Mutane da yawa lambu san cewa a cikin unguwannin bayan gari za ka iya girma kudancin Berry - apricot. Amma ba kowa ne ya san yadda ake yin abin da ke daidai ba, menene matsaloli za a iya fuskanta. Ana iya samun Apricot a cikin ɗakunan rani da wuraren zama kusa da Moscow. Ba koyaushe yake yin nasara cikin nasara ba, amma mutane da yawa suna samun kyakkyawan nasara. Ga waɗannan mazaunan Yankin Moscow da suke son haɓaka wannan al'ada, zai zama da amfani a san fasalin wannan tsarin.
Yaushe shuka apricot a cikin karkara a cikin bazara
A kowane yanki, bazara shine lokacin da akafi so don dasa shuki. Ga yankin Tsakiya, gami da yankin Moscow, wannan ita ce kawai zaɓi mai yiwuwa. A cikin yanayin sanyi da farkon hunturu, bishiyoyin apricot da aka dasa a cikin kaka ba za su sami lokacin yin tushe da ƙarfi ba, sabili da haka kawai ba zai tsira ba.
Don haka, kuna buƙatar dasa a cikin bazara, mafi daidai, kafin farkon kwararar ruwan itace. Wannan shi ne mafi kyawun lokacin shuka, tun lokacin da aka shuka ciyawar da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa da dumama ƙasa ba da daɗewa ba zai tashi daga baccin hunturu kuma zai yi girma, yana ɗaukar tushe da ƙarfi. A cikin kaka, irin wannan shuka zai zama lafiya, mai ƙarfi kuma ya shirya don hunturu mai sanyi kusa da Moscow.
Yadda za a dasa apricot a cikin bazara a cikin gari
Shuka apricot a cikin kewayen birni yana da halaye na kansa idan aka kwatanta da yankuna na kudanci. Lokacin da ake shirin dasa irin wannan bishiya akan maƙarƙashiyar tasa, mai kula da gonar yana buƙatar sanin dokoki da ƙwarewar wannan tsari.
Zabi wurin sauka
Wannan shine lokacin bayyana daga abin da ake fara dasa apricot. Itataccen tsire-tsire wanda yake yanayin zafi yana buƙatar wuri mai amfani, yana da kariya daga iska mai sanyi ta arewa. Yawancin lokaci, idan akwai irin wannan dama, suna sanya itace kusa da shinge, ganuwar ginin ko kuma bishiyoyi masu kauri. Wannan zaɓi yana karɓa ne yayin da waɗannan shinge ke kasancewa arewaci ko arewa maso gabas shafin sauka a nan gaba. Idan babu irin waɗannan yanayi, to kuna buƙatar yin allon kwalliya na musamman fenti (zaku iya yin wannan tare da turmi mai lemun tsami), wanda zai nuna hasken rana, bugu da illari yana haskakawa da kuma dumama bishiyoyi.
Lopananan ramin kudu da kudu maso yamma (har zuwa 15 °) sun dace sosai don yin apricot.
Sharadi na biyu shine cewa wurin dole ne ya bushe, tare da zurfin farfaɗowar ruwan karkashin kasa. Apricot ba zai yi girma a kan wata damp ba, busasshiyar ƙasa.
Abun da ke cikin ƙasa ba shi da mahimmancin mahimmanci don apricot. Apricot yana tsiro akan kowane (banda peat) ƙasa tare da acidity kusa da tsaka tsaki. Yana da mahimmanci kawai cewa sun kasance sako-sako, fishi mai kyau, isasshen iska da danshi.
Idan ba a cika yanayin da ke sama ba, ya kamata a watsar da dasa apricot.
Sayarwar Seedling
Dandana lambu samu seedlings a cikin fall da kuma adana har sai spring.
Zabin sa
Kafin ka sayi seedling, kana buƙatar yanke shawarar wane sa (ko iri, idan akwai da yawa), ya kamata a fifita. Ga Yankin Moscow, da farko suna zaɓar nau'in nau'in hunturu-Hardy wanda zai iya jure wa ba kawai lokacin sanyi ba, har ma zai iya yin jure sanyi da sanyi. Abu na biyu, ya kamata ku kula da ƙarfin apricot don cin gashin kansa. Idan nau'ikan da aka zaɓa bashi da isnadin haihuwa, to ya kamata a kula da pollinators akan ta.
