Duk manya da yara suna son strawberries mai daɗi. Yawancin lambu masu ban mamaki suna son girma da waɗannan furanni masu ban mamaki, waɗanda, ba shakka, suna son samun yawancin samfuri, kyawawa da kyawawan iri. Daga cikin nau'ikan strawberries na asalin ƙasashen waje, ba duka ba ne suka dace da girma a Rasha. Amma akwai banbancen da ba kyau. Waɗannan sun haɗa da strawberries Albion, wanda, tare da kulawa mai kyau, za'a iya girma a cikin yankuna na kudanci da tsakiyar Rasha.
Tarihi da kuma bayanin Strawberries Albion
Albion iri-iri na gyaran Albion ya fito ne a cikin 2006 saboda aikin masana kimiyyar California. An samo ciyawar itace ta hanyar tsallake nau'ikan Diamante da Cal 94.16-1 kuma anyi niyya don noman kasuwanci. Sabuwar sabuwar matasan ana kiranta CN220.
Albion wani tsaka tsaki ne na hasken rana. An ba da shawarar yin namo a cikin Amurka, Italiya, kudancin Kanada. A cikin Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha, namo wannan nau'in yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin yankuna na kudu (Crimea, Yankin Krasnodar, Yankin Rostov). A tsakiyar layi da yankuna na arewacin ba za a iya haɓaka su a cikin ƙasa ba, amma tana ba da 'ya'yan itace da kyau a cikin gidajen kore a ƙarƙashin yanayin ingantaccen haske.
Yawancin fure-fure da siffofin ovaries ci gaba (a cikin yanayin Rasha - daga farkon Mayu zuwa Oktoba). Idan aka girma a cikin gidajen kora, za'a iya girbe albarkatun gona shekara-shekara. Yana ɗaukar fruiting a shekara ta biyu bayan dasa.
Halayen sa
Bushes na Albion suna da yawa - har zuwa 40-45 cm tsayi; suna samar da gashin baki kaɗan. Fuskar manyan ganye mai duhu mai duhu da yawa itace mai laushi, tana da sheki mai mai. Arfi, mai haɓaka tsalle-tsalle na tsaye yana iya tsayar da nauyin berries, yana hana su taɓa ƙasa.
The berries suna da girma sosai (matsakaita nauyi 30-50 g), conical ko m-elongated. Yawancin lokaci girbin farko (a ƙarshen Mayu) ana nuna shi da 'ya'yan itace mai girma-ɗai ɗaya, kuma ta hanyar 3-4 fruiting nau'in berries yana iya canzawa zuwa m, ƙirar zuciya ko elongated.
Berries na Albion su ne manyan, conical a sifa, tare da m ƙasa
Dandanan 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, bisa ga lambu, yana inganta tare da motsi na biyu na fruiting (rabin rabin Yuli). Launin fata yana da haske ja, tare da mai sheki, farfajiya ita ce. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai zurfi ruwan hoda haske, mai yawa, ba tare da voids ba, tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙanshi na barkono. A kan maraice, da berries yawanci m-zaki, kuma a cikin yanayin yanayi dace - mai dadi, ba tare da sourness.
Bidiyo: Albion strawberry mai tsiro
Strawberry Albion yana da alaƙa da dama da rashin amfani. Abvantbuwan amfãni:
- babban haɓaka - a cikin ƙasa buɗe 500-800 g kowace daji a kowace kakar, a cikin greenhouse har zuwa 2 kilogiram;
- manyan masu girma dabam da kyawawan halayen ɗanɗano na berries;
- kyau haƙuri haƙuri;
- babban juriya ga harkokin sufuri saboda yawaitar berries;
- tsawon rayuwar shiryayye (kwanaki 7-8);
- babban juriya ga lalataccen launin toka, anthracnose, verticillosis da marigayi Blight, matsakaici juriya ga wasu cututtuka;
- mai kyau jure yanayin gizo-gizo.
Abin takaici, iri-iri shima yana da gazawa:
- low sanyi juriya (bushes mutu a zazzabi of -10 ° C);
- lura da yanayin canjin yanayi (a zazzabi na +30 ° C, ovulation na iya tsayawa, kuma a cikin yanayin rigar da berries din yake rasa dandano kuma ya zama ruwa);
- ba tsawon lokacin fruiting ba (dasawa wajibi ne a kowace shekara 3-4);
- ba kowa ba ne yake son abin ƙima ba, kusan ƙazamar nama.
Bidiyo: Albion Bambancin Bayani & Nasihu na Kulawa
Sake buguwa da dasa shuki
Samun daji guda na nau'ikan da kuka fi so, zaku iya samar da gonar gaba ɗaya tare da kayan shuka.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Daga cikin hanyoyin gargajiya na yaduwar strawberries don Albion iri-iri, rarraba daji ko shuka iri ana bada shawarar, tunda an kafa isan wari akan tsire-tsire.
- Raba daga daji. Kuna buƙatar ɗaukar bushes mai ciyawa sosai yana da shekaru 3-4 kuma ku raba su cikin ramuka na dabam domin kowane ya sami tushen asali. Kuna iya rarrabawa tare da wuka mai kaifi ko felu, ko zaku iya jiƙa tushen tsarin a cikin ruwa ku raba duniya, sannan a hankali ku “ja daji” da hannun ku.
Soke Tushen zai taimaka wajan rarraba ciyawar daji a cikin sauran kananan dabbobin
- Shuka tsaba. Don samun tsire-tsire, an girbe berries cikakke, rubbed da tsaba a wanke. Sakamakon iri yana bushe da adana a cikin firiji (rayuwar shiryayye - har zuwa shekara 1). Kafin yin shuka, an shuka tsaba a rana ɗaya cikin ruwa tare da ƙari masu haɓaka haɓaka (Steampo, peat oxidate Strawberry, Energen). Cikakken seedlings (ganye 3-5, tushe wuyansa tare da diamita fiye da 6 mm, mafi ƙarancin tushen 7 cm) an samo shi tare da wannan hanyar bayan watanni 2.
Bidiyo: girma strawberries daga tsaba
Lokacin sayen sayan da aka yi da kwari, kuna buƙatar kula da yanayin tushen - dole ne su kasance masu lafiya, danshi, aƙalla cm 7. Yawancin ganye na ganye akan bishiyar seedling shine 5-6, bai kamata su sami wuraren bushewa ba, wrinkles da kowane lalacewa .
Bidiyo: shirya ionan itacen Albion na shuka
Preparationasa shiri
Filin saukarwa na Albion ya kamata ya zama da warmed da rana, zama matakin kuma yana da kyau malalewa. Soilasa don strawberries ta bambanta, amma loamy, mai arziki a cikin abubuwan gina jiki ya fi dacewa. Halin ƙasa ya kamata ya zama daga ɗan acidic zuwa tsaka tsaki.
Lokacin shirya ƙasa (makonni 3-4 kafin dasa shuki) kuna buƙatar cire ciyawa daga wurin kuma ƙara haɓaka ƙasa. Ga kowane murabba'in mita yi:
- 70 g na superphosphate;
- 30 g na potassium sulfate;
- 30 g na ammonium nitrate;
- 2-2.5 buhu na humus.
Tona ƙasa mai zurfi kuma, idan ana so, sai a samar da gadaje 25-30 cm babba (ba za ku iya yin wannan ba kuma ku dasa strawberries a kan ɗakin kwana). Gidajen ƙasa waɗanda ke kan gadaje sun fi dacewa ga ruwa. Bugu da kari, dasa a kan gadaje bada shawarar a lokacin da danshi stagnates a yankin. Ya kamata gadaje su kasance a cikin kwanaki 6-7 kafin dasa shuki, saboda ƙasa ta sami lokacin daidaitawa. Nisa tsakanin gadaje (layuka) yakamata ya zama aƙalla 45-50 cm, tunda gwanayen Albion suna da girma kuma suna buƙatar isasshen sarari.
Bayan hadi, dole ne a haƙa ƙasa a hankali.
Dasa shuka
A bu mai kyau don aiwatar da dasa shuki a cikin kaka (shekaru goman karshe na watan Agusta - karshen Satumba) wanda ya sa tsirrai su ka da tushe daga bazara ta gaba su fara fitar da albarkatu. Dole ne a ɗauka a cikin zuciya cewa yakamata a kammala saitin watanni 1-1.5 kafin sanyi. A cikin yankuna masu sanyi, ana shuka strawberries a cikin bazara a farkon hunturu. Kasa zafin jiki yakamata ya zama akalla +15 ° C. Bayan dasa shuki, za a cire dukkan kafafunan farji da mustash domin sai an tura sojojin shuka su dasa, domin amfanin gonar ya jira har sai lokacin bazara mai zuwa.
Tsarin Tsarin Strawberry:
- Duba seedlings, sako dukkan tsire-tsire masu rauni.
- Cire duk ganye, banda 2-3, a gajarta dogon tsayi zuwa 7-8 cm Ana bada shawara don jiƙa seedlings a rana ɗaya a cikin ruwa tare da ƙari na mai tsara girma.
- Yi ramuka a cikin gado (tare da tazara tsakanin 30-35 cm) isa don ɗaukar girman tushen. Zuba 150-200 ml na ruwan dumi a cikin kowace rijiya.
Lokacin dasa shuki seedlings a kan gadaje an rufe shi da fim, kuna buƙatar yin ƙananan yanke a wuraren da suka dace
- Sanya tsire-tsire a cikin ramuka, yada Tushen, kuma yayyafa tare da ƙasa.
Lokacin da sauka, ba za ku iya zurfafa tushen ci gaba ba (zuciya), ya kamata ya zama matakin ƙasa
- Oye ƙasa a kewayen bushes tare da hannuwanku kuma ku shayar da shuka.
Dole ne a haɗa ƙasa da kewayen daji tare da hannuwanku
- Idan yanayin yayi zafi sosai, kuna buƙatar rufe inuwa tare da agrofibre ko bambaro na kwanaki da yawa.
An ba da sakamako mai kyau sosai ta hanyar ƙara gilashin vermicompost ko rabin gilashin humus ga kowane rijiya a ƙarƙashin tushen daji tare da 1 teaspoon na ash.
Siffofin Girma
Kodayake strawberries ba ma whimsical, amma don samun kyawun da ake samu, suna buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun - shayarwa, kayan miya, weeding, kariya ta kwaro.
Watering, takin ƙasa da kula da ƙasa
Strawberry Albion reacts a