Shuke-shuke

Duk asirin ji cherries: zaɓi iri-iri, dasa, kulawa da fasalin kiwo

Cherwararrun cherries ana ɗaukar su a matsayin 'ya'yan itace da tsire-tsire na ornamental a China da Rasha ta Gabas maimakon insteadanyen da ba su da tushe a can. Wannan in mun gwada da ciyayi mai kyau sosai a lokacin furanni, kuma yana bayar da wadataccen kayan marmari masu dadi da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu tsami, yayi kama da na cherries na yau da kullun. A cikin karni na karshe, ƙaddamar da taro na jijin cherries ya fara a cikin yankuna na tsakiya na ɓangaren Turai na Rasha, ya haifar da wasu dalilai da yawa, ciki har da mutuwar tsohuwar ceri orchards daga mummunan cutar fungal - coccomycosis, wanda ya ji cherries sun kasance cikakke mai tsayayya.

Soyayyen ceri - abinci mai mahimmanci da al'adun ado

A cikin daji, ana ganin ceri ana samunsa a cikin yankuna tsaunukan tsaunuka na Tsakiyar Asiya. An fara gabatar da shi ga al'adu a Yammacin China da dama karnoni da yawa da suka wuce, daga inda sannu a hankali ya bazu zuwa dukkan yankuna makwabta, gami da cikin lambuna na gabashin gabashin Rasha. A cikin gidajen Aljannar Turai na Rasha sun fara bayyana a farkon rabin karni na ƙarshe a matsayin kayan ado na fure da plantan itace

Wasu lokuta ana jin ƙwallan cherry ana kuma kiransa cherries, ko Ando.

Sosai ceri akan bidiyo

Sosai ceri - deciduous shrub game da mita biyu high. Ana iya rarrabe shi da sauran 'ya'yan itace dutse masu ma'ana ta hanyar fa'idar, wrinkled, dan kadan pubescent ganye, wanda ya sami sunan shi. Wani lokacin pubescence ne m akan 'ya'yan itãcen wannan shuka. Sosai cherries yayi kyau da bambanci daga Turai cherries (talakawa da steppe) da cikakken rashi na tushen harbe.

M ceri samu sunan ta saboda da ji pubescence na manyan wrinkled ganye

Eltwanƙwasa ryanyen ceri da wuri sosai, a cikin Primorye - a farkon rabin Mayu, a cikin yankin Turai na Rasha - kusan mako guda da suka wuce ceri na al'ada. Flow yana faruwa lokaci guda tare da farkon farkon ganye. A lokacin furanni, dawowar frosts suna da haɗari sosai, wanda zai iya lalata amfanin gona gaba ɗaya. Furanni masu furen fari ne ko launin ruwan hoda, launin toka yana riƙe rassan. A lokacin furanni, bushes suna da kyau sosai, don haka an ji cherries sau da yawa a matsayin shuka ornamental.

Cherwanƙwasa ceri yana da kyau sosai a lokacin fure.

Furanni ana kamasu da furanni ta ƙudan zuma, bumblebees da sauran kwari. Duk nau'ikan da ke kasancewa suna buƙatar tsabtacewa, sabili da haka, don samun amfanin gona, aƙalla akalla tsire-tsire 2-3 na nau'ikan daban-daban dole ne a dasa su a shafin. A wasu albarkatu na gona, an ji ceri ba a sharaɗa shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin filin ƙasa ba (kodayake akwai samfuran halitta da kead da yashi da wasu nau'ikan ƙwayar cuta irin na Ussuri-Sin da Kanada).

Irin nau'in cherry da ke da karancin rai da babu!

Theyayen 'ya'yan itacen ckin da aka ji da kansu a cikin Primorye yana farawa ne a tsakiyar watan Yuli, a cikin ɓangaren Turai na Rasha - kusan mako guda da fara cherries na yau da kullun. A berries ne ja, taso keya, a takaice stalks, tare da mai kyau girbi, da yawa zaune a kan rassan. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin yawancin iri za'a iya ajiyewa akan bushes na dogon lokaci ba tare da fashewa ba. Bambanci a cikin hatsi tsakanin farkon da na sabon nau'in cherries da aka ji kamar kusan wata guda. Dasa iri daban-daban na kwanakin girke-girke na ba ku damar fadada tarin amfani da amfanin wannan sabon amfanin gona.

'Ya'yan itãcen da aka girbe ba su da ɗan jigila kuma ba a adana su na dogon lokaci, suna buƙatar amfani nan da nan ko aiki. 'Ya'yan itãcen suna da matukar taushi, mai laushi, mai daɗi da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, ɗan ƙaramin abin tunawa ne da ceri ɗaya. Suna yin abinci mai gwangwani, abubuwan sarrafawa, adanawa, ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Kuna iya adana su daban ko a cakuda wasu 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries.