Daga gwaninta na lambu, mafi kyawun yankin Moscow sune nau'ikan apricot masu zuwa:
- Kadan
- Sarauniya
- Lissafi
- Alyosha,
- Farar baƙin ciki
- Varangian
- Alyosha,
- Tatsuniya
- Harshen Iceland
- Gwanayen Arewa
- Fi so
- Susova-Hardy mai sanyi
Shekarun 'ya'yan seedling ba zai wuce shekaru 1-2 ba. Tsofaffin bishiyoyi, a cikin wurare masu sanyi, suna yin mummunan rauni, suna rashin lafiya kuma galibi suna mutuwa a farkon hunturu.
Lokacin zabar seedling, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa tushen tsarin yana haɓaka sosai, tushen suna fibrous kuma ba tare da lalacewa ba, bai kamata a sami haɓakar haɓaka da cones ba. Haushi ya kamata ya zama mai santsi, kallon lafiya, ba tare da fasa da cakulan ba.
A halin yanzu, ana shuka ƙwayar shuka tare da tsarin tushen rufewa, watau girma a cikin jaka ko kwantena tare da cakuda abinci mai nauyin 10-30, ana ƙara siyarwa. Suna da rayuwa ta 100%, ba da izini ba lokacin saukarwa. Kuna iya shuka su a kowane lokaci daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba. Suna da raunin guda ɗaya kawai - babban farashi.
Seedlingsa'idodin seedlings apricot ba su dace da dasa shuki a cikin gari ba. Dole ne a duƙufa a kan, tsayayya wa sanyi da zafi, matattun. Tsayin alurar riga kafi ba ya yin ƙasa da mita ɗaya. Ana amfani da matsanancin matsakaici kamar matattara:
- Tula baki
- Eurasia 43,
- Farkowa,
- da sauran nau'ikan gida ko wasa.
Adana iri
Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka guda biyu don amintaccen ajiyar zaɓin seedling ɗin har zuwa bazara:
- A cikin ginshiki. Muna buƙatar tushe wanda yanayin iska a cikin hunturu bazai faɗi ƙasa da 0 ° C ba kuma bai wuce +5 ° C ba. Hanya don sanya seedlings don ajiya kamar haka:
- An sanya akwatin katako na girman da ya dace a ƙasa a cikin ginin bene, ana zuba Layer yashi ko sawdust a ƙasa.
- Tushen seedlings an fara saukar da shi cikin mashin yumbu da mullein, sannan a sanya shi cikin akwati.
- Cika Tushen tare da yashi na yashi ko sawdust da moisturize.
- Rufe tare da fim ɗin sako-sako, kuma daga baya a tabbata cewa yashi (sawdust) baya bushewa. Madadin kwalaye, zaka iya amfani da jakunkuna.
- An binne shi a cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan:
- Tona rami a gonar 40 cm faɗin, tsawon cm 100, zurfin 50 cm (ƙididdigar girman, kuna buƙatar kewayawa girman seedling ɗinku).
- Ana zuba wani yashi ko kuma sawdust a ƙasan ramin.
- Yi seedling tare da tushen a kan yashi, kambi a gefen ramin.
- Cika Tushen tare da yashi na yashi ko sawdust da moisturize da kyau.
- An dasa seedling tare da sako-sako da ƙasa, ya bar kawai ƙarshen rassan.
- Tare da farawa na hunturu, an rufe wurin zama da dusar ƙanƙara har sama da 60 cm tsayi.
An adana seedling apricot seedling har sai lokacin bazara
Yana da mahimmanci. Ana ɗaukar 'yan itacen waje daga wuraren ajiya kawai kafin dasa shuki. Bai kamata su farka da wuri ba, wannan zai kara dagula rayuwa.
