Kalanchoe yana daya daga cikin sanannun tsire-tsire masu magani kuma an san shi da likita na cikin gida ko ginseng na cikin gida. Wannan tsiron ya sami daraja daga cikin bishiyar rayuwa don kayan aikin ta na warkarwa. Daga cikin nau'ikan 200 da aka sani a cikin yanayi, kusan dozin biyu ana amfani dasu don narkar cikin gida. Dukkansu suna daidai da daidaita don tsawan tsawan fari a fari da kuma zurfin zafi, sabili da haka suna da cikakkiyar fassara yanayin yanayi.
Babban bayani game da Kalanchoe
Kalanchoe sosai cikin nasara ya haɗu da mahimman mahimman ayyukan biyu don shukar gida. Wannan tsire-tsire na marasa ƙoshin gaske na iya kawo taimako na magani ga cutar kuma ya faranta ido tare da kyawawan furanni. Homelandasar haihuwarsa ana ɗaukar Afirka ta Kudu. Daga can, Kalanchoe ya bazu zuwa ƙasashen Asiya, daga baya kuma zuwa wasu yankuna.

A farkon karni na 20, Kalanchoe an jera shi azaman mai magani.
A aikace, ana amfani da hanyoyin haihuwa kamar haka: 'yan itace, ƙoda (yara), ganye, ganyayyaki da ƙwaya.
Yaduwa da tushe cuttings
Yankan itace ɗayan hanyoyin da ake amfani dasu na yaduwar Kalanchoe, ana yin ta duka a lokacin rani (tushen yana ɗaukar makonni uku) da kuma hunturu. Bayan m cire na kasan biyu ganye, da stalk ne dan kadan bushe da sanya shi a cikin tukunya.
Specificayyadaddun hanyar ita ce cewa ana dasa shukar tsire bayan fure don sabunta shi kuma ya ba da kyakkyawar bayyanar.
Tunda sandunan Kalanchoe suna daɗaɗa ƙarfi sosai a lokacin kakar girma, ana yankuna kuma, idan ya cancanta, ana amfani da itace. Tsire-tsire na manya sun fi dacewa da yankan itace.

Dole ne a gudanar da aikin da grafting a hankali, ba tare da rush ba, tun da shirya duk abin da ya cancanta a gaba
Don cin nasarar dasa Kalanchoe, dole ne a bi ƙa'idodin masu zuwa:
- Yanke elongated da aka yanke bayan fure za'a iya sanya shi nan da nan a cikin ƙasa kuma ana shayar da yalwa ko kuma kawai a cikin akwati da ruwa don tushen samuwar. A tsawon lokaci, ana dasa irin wannan tsiron a cikin kwandon shara tare da substrate.
- Harbe sun zaɓi madaidaiciyar sifa, suna gajarta su zuwa 6-9 cm tipsasaru masu taushi da laushi na harbe suna dacewa sosai ga tushen.
- Game da saukowa a cikin ƙasa, wuraren yankuna ana yin dunƙulen da keɓaɓɓun gawayi. Lokacin zabar ƙasa, ya kamata a haifa da hankali cewa Kalanchoe bai yarda da ƙasa mai acidic ba. Sabili da haka, zaku iya amfani da ƙasar da aka shirya don maye gurbin ko kuma shirya cakuda daɗaɗɗa kanku ta hanyar haɗawa da ƙasa sod, ƙasan ganye da yashi kogin a cikin rabo na 4: 2: 1, ƙara ɗan humus a can.
- Lokacin da tsire-tsire suna da tushe sosai (galibi yakan ɗauki kimanin makonni biyu), suna narkar da su a kai a kai, suna yin fure mai fure. Wannan dabara tana taimakawa ga farkawar kodan gefe da samuwar wata ciyawar daji mai zuwa.
Umarnin don yaduwa cutuna kalahoe:
- Yanke dabarun da suka dace.
Don ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan ciyawar fure a nan gaba, zaɓaɓɓen da aka zaɓa ya kamata suna da ganye masu dacewa da gajeren internodes
- Sanya murfin a cikin akwati na ruwa.
Yanayin zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin akwati inda ake girke ganyen yakamata ya kasance 20-25 ° C
- Sanya daskararrun yankan a ƙasa.
Bayan Tushen ya bayyana a kan kututture, dole ne a pinched su
Tsarin tushen babban reshe yana kama da dasawa ta hanyar yanke. Kuna iya zaɓar kowane reshe da kuke so idan saboda wasu dalilai bai dace da bayyanar da shuka ba. Kada ku yi saurin fitar da reshe ba da gangan ba. A wannan yanayin, an makale shi cikin ƙasa mai laushi ko a sanya shi a cikin ƙaramin akwati da ruwa. Bayan ɗan lokaci, farin Tushen zai bayyana a kai.
Ganya rooting
Yaduwa daga Kalanchoe ta ganyayyaki masu ganye suna gama-gari ne. Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin gida shekara-shekara. Dalilin yaduwa ta hanyar rubutattun abubuwa kamar haka:
- Ganyen da ya ci gaba sosai an yanke shi ne daga tsiron tsire-tsire.
Don yankan, yana da kyau a zaɓi ganye mai matsakaici
- An dasa takardar da aka yanke a cikin tukunya tare da ingantaccen danshi mai laushi (an ba da shawarar yin danshi tare da maganin Kornevin a cikin daidaitaccen ma'aunin [1 g na foda a kowace lita na ruwa], yana hana substrate bushewa). Akwai samfurin abun da ke ciki: sassan 10 na ruwan kogin da aka wanke da wani sashi na peat (humus). Ganyen ganye yana kara zurfafawa a wani kusurwa zuwa zurfin 1-1.5 cm.
- An zaɓi wurin don cikakken hasken.
- Idan tushe ya kafe cikin ruwa, an rufe akwati da murfi mai haske don hana ruwa gudu cikin sauri.
Ya kamata a tsammaci fashewar a cikin 'yan makonni
Ya kamata a sani cewa hatta wadancan ganyayyakin da suka faɗo daga gangar jikin kansu amma basu bushe ba duka sun dace da wannan zaɓi na kiwo. Kuna iya bincika ingancinsu ta hanyar sauke ganyayyakin a cikin saucer ko kofin ruwa har sai Tushen ya bayyana. Lokacin da ya fi dacewa don yin rooting ta hanyar ganye shine ƙarshen Mayu da farkon watan Yuni.
Wannan ingantaccen rikodin zamani, wanda kuma aka sani da fure Kalanchoe, shima ana iya samun sauƙin tushe ta hanyar tushe da tsaba.
Kalanchoe daga tsaba
Umarnin don yada yadaran Kalanchoe:
- Abubuwan da aka shirya na Kalanchoe Blossfeld ana shuka su a cikin kwantena na buɗe cike da cike da daskararren abubuwa don hana kamuwa da cuta da jujjuyawar tsaba.
- M grooves guga man a kan leveled surface na substrate, a cikin abin da an sanya tsaba daga nesa daga 3-4 cm daga juna.
- Yakamata ya kamata a dannanta dan kadan a cikin kasar da ta bushe.
- Bayan wani lokaci, harbe suka bayyana.