Berriesanyan ceri mai ɗorewa masu kyau suna da kyau sabo ne kuma suna da kyau ga canning gida.

Matsakaicin matsakaiciyar yawan tsirrai matasa shine kimanin kilogram biyu na 'ya'yan itace daga kowane daji, canjin ɗan adam a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau - har zuwa kilo 10 daga wani daji.

Sosai ceri sosai da wuri. Ko da seedlings samu ta hanyar shuka da tsaba na daji shuke-shuke Bloom da ba da 'ya'yan itace riga a cikin na uku ko hudu shekara, da kuma kafe cuttings na horar da iri da grafted tsire-tsire wani lokacin ma a baya, riga a shekara ta biyu.

Abin baƙin ciki, ji ceri bushes ba su rayu tsawon, musamman a cikin sabon yanayi yanayin damina. Mafi sau da yawa, riga yana da shekara takwas, manyan rasuttukan ƙasusuwa gaba ɗaya bushe a cikin tsire-tsire, kuma bayan shekara guda ko bushes biyu mutu gaba ɗaya. Ko da a cikin mafi yawan yanayi m, ji ceri bushes da wuya rayuwa fiye da shekaru 15.

Lokaci na sake sake girkewa yana ba ku damar dan ƙara tsawon rayuwar tsirrai, amma ba tsawon lokaci ba. Saboda haka, lokacin da girma ji cherries, ya kamata ka kula da kullum girma sabon matasa shuke-shuke maye gurbin tsufa hanzari plantings.

Siffofin girma ji cherries a yankuna daban-daban

A cikin Primorye na Rasha da kuma a cikin yankuna na kusa, jin ceri shine mahimmancin kayan marmari wanda kusan ya maye gurbin ceri na yau da kullun a can, wanda ba ya tsayayya da yanayin mawuyacin yanayi na Gabashin Faris. Kusan dukkanin nau'ikan cherish na jijiyar an ƙirƙira su daidai a Gabas ta Tsakiya, inda aka yi girma na dogon lokaci da kuma adadi mai yawa. Kuma duk bayanai game da rikodin hardiness hunturu da unpretentiousness na ji cherries tana wakiltar musamman ga yanayin musamman na Far East sauyin yanayi tare da zurfin dusar ƙanƙara snow kwance kwance a kan riga daskararre ƙasa, har ma da sanyi ba tare da thaws.

Abinda yafi dacewa mai amfani kuma mai daɗin ji daɗin ceri a cikin yankin na kayan aikinta na gargajiya - a Gabas ta Tsakiya

Yankin sanyi na sanyi da aka ji daɗin itacen cakulan zuwa -40 ° C an bayyana shi ne kawai a Gabashin Gabas, dukda cewa ko da can, an riga an lalace fure-fure a -30 ... -35 ° C. A wasu yankuna, an rage zafin saurin sanyi.

Cherwanƙwasa ceri sosai tana ƙaruwa sosai ko normallyasa da yawa a wasu yankuna Kazakhstan da Kudancin Siberiya, inda yanayin yanayin hunturu ke kusanci zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya (hunturu ba tare da yanayin sanyi ba, dusar ƙanƙara mai zurfi akan ƙasa mai sanyi).

A mafi yawan yankuna na Urals, ji cherries winters mara kyau da kuma a kai a kai freezes, kuma a lokacin mai tsananin winters shi freezes gaba daya, lura na baya a cikin sanyi jure wa steppe cherries mafi saba da yanayin gida.

Zuwa yamma na Urals (ɓangaren Turai na Rasha, Belarus, arewacin Ukraine) ƙwanƙwasawar ji cherries ya zama matsala, kuma nasarar sa ya dogara da ƙasa da fasalin yanayin yanayin wurin. A kudancin wannan yankin, yanayin sanyi na hunturu mara tsayawa, canjin yanayin hunturu da dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi babbar matsala ce. A irin waɗannan yanayin, daskarewa na fure fure har ma daskarewa da rassa baki ɗaya yakan faru ne a -25 ... -30 ° С. A mafi yankuna na arewa, dumama na hunturu na kusa da tushen abin wuya ya zama mai muni, wanda yakan faru ko dai lokacin thaws hunturu, ko a lokuta idan dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi akan ƙasa narke, ko lokacin da ƙasa ta ɓoye lokacin lokacin farin ciki mai dusar ƙanƙara a lokacin sanyi. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa duk wani yunƙurin jin danshi da yaji lokacin hunturu a wannan yankin yana haifar da mutuwar tsirrai. Wasu lambu mai son a tsakiyar Rasha har ma da matse shege dusar ƙanƙara daga jiren bushes a farkon hunturu don ba da damar kasar ta daskare da kare bushes daga tsufa.