Saukowa rami shiri
Dangane da ka'idodin dasa tsirrai, an shirya rami a cikin aƙalla kwanaki 20-25 domin ƙasa a ciki tana da lokaci don daidaitawa da ɗaure. A bayyane yake cewa a farkon yanayin yanayin bazara bazai bari a yi wannan a gaba ba. Sabili da haka, dole ne a shirya ramin a fall.
Suna yin shi kamar haka:
- Suna tsaftace wurin da aka zaɓa, an cire ciyayi da datti.
- Yi alamar kewaye da rami na nan gaba. Zai iya zama zagaye ko square - kamar yadda ya dace. An zaɓi girman gwargwadon yawan ƙwayar ƙasa - mafi talauci mafi girman ramin. Tsinkaita na 70-80 cm kuma daidai zurfin yawanci ya isa.
Rami na dasa apricot ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 70 cm a diamita da zurfin iri ɗaya
- Ci gaba da tono rami. Cire babban m matakin kuma ninka daban. Ragowar kasar gona an cire shi kuma ya sanya shi a cikin wani tari.
- Za a zubar da magudanan ruwa mai kauri 10 cm zuwa gindin dutse .. An fasa dutse, yumɓu mai yumɓu ko sauran irin waɗannan abubuwa.
- Ana zuba cakuda mai gina jiki a cikin rami: takin gargajiya (humus, takin), ƙasa mai daɗin abinci, peat, yashi daidai gwargwado. Ma'adinan ma'adinai (300 g superphosphate da ash kilogram 1.5) an haɗe su tare da felu.
Cakuda mai gina jiki yana hade sosai da felu
- Rufe tare da kayan rufin, fim ko wasu kayan da suka dace, wanda ya sa a farkon bazara tare da farkon narkewa, abubuwan gina jiki ba su wanke ba.
Fasaha da umarnin saukarwa mataki-mataki
A cikin bazara, da zaran yanayin da ya dace sun isa, sun fara sauka.
Mataki-mataki umarnin
Arshe, ƙarshen, mataki na dasa apricot ya ƙunshi matakai masu sauƙi.
- Ana ɗaukar seedling daga wurin ajiya kuma an sa ido. Idan ya yi kyau sosai, to, ya kamata ya zama iri ɗaya kamar lokacin kwanciya - mai santsi, ba tare da fasa, haushi, wanda yake da launi mai launi koren launi akan yanke, fararen itace, m, asalinsu mai laushi.
- An kafa babban juzu'i na cakuda abinci a cikin ramin saukowa.
- A nesa na 10-15 cm daga tsakiyar ramin, ana tura katako na ciki.
- Ana sanya sapling tare da tushen wuya a saman tudun, an daidaita Tushen a hankali kuma an sanya shi a tarnaƙi.
- Sun cika rami a matakai da yawa, suna haɗa kowane yanki na duniya. Tushen tushen yana a ƙasa da matakin ƙasa, a zurfin 3-5 cm.
Sun cika rami a matakai da yawa, suna haɗa kowane yanki na duniya
- Ieulla ɗayan itace zuwa fegi tare da igiya, a ƙoƙarin kada su wuce akwati.
- Ana kafa da'irar kusa-tare da abin hawa tare da diamita na rami da ƙugu a kusa da kara.
- Shayar da itacen da ruwa domin ƙasa a cikin ramin ya cika. Wannan ya wajaba don m lamba ta tushen tare da kasar gona da kuma cire yiwu sinuses cewa faruwa lokacin da backfilling.
Bayan yin barci, samar da da'irar kusa-da'ira kuma shayar
- Tsakanin jagora da rassa an yanke su da kashi 30-40%.