Yanayin zafin jiki a cikin dakin da aka shuka iri na Kalanchoe kada ya faɗi ƙasa da 20 ° C
Fasali na yaduwar jinsunan Degremon
Wannan babban iyalin Crassulaceae yana da fasalin kiwo. Saboda shi, ana shuka tsiron kuma ana kiranta Kalanchoe viviparous.

Kalanchoe Degremona yana da launuka daban-daban na ganye
Wani fasali mai nau'in wannan nau'in shine sawtooth notches a cikin ganyayyaki, wanda aka kafa ƙananan 'yar tsirrai (yara) tare da girma kuma suna shirye don tushen tushen kansu. Ta yara, an fahimci kodan ganye. A waje, suna kama da ƙaramin tsire-tsire masu ƙaramin itace da ganyayyaki biyu da asalinsu.
'Ya'yan Kalanchoe Degremona suna da dukiya ɗaya mai ban sha'awa: lokacin da suka isa girman mafi girma, sai su fyaɗe daga ganyen kuma, sau ɗaya cikin ƙasa mai rigar, sun sami damar kawar da kansu. A ainihin zuciyar, jariri cikakken shuka ne, a shirye yake domin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.
Umarnin don dasa jaririn Kalanchoe Degremon:
- Raba jariri daga ganyen girma.
- Easy shigar azzakari cikin farji a cikin shirye substrate.
- Moisturize kasar gona daga sprayer.
A cikin makon farko, jaririn da aka dasa yana ɓoye daga hasken rana kai tsaye, kuma yana kula da danshi ta ƙasa har sai da ya zama tushen.
Bidiyo: Hanyoyi 3 don kiwo Kalanchoe Degremon
Reshen tushen zuriya
Bayan an gama furanni, an harba harsashin harbin don yalwata ci gaban 'ya'yansu. A sakamakon haka, offspringa youngan yara sun bayyana kusa da mahaifiyar fure. Ana amfani dasu don haifuwa. Bayan wannan, zuriya za a iya raba da kuma dasa a cikin tukunya da yashi sod substrate (8 sassan kogin yashi, 2 sassan sifted sod ƙasar).

Lingsan uwan aure dole ne su kai 1/3 na tsawon shuka
Raba Bush
Raba daga cikin uwar shuka ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi don yada Kalanchoe. A yawancin jinsunan succulents, daughteran tsire-tsire sun girma, sun dace sosai don dasa su a cikin akwati daban. Dukkanin tsari ya ƙunshi cire tsohuwar shuka daga tukunya, ta amfani da wuƙa don raba sassan daji da suka dace tare da Tushen kuma dasa su a cikin akwati daban tare da sabo ƙasa.

Dankin da ya girma kodayaushe yana buƙatar dasa
Matsaloli masu yuwuwar kiwo Kalanchoe a gida
Kodayake wannan tsire-tsire yana da sauƙi don girma kuma ana kiran shi likita na gida, yana iya zama rashin lafiya. Sabili da haka, lokacin yada Kalanchoe, ya kamata kuyi la'akari da kyau a hankali game da yanayin shuka mai bada taimako ga manya kuma ku kula da ka'idodin shuka tsirrai masu shuka. Kalanchoe shine mafi tsananin nacewa ga dukkan sananniyar nasara. Babban dalilin kamuwa da cuta tare da cututtuka shi ne rashin kulawarsa: wannan ba isasshen iska iska da ƙaruwar ƙasa. Wannan yana faruwa, alal misali, lokacin da aka dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mara dacewa: nauyi da mai yawa, tare da babban adadin peat. Yi amfani da cakuda shago don cacti da succulents, kuma a wasu halayen ƙara yashi ko vermiculite zuwa peat.
Zai fi kyau maye gurbin ƙasa idan kun lura cewa ƙaramin tsiron Kalanchoe ya daina ci gaba, kuma ƙasa a cikin tukunya koyaushe rigar.

Yanayin da ba shi da kyau yakan haifar da mildew powdery
Da farko dai, wuce gona da iri tare da ruwa na iya shafar bayyanar cutar. Lokacin girma Kalanchoe, ɗan farawa ya kamata ya bi doka mai sauƙi - yana da kyau a ɗanɗanawa fiye da cikawa.
Idan cutar ta bayyana kanta a kan shuka, lallai ne sai a nemi matakai masu amfani - amfani da fungicides, zabar su daga nau'in cutar. Don haka, lokacin da aka gano alamun farko na cututtukan fure, an yayyafa mai tushe da ganyayyaki tare da maganin maganin kashe kuzari daidai da umarnin don amfani.

Alirin-B shine ɗayan shahararrun fungicides don tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Zamu iya bambance yawancin cututtukan fungal na Kalanchoe:
- marigayi blight;
- launin toka rot;
- powdery mildew;
- kara rot.
Tebur: Cutar Kalanchoe da kulawarsu
Sunan cutar | Alamar rashin lafiya | Sarrafa Matakan da Rigakafin |
Late blight | Bayyanar launin ruwan kasa a jikin rassan harbe. Tsammani girma. | An warewar yanayin zafin jiki kwatsam. Rashin ƙwayar ƙasa kafin dasa shuki. Rage ruwa. Jiyya tare da fungicides (kwayoyi Fundazol, Ridomil, Alirin-B). |
Grey rot | Bayyanar launin toka. | Ban da danshi mai yawa, samar da fitilun al'ada da iska. Idan ya cancanta, jiyya tare da fungicides na tsari (Rovral, Fundazol). |
Powdery mildew | Farin farin powdery mai rufi akan ganye. | Banda yawan zafi da damshi. Jiyya tare da fungicides (Topaz, Fundazole, Alirin-B). |
Kara rot | Dankakken ruwa mai bakin ruwa yana bayyana akan ganyayyaki da mai tushe. | Rage zafi. Jiyya tare da fungicides (Gold, Previkur). |
Wani lokaci akwai wilting na dasa cuttings ba ga wani dalili ba bayyananne. Wannan yana sauƙaƙe ta haɓakar rootworm, kasancewar wanda a cikin ƙasa za'a iya gano shi lokacin dasa shuka. Matsakaicin iko shine cikakken canji na substrate da iya aiki, sau uku fesa na ganye tare da tincture na tafarnuwa (3-4 matsakaici cloves da 1 lita na ruwa) tare da tazara na kwana 10 ko tare da Actara, Fitoverm ko shirye-shiryen Mospilan tare da tazara tazara.
Aarancin da aka shuka zai iya dakatar da haɓaka saboda gaskiyar cewa an zaɓi tukunyar da take da yawa. Har sai Kalanchoe ya bunkasa tushen tsarin a cikin wannan akwati mai fadi, sabbin ganye ba zai fito ba.
Nasarar yaduwa ta Kalanchoe baya buƙatar ilimin musamman. Ya isa a hankali karanta shawarwari don yaduwar wannan shuka mara ma'ana. Sanin 'yan sauki dokoki, kowa na iya kokarin baza shuka mai mahimmanci a gida. Plantan ƙaramin tsirrai bisa ga ka'idodin zai yi godiya a gare ku da kyakkyawan fasalin kuma zai faranta wa ido rai tare da furewar bakan gizo da ke kusa da tushen ganye.