sa shi kyakkyawa don ɗaukar sarƙoƙi. Kyakkyawan juriya sanyi, rigakafi ga wasu cututtuka, yawan aiki - waɗannan halayen suna jawo hankalin masana masana'antu da manoma. Iri-iri kuma masu ban sha'awa ne ga aikin lambu na gida.