An dasa daskararru, amma a cikin yanayin yankin Yankin Moscow dawowar daskararru, wanda zai iya lalata, ko ma lalata bishiyar itace, ba a cire shi ba. Don hana irin wannan tashin hankali, shirya tsari na wucin gadi don seedling. Don yin wannan, zaku iya gina shimfiɗa mai nauyi na sanduna na katako ko bututun ruwa na filastik kuma ku rufe da filastik kunsa ko spanbond. Game da sanyi, yana da sauƙi a rufe itace da irin wannan bukka a adana ta daga daskarewa. Wannan ƙirar za ta zo da amfani a cikin hunturu na gaba, don haka kar a yi hanzarin ɓoye shi.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa
Yankin Moscow yanki ne mai wahala don amfanin apricot, kuma mai kula da lambun yana fuskantar wasu matsaloli, waɗanda suke da shiri sosai.
Apricot ba ya ba da 'ya'ya
Yana faruwa lokaci ya wuce wanda yakamata apricot ya riga ya kawo fruitsa fruitsan farko, amma wannan bai faru ba. Akwai dalilai da yawa.
Apricot baya fure
Idan apricot bai yi fure ba, to watakila lokaci bai yi ba tukuna. Fruiting ba koyaushe yana farawa ba a lokutan da aka nuna a bayanin nau'ikan. Wataƙila za a iya jinkirta saboda wasu dalilai, alal misali, ɗanyen ba na iri-iri da aka ayyana a lokacin siyan ba. Kuna buƙatar jira wani shekaru 1-2 kuma, mai yiwuwa, komai zai yi kyau.
Amma mafi sau da yawa a cikin kewayen birni wannan yanayin na iya faruwa idan, a lokacin lokutan canjin zafin jiki, fure ya lalace ta hanyar sanyi. Wannan wani lokacin yakan faru kuma ba za a iya yin komai game da shi ba.
Apricot fure, amma baya haifar da ovaries
Wannan na faruwa lokacin da nau'in apricot ba mai saurin-kai bane kuma babu kyakkyawan pollinator kusa. Akwai kuskuren lambu Lokacin dasa shuki, ya wajaba a zabi iri-iri mai cin gashin kansa ko kuma a lokaci guda shuka iri-iri da ya dace don pollination.
Dalili na biyu na iya zama shan kashi na fure ta wata cuta, misali, moniliosis.
Ovaries tsari amma sun fado
Dalili mai yiwuwa shine rashin abinci da (ko) ruwa.
Apricot yana ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace, amma' ya'yan itatuwa basu da lokacin yin ripen
Magana ta gama gari don iri iri tare da matattakalar marigayi (misali, Favourite). A cikin sanyi da ruwa na bazara, berries ba su da lokacin yin ripen kuma su kasance marasa kyau a kan rassan. Babu wani abin da za a yi. Dole ne mu jira na gaba kakar, watakila zai iya samun nasara.
Tushen da kututture
Wurin da bai dace ba don ƙasa ko a cikin hunturu akwai dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa. Ya zama denser, narkewar yayi saurin lalacewa, kuma aka samar da yanayi mai cike da ruwa a kusa da tukunyar apricot, mai dacewa don fitar da ruwa. Ana iya magance matsalar cikin sauƙi ta hanyar ɗaga dusar ƙanƙara a cikin tushe daga farkon shuka da shigarwa na tsagi don cire ruwan narkewa.
Bidiyo: haɓakar apricot a tsakiyar layi
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Brotheran'uwana yana da gidan bazara a kewayen gari kuma ya yi shekaru aru aru yana yin apricots. Yanayin akwai moody, tare da dogon lokacin bazara da tsananin sanyi, saboda haka kuna buƙatar ɗaukar nau'in hunturu-Hardy kawai. Zasu iya jurewa har zuwa debe 30, kuma kodan zata iya jure koda tsayi, mai tsananin sanyi. Saboda haka cewa seedlings ba rushe, kamar yadda shi ne sau da yawa haka a cikin wannan yanayin, grafted uwa hunturu-Hardy gida plums gida ya kamata a dauka. Hakanan kuna buƙatar ɗaukar nau'ikan hayayyafa da kansu, kuma a cikin mummunan yanayi ba tare da sauran bishiyoyi masu ba da tsire ba zasu samar da amfanin gona. Mafi kyawun iri don gandunan kusa da Moscow shine Lel; ɗan'uwansa yana da irin waɗannan bishiyoyi waɗanda ke ba da kyawawan 'ya'yan itace. Dukkanin sanyi sanyi ne mai-daushin kai, mai kayatarwa, karama, har tsawon mita uku. Don yankunan karkara an barnata shi a cikin 86m kuma tun daga wannan lokacin an sami nasarar girma cikin manyan lambuna da ƙananan rani.
Alla Ivanovna
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Kyakkyawan nau'in sanyi na musamman mai tsaurin kai-sanyi Snegirek, Rasha, ,an Arewa ma suna da kyau. Wadannan nau'ikan za'a iya girma a yankuna masu zafi, ba wai kawai a cikin kewayen gari ba. Nasarar arewa daga yankin Voronezh gaba ɗaya ta bazu ko'ina cikin yankuna na kudu. Tall, mai 'ya'yan itace, mai jure duk cututtukan apricot. Amma Snegirek ne mita daya da rabi, amma mai 'ya'ya, mai kamun kai ne, an adana shi na dogon lokaci, yana da juriya ga dukkan cututtuka ban da moniliosis, kuma ana buƙatar proflaxis na fungicide. Saplings don dasa dole ne a sayi kawai grafted girma a cikin gandun daji, saboda kaddarorin iri-iri ba su daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar itace. A cikin mafi kyawun yanayi, daga shank ko an liƙa akan tushen rauni na seedling, zaku sami amfanin gona na daji ko kuma babu amfanin gona da komai, zai daskare.
Igor Karinram
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Ni da kaina na san mutumin da apricots ya girma kuma ya ba da 'ya'ya fiye da shekaru 10. Bai san iri-iri ba, an kawo masa seedlings daga Siberiya tuni! A wannan shekara Na ma kalli 'ya'yan itaciyar, amma ba na son tsirran, akwai wasu shaƙa. Na karanta cewa Irkutsk hunturu-Hardy, Aquarius, Lel, Monastic sun dace da Yankin Moscow. Daban-daban Aquarius da Monastic sun kasance a cikin OBI, amma, a fili, mafi kyawun an riga an zaɓi!
Ba a sani ba
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shekarar da ta gabata Ina da fure guda daya, mai shekara uku. A wannan ina fatan fure biyu. Lokaci ya yi da za a faɗi tukuna. Amma kodan sun kumbura a duka biyun, don haka tabbas ba su daskare ba. Ttararren gida, idan hakane a cikin gundumar Ramensky 50 km daga Moscow lokaci - kudu maso gabas. Babban abu shine dasa su ba a cikin wani wuri mai kauri ba. Ba na iya tuna ire-ire iri a yanzu, amma na kuma sayi gidan reno daga mama a cikin siyo - gandun daji a cikin nekrasovka. 04/21/2016 10:00:21, lapolka +1 -1
Anan ne ma nake son shuka a gundumar Ramensky ... kuma a kuzminki kusa da gidan makwabta an dasa apricot kawai kusa da gidan a gefen kudu .... rana tana lafiya sosai ... 04/21/2016 10:55:01, ksuhen +1 -1
Ba shi gwadawa. Kuna iya zuwa lafiya tare da Nekrasovka (Sadko) da mai lambu. Dubi adireshin gidan yanar gizon su. Na sayi kowane irin bushes a can. Adadin rayuwa na 100%. Amma daga Timiryazevka ba wani daji daya da ya da tushe. 04/21/2016 11:12:34, lapolka +1 -1
Suna girma sosai kuma suna ba da 'ya'ya, maƙwabta suna da babban itace a wurin. Amma na tuna ko ta yaya shi ne cewa shekarar ta zama wofi, wataƙila yanayin ya shafi 04/21/2016 07:43:10, KlaraSS
lapolka
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Girma apricot a cikin karkara ba sauki. Matsaloli da matsaloli suna jiran mai gonar ta wannan hanyar. Sabbin nau'ikan da aka girma a kan hannun jari mai tsaurin sanyi suna taimakawa wajen shawo kan waɗannan matsalolin. A hankali bin dokokin dasa da kulawa, mai kula da lambu tabbas zai yi nasara.