Musamman mawuyacin yanayi don tsananin son cingir an kafa shi a Yankin Leningrad da kuma yankuna kusa da Arewa maso Yamma: gwanayen da ba su da tabbas suna nan tare da barazanar daskarewa na shuka, kuma lokacin damina mai ruwa a kai a kai yana haifar da barkewar cututtuka iri-iri. A cikin Yankin Moscow da yankuna na kusa da tsakiyar Rasha, yanayin ya riga ya fi kyau, kuma ga yawancin lambu mai son a cikin yankunan da ya dace da shi, yana jin ceri yana da kyau sosai, amma yana ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma yana buƙatar sabuntawar tsire-tsire akai.

Iri daban-daban da kuma ckin jin ceri

Dukansu a zamanin Soviet da a cikin Rasha ta zamani, ana yin babban aikin kiwo tare da jin ƙarancin cherries a cikin cibiyoyin kimiyya na yankin Gabashin Farya. Dukkanin nau'ikan da ake yankawa a halin yanzu na asalin Far gabas ko asalin Siberiya. Duka iri-iri na gwajin Michurin da suka wanzu sun rayu har yau.

'Ya'yan itãcen cherries da aka ji sau da yawa suna da launi mai launin ja, kuma a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar talakawa, nau'in launuka masu duhu suna da daraja sosai ga masu amfani. Don samun nau'ikan launuka mai kyan gani na berries, an gudanar da wani aiki mai rikitarwa don ƙetare jin cherries tare da nau'in jinsin Arewacin Amurka - ceri yashi, wanda ke da kyawawan 'ya'yan itace masu launin duhu. Yawancin waɗannan hadadden hadaddun sunyi nasarar nasara, kuma ana horar dasu har zuwa yau, ana rarraba su a matsayin nau'in cherries ɗin da aka ji.

Hybrids na ji da yashi cherries (tebur)

Take'Ya'yan itace canza launiGirman 'Ya'yan itace (a cikin grams)Lokacin yin girkiMai FarkoLura
DamankaMaroon3,0-3,5LateDa nisaShahararren sanannen sanannen sanannen tsakiyar tsakiyar karni na ƙarshe. Na kasance cikin Rijista na Jiha. A yanzu, Rashin rajista na Jihohi ya ɓace, ba a san dalilan ficewar ba. Har yanzu yana girma a cikin lambuna mai son da kuma gandun daji masu zaman kansu.
Lokacin raniHaske ja3,0-3,5LateDa nisaAkwai rajista na jihar. Shahararren sanannen sanannen sanannen tsakiyar tsakiyar karni na ƙarshe
AliceMaroon3,3-3,6MatsakaiciYankin Tashar gabas ta VNIIRAkwai rajista na jihar. Popular shahararrun nau'ikan karshen karni na karshe
Autumn VirovskayaJa duhu3,3MatsakaiciYankin Tashar gabas ta VNIIRAkwai rajista na jihar. Mashahuri iri-iri na ƙarshen karni na ƙarshe
NatalieJa duhu4,0Mid da wuriYankin Tashar gabas ta VNIIRAkwai rajista na jihar. Popular shahararrun nau'ikan karshen karni na karshe
Itace mai ruwan hodaRuwan hoda3,0MatsakaiciDa nisaA halin yanzu, Rashin rajista na Jihohi ya ɓace saboda dalilai da ba a sani ba. Akwai a cikin kundin adireshin VNIISPK. An canza shi zuwa gwajin jihar a 1991
TsarevnaRuwan hoda mai zafi3,6-4,0MatsakaiciYankin Tashar gabas ta VNIIRAkwai rajista na jihar. Popular shahararrun nau'ikan karshen karni na karshe
KyawawaDark mai ruwan hoda3,0-3,5LateYankin Tashar gabas ta VNIIRAkwai rajista na jihar. Mashahuri iri-iri na ƙarshen karni na ƙarshe

Iri-iri iri-iri da ruwan 'yar gwal

Wasu irin ji cherries (tebur)

Take'Ya'yan itace canza launiGirman 'Ya'yan itace (a cikin grams)Lokacin yin girkiMai FarkoLura
TwinkleJa2,5-4,0Tsakar-gariDa nisaA halin yanzu, Rashin rajista na Jihohi ya ɓace saboda dalilai da ba a sani ba. Shahararren nau'ikan tsakiyar tsakiyar karni na karshe, wanda ya kasance a cikin Rijista ta Jiha. Yana cikin kundin adireshin VNIISPK
AmurkaJa2,7-4,0MatsakaiciDa nisaAkwai a cikin kundin adireshin VNIISPK. Na kasance a cikin Rajista na Jiha, wanda yanzu na bace saboda dalilai da ba a san su ba
DarlingDark mai ruwan hoda3,3MatsakaiciYankin Tashar gabas ta VNIIRNew iri-iri, yanzu a cikin Jihar Register tun 2009
Abin ciJa3,0Da wuriYankin Tashar gabas ta VNIIRA yanzu, a cikin Rijistar Jihohi ba a rasa saboda dalilai da ba a san su ba.
Al'adarScarlet ja3,0-3,5MatsakaiciAgrofirm "Gavrish"A cikin Rajistar Jiha bata nan. A gefe na kamfanin gona "Gavrish" tsaba na wannan iri-iri ana miƙa su sayarwa
MaroonAloe maroon3,6MatsakaiciBa a sani baBabu shi a cikin Rajistar Jiha, kuma babu shi a cikin kundin adireshin VNIISPK, ba a ambace shi ko'ina cikin littattafan musamman ba. A yanar gizo ana samunsa ne kawai a kan shafukan yanar gizo masu ban tsoro na wuraren kiwon lafiya masu zaman kansu da kuma shagunan kan layi

Amincewa da ji ceri tare da sauran 'ya'yan itãcen dutse

Tare da nau'in cherries na Turai (na yau da kullun, ƙwallo da mai dadi), jin cherries suna da alaƙa kawai na waje a cikin nau'in 'ya'yan itace da dandano. Asali, suna da nesa da junan su, ba su yin larura a kowane yanayi kuma ba su dace da maganin alurar riga kafi ba.

Babban dangi mafi kusa ga cherries shine ceri na yashi ta Arewacin Amurka (Bessey). Suna da kyau a gracing juna. Haka kuma akwai wasu nau'ikan gargajiya da yawa da aka samo ta hanyar tsallake-tsallake da al'adun gargajiya biyun. Hakanan ana ƙirƙirar cherries - hadaddun san itace da aka samo ta hanyar tsallake sira da ƙirar sandar tare da nau'ikan filayen diflomasiyya na Sino-American. Hakanan suna dacewa lokacin da aka yi musu rigakafin tare da jin cherries.

Aboki mafi kusanci da cherries shine cheranyen sand na Arewacin Amurka (Bessey)

Cherwanƙwasa ceri shima ya dace da juna lokacin da ake yin rigakafin da nau'in plum na theungiyar Ussuri-China da nau'ikan ceri plum. Tare da nau'in plum na Turai na gida, baƙar fata da ƙayayuwa ƙawance, alurar rigakafi ba ta da kyau, kuma musayar allurar rigakafin ba zai yiwu ba.

Wasu lambu mai son yin kokarin amfani da seedlings na ji ceri a matsayin ba forming tushen shoot na dwarf stock na apricot da peach. Yawan rayuwar irin wadannan rigakafin yayi kadan, kodayake zai yiwu. Mai yawa ya dogara da takamaiman iri da yanayi.

Ciki Cherry Inoculation

Mafi rootstocks na cheretet cherries ne matasa seedlings na ji da yashi cherries. Mafi dacewa don fara lambu shine rigakafin ido na bazara (budding), wanda aka za'ayi a farkon rabin bazara.

Okulirovka - hanya mafi araha don maganin rigakafi don jin masu farawa

Hanyar yin rigakafin kamar haka:

  1. Zaɓi lafiya, ingantaccen tushe, seedling girma a cikin kyakkyawan wuri - jari na gaba.
  2. A cikin kudu na kambi na varietal daji (scion), zabi wani lafiya, da-bunƙasa matasa shoot na yanzu shekara. Yanke shi da wuka mai kaifi kuma sanya cikin guga na ruwa.
  3. Gabatarwa tare da sare shoot zuwa shuka-rootstock. Bincika kaifin kayan aiki da shirye-shiryen rigakafin (ya dace a yi amfani da matattara na roba mai raɗaɗi a kan shuka tare da gefen m).
  4. Daga harbi daga cikin scion, yanke garkuwa - koda tare da wani ɓangare na itace. Yanke ganye daga wannan koda, barin kawai petiole.
  5. A tushe rootstock yi T-dimbin yawa incision na haushi.
  6. Dole ne a saka garkuwar scion da tabbaci a cikin abin da ya haifar da haushi a kan hannun kuma a nannade shi da maɗaurin na roba, ba tare da rufe koda da kanta ba.
  7. An bada shawara akai-akai don sa jakar filastik mai kariya a saman don rage rashin ruwa.
  8. Idan an yi komai daidai, a ƙarshen bazara - farkon kaka, ido mai ƙyalli zai ɗauki tushe.
  9. A mafi yawan lokuta ana cire rigar ne a bazarar da ke biye kafin buduwa.

Farfagandar da ji cherries

Don yaduwar cherries da aka ji, ana amfani da iri da kuma hanyoyin ciyayi. Shuka tsaba yana da sauki sosai a zahiri kuma yana baka damar samun karbuwa sosai ga tsirrai na gida. Abubuwa masu bambancin juna yayin yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta ana kiyaye su ne kawai, sabili da haka, don adana nau'ikan nau'ikan su, wanda yakamata ya yi allurar rigakafin cuta ko yayan itace.

Farfagandar da ji ceri tare da kore cuttings

Cikakken cherries an danganta su da kyau a kore kore a tsakiyar bazara.

Green ji ceri cuttings dauki tushen kyawawan da kyau

Hanyar kamar haka:

  1. Daga ƙwararrun matasa masu tasowa na shekara ta yanzu, yanke itace tare da tsawon kimanin santimita 10.
  2. Cire ƙananan ganye daga yankan.
  3. Bi da ƙananan ɓangarorin yankan tare da tushen ƙarfafa (heteroauxin ko wani abu mai kama) bisa ga umarnin magungunan.
  4. Sanya sandunan tare da ƙananan sashi a cikin pre-tattalin moistened yashi-peat substrate. Zai iya zama tushe a cikin tukwane ko kan gado musamman da aka shirya a cikin inuwa m.
  5. Rufe tare da kayan da ba a saka ba ko saka gwangwani don kare kai daga zafin rana da adana danshi.
  6. A ko'ina cikin tsawon tushen, kiyaye ƙasa a cikin cuticle kullum m.

Yaduwa da ceri tsaba

A cikin yanayi mai kyau, jin ceri sauƙin ba da yalwar seeding. Kafa matasa plantlets a cikin bazara na gaba za a iya dasa shi zuwa wuri mafi dacewa a gare su. Hakanan zaka iya shuka iri a cikin 'ya'yan itacen, ya fi kyau nan da nan zuwa wuri na dindindin, don guje wa lalacewar tushen sa yayin dasawa da kuma hanzarta yin fruiting.

Cherwanƙwasa ceri mafi sauƙi shine girma ta shuka tsaba kai tsaye zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa

Hanyar kamar haka:

  1. Daga cikakken 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau, fitar da tsaba, kurkura, bar su bushe dan kadan da kuma adana a cikin dan kadan damp har sai kaka.
  2. A watan Oktoba, shuka iri iri kai tsaye zuwa wuri na dindindin zuwa zurfin santimita 3-4, tsaba 4-5 a gida tare da isasshen nesa tsakanin su don thinning na gaba. Babu buƙatar rufewa.
  3. A cikin bazara, seedlings za su bayyana, wanda a lokacin rani sun bar shuka mafi kyau 1 a cikin gida, an yanke sauran a ƙarƙashin tushen.

Cikakken ceri yana canja wurin dasawa kawai a cikin ɗan saurayi, bai wuce shekaru 3-4 ba. A bu mai kyau zuwa dasawa a farkon bazara kafin budding, digging up shuke-shuke tare da babban dunƙule na duniya-wuri. Tsoffin tsirrai kan mutu yayin dasawa.

Zabi wani wuri da kuma dasa ji ceri

Soyayyen ceri sosai mai hoto sosai kuma baya bada 'ya'ya ga shading. Wannan al'ada tana da fari-mai tsayayya, tayi girma sosai a gangara, a kan yashi mai yashi da sandar loamy kasa na tsaka tsaki. Ta gaba daya ba ta yarda da raunin ƙasa mai laushi, da keɓaɓɓen ruwan ƙasa, ƙasa mai nauyi da yumɓu mai nauyi. Idan ya cancanta, za'ayi amfani da shafin a gaba, akalla shekara guda kafin dasa shuki.

Lokacin zabar wani wuri, yakamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa cherry ɗin da yake jin yana da tsarin tushen na sama, saboda haka a ƙarƙashinsa kuma kusa da shi ba shi yiwuwa a tono mai zurfi, kawai ana kwance ƙasa zuwa zurfin da bai wuce 10 santimita ba. Sosai ceri baya bada tushen harbe, clogging gonar. Bai kamata a dasa shi kusa da sauran 'ya'yan itaciyar dutse ba (cherries, plums), waɗanda ke da cututtukan gama gari tare da shi.

Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka shine farkon bazara, kafin a buɗe ayoyin. A cikin mafi kyawun yanayin, dasa shuki a watan Satumba ya halatta, amma a cikin hunturu mai sanyi irin wannan tsire-tsire sukan mutu sau da yawa.

Lokacin zabar wani wuri, dole ne mutum yayi la'akari da jin cewa ceri na buƙatar buƙatun giciye, wanda ke buƙatar kasancewar akalla nau'ikan 2-3 daban-daban a nan kusa. Nisa tsakanin bushes lokacin dasa shine a kalla 2 mita.

Lokacin dasa shuki ji cherries, tushen wuya na seedling ba za a iya zurfafa

Hanyar don saukowa:

  1. Tona rami tare da diamita da zurfin kusan rabin mita.
  2. Haɗa ƙasa daga rami tare da guga na humus, kilogiram na 1 na itace da 0.5 kilogiram na superphosphate.
  3. Driveauki kan gungumen azaba a tsakiyar ramin don ba da ɗanyen seedling.
  4. A kasan ramin a zuba tulun tukunyar ƙasa.
  5. Yin amfani da katako da aka shimfiɗa a kan ramin, sanya seedling a cikin ramin domin tushen wuyansa is located daidai a matakin ƙasa ƙasa. A wannan matsayin, haša seedling a fegi.
  6. Yada tushen seedling kuma cika ramin tare da ƙasa, a hankali compacting domin babu voids.
  7. Zuba guga na ruwa a ƙarƙashin seedling.
  8. Lokacin da ruwa ya tuna, mulch da akwati da'irar tare da sawdust.

Lemun tsami, taki da kuma ma'adinin nitrogen ma'adinan baza ayi amfani dasu ba lokacin dasa!

Cike da Kulawar Sosai

Overwintered tsire-tsire ana bincika a cikin bazara da kuma pruned idan ya cancanta. Yara matasa ne kawai na farkon shekarar shuka a cikin guga na ruwa kowace shuka sau ɗaya a mako suna buƙatar yin ruwa, sannan kawai in babu ruwan sama. A rabin rabin bazara, an daina hana ruwa gudu. Underasa a ƙarƙashin bushes zai fi kyau a ƙarƙashin ciyawa ta ciyawa ko itacen ɓoye don guje wa lalacewar tushen da hana haɓakar ciyawa.

Ceri mai narkewa yana girma kuma yana bada fruita fruitan nasara cikin kyakkyawan hasken rana

Takayar da takin zamani akan ceri yana da lahani. Ya isa ya ciyar da ita sau ɗaya a shekara, a cikin bazara bayan fure. Matsakaicin takin tazarar mita 1:

  • 5 kilogiram 5 na humus ko takin mai bazu;
  • 60 g na superphosphate;
  • 15 g na potassium gishiri;
  • 20 g na nitrogen taki.

Da takin mai magani ana yada su a duk faɗin ƙasa ƙarƙashin kambi kuma ɗauka da sauƙi a cikin ƙasa tare da kwance ƙasa.

Kada a kara narkewar a ciki a cikin rabin rabin bazara da kaka, wannan yana rage zafin tsiro na hunturu.

Yanke Cherry Felt

A cikin matasa seedling wanda ba shi da rassa a kaikaice, bayan dasawa, mafi yawanci ana yin gajarta dan kadan ne don sanya kayan aiki. Idan akwai rassi mai rassa da yawa a yanzu, babu abin da za a taqaita don kar a ƙara ɗaukar daji.

A cikin bazara, bayan farkawa da kodan, ya zama dole don yanke duk bushe, daskararre kuma a fili rassan cututtukan. Ya kamata a rufe manyan sassan da lambun var. Idan bayan mutuwar manyan rassa daji ya juya ya zama mai yawa, za ka iya ba shi cikakkiyar sifa don ƙarin ko da warkewa.

Tsofaffin andan bishiyoyi da ba za'a iya jurewa ba don sabunta bushes ana yanke su daga tsoffin tsirrai.

A cikin tsoffin tsire-tsire, ana yin rigakafin tsufa, yankan wani ɓangare na tsofaffin rassan, da farko an cire rassan talauci marasa ƙarfi tare da fruiting.

Cutar, kwari da sauran matsaloli

Ba koyaushe yaji ceri yana faranta wa masu shi rai tare da wadatattun kayan marmari. Wannan inji yana da nasa takamaiman matsalolin da ke buƙatar gwanintar fasaha.

Matsalar ceri da abin da za a yi da ita (tebur)

Bayanin matsalaDalilaiAbin da za a yi da shiLura
Sosai ceri baya fureCikakken ceri yana da wuri sosai, kullun har ma da tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin shekaru 3-4. Idan har yanzu babu fure guda akan daji na shekaru biyar, to lallai wani abu ba daidai bane:
  • Itace tana cikin inuwa. Cherwanƙwasa ceri sosai hoto, kuma a cikin inuwa na furanni ba ya kafa kwata-kwata;
  • Dankin da aka shuka yana wurin da bai dace ba (ƙasa mai laushi, yumbu mai nauyi ko ƙasa mai acidic);
  • A cikin hunturu, fure fure
  • Cire tushen inuwa, idan har zai iya yiwuwa a zahiri (don yanke rassan bishiyar tonon sililin, maye gurbin shinge mai shinge tare da shimfidar murfin m, da dai sauransu.)
  • Za ku iya, ba shakka, yi ƙoƙarin shirya magudanan ruwa ta amfani da magudanar magudanar ruwa, ƙara adadin ƙarancin yashi mai kyau a cikin ƙasa mai yumɓu, kuma a hankali rage acidity da iyakancewa. Amma yafi dacewa a shuka sabon shuka na matasa a wani wuri da yafi dacewa dashi.
  • Cherwanƙwasa ceri yana nuna juriyarsa mai sanyi kawai a cikin yanayin ƙasa tare da kyakkyawan yanayin sanyi ba tare da thaws ba. Bayan narkewa, har ma da sanyi mai sanyi a -20 ... -25 ° C, musamman ma a rabin rabin lokacin hunturu da farkon bazara, na iya yin illa ga fure-fure. Ba shi yiwuwa a kunsa cherries ji, wannan zai tsokani mutuwarsa daga haushi. Yana yiwuwa a spud da dusar ƙanƙara kawai a yankuna ba tare da yanayin hunturu ba
Kada kuyi kokarin dasawa da wani ɗan daji da ya girmi shekaru 3-4 - tsire-tsire tabbas zai mutu!
Ku ɗanɗano furannin ceri amma ba ya yin 'ya'ya
  • Rashin pollinator. Cikakken cherries na buƙatar giciye-fure. Cikakken nau'ikan da ke da saurin haifuwa basa rayuwa kwata-kwata. A cikin mafi kyawun yanayin, kawai sashin isar da kai ne kawai zai yuwu, i.e. da samuwar 'ya'yan itãcen marmari (a dintsi na berries daga babban daji daji).
  • Furewa sun lalace ta hanyar sanyi. Tare da mummunan daskarewa lalacewa ana gani nan da nan, furanni sun mutu gaba ɗaya. Tare da daskarewa mai haske, furannin suna iya rayuwa, daga nesa da furanni masu kama-da-ido, amma a kan kusa da bincike ya zama sananne cewa tsakiyar furanni ya koma baƙi - don haka babu 'ya'yan itace
  • Shuka bushes kusa da dazuzzuka da ji cherries na daban-daban iri, ko seedlings girma daga tsaba. Wani talakawa yaji ceri baya yin pollinate!
  • Kuna iya kare daga sanyi ta hanyar rufe tsire-tsire na dare tare da manyan canvases na kayan da ba a saka sutura ba, ƙananan gefuna wanda dole ne a matse da tabbaci a ƙasa. Da rana, a yanayin zafin jiki mai kyau, dole ne a cire wannan tsari don bayar da damar zuwa furanni ga ƙudan zuma da sauran kwari masu lalata ƙwayoyin cuta. Tsire-tsire suna sanyi a cikin ƙananan wurare suna wahala mafi yawan, a irin waɗannan wuraren ji cherries bai kamata a dasa ba
A lokacin furanni ko kuma nan da nan bayan sa, ganye akan wasu rassa ba zato ba tsammani sun bushe, kamar ƙonawaWannan cuta ce mai matukar haɗari fungal - moniliosis, ko monilial burn.
  • Ya kamata a yanke rassan da aka shafa nan da nan, aƙalla aƙalla santimita 2 na sashin lafiya, kuma a ƙone nan da nan.
  • A cikin bazara, aiwatar da huɗuba biyu tare da baƙin ƙarfe mai ɗauke da baƙin ƙarfe: kafin fure kuma nan da nan bayan shi.
  • Game da mummunan lalacewa, an kuma bada shawarar aiwatar da sprays biyu tare da nitrafen 2%: a cikin kaka bayan kammala faɗuwar ganye kuma a farkon bazara kafin buɗewar buds
Kada ku dasa cherries na kusa da sauran fruitsan stonean dutse - duk suna da cututtukan gama gari waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe daga wannan shuka zuwa wani
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari mãsu ruɓa, an rufe su da launin toka "ababen masarufi" na maɓallin m'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na launin toka - cututtukan fungal da ke da alaƙa da moniliosis
  • Tattara da kuma lalata 'ya'yan itatuwa da abin ya shafa, tare da cikakken shan kashi - yanke duka reshe na cututtukan ku ƙone.
  • A cikin bazara, aiwatar da huɗuba biyu tare da baƙin ƙarfe mai ɗauke da baƙin ƙarfe: kafin fure kuma nan da nan bayan shi
Madadin 'ya'yan itaciya na al'ada (m da ja), ana yin buɗaɗɗen buhu-kama, mai kama da filayen koren koreCutar naman sa - lalata tafrin (a tsakanin lambu, da aka fi sani da "Aljihuna")
Ganyen an barnaLeaf-cin caterpillars na cutarwa butterflies, mafi yawan lokuta da yawa kwari
  • A tattara kwari da hannu kuma a hallaka.
  • Bayan an kammala tarin berries tare da adadi mai yawa na kwari, za a iya yayyafa magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ta pyrethroid
Ganyen an karkatar da su, an rufe su da ƙananan tsoffin kwari.Aphids

Cututtuka da kwari na jin cherries (hoto gallery)

'Yan lambu suna bita akan ceri mai kyau

Ina kuma da fifiko - ana jin ceri. Matsalar ita ce ta jike. Sun rubuta cewa wajibi ne a dasa shi don kada ruwan ya yi tururi a rami. Sai ta shuka da tsiwa da kyau, kuma da girma sosai da sauri daga zuriya kuma ta haifi 'ya'yan itace da wuri. Sabili da haka, a cikin bazara kuna buƙatar kada ku gudu da sako kusa da ceri don kada ku sako ciyawar

Tamara Semenovna

//www.tomat-pomidor.com/newforum/index.php?topic=183.40

Sosai ceri - m. Noman amfanin gona kuna buƙatar fashewar "makwabta" ko siyayya iri daban daban.

Helga

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/150606/

Ba asirin bane cewa enthusiarfin 30-40 da suka wuce, lokacin da yaji ceri kusan asalin amfanin gona ne a cikin gonar da ke cikin Yankin Moscow, ya ragu sosai A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, mutane da yawa sun dame tare da lalata kullun tare da yankan shekara-shekara zuwa "rayu" da girbi a cikin nau'in dubun na berries. Waɗanda ba su lalace gaba ɗaya ba an liƙe su akan shinge a hanya. A wannan shekara na kalli hoto mai ban dariya, a kan irin wannan fashewar abubuwa da aka dasa a bayan rami, reshe guda daya ya fashe da ƙarfi, kusa da ƙasa kanta. Kwanan nan na wuce, wannan reshe ya bushe gabaɗaya, sauran kuma babu komai, babu alamun moniliosis. Dangane da zabin nau'ikan, ba shi da amfani a gare ni, Na kawo daga Khabarovsk: Damanka, Virovskaya da sauran nau'ikan kiren Far gabas, DUK ƙarshe ya tafi ganga don ƙonawa

gindi

//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=2420&start=75

Ina da gida a arewacin Yankin Moscow. A farkon ci gaban, tana da yawancin bushes na ji ceri; a tsakiyar Mayu, kyakkyawa sabon abu ya bazu. An gasa shi da kashi.

Tamara P

//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=719742

Cherwanƙwasa ceri daidai yayi girma kuma yana bada fruita fruitan itace, ba tare da buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ba, a cikin yankin na haɓaka na al'ada da namo a Gabas ta Rasha, cikin nasarar maye gurbin ceri na yau da kullun. Wannan bishiyar tana kuma aiki sosai a wasu yankuna na Siberiya da Kazakhstan tare da yanayin yanayi ba tare da yanayin hunturu ba. Yanayin ɓangaren Turai na Rasha ba shi da fa'ida ga wannan al'ada, amma a cikin lambun mai son a cikin yankunan da microclimate mai kyau da nau'in ƙasa mai dacewa, jin ceri yana girma sosai kuma yana ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace a kai a kai, kuma zaɓi na yau da kullun mafi kyawun samfurori yayin yaduwar ƙwaƙwalwa yana ba da damar samun tsire-tsire waɗanda suka fi dacewa da yanayin gida.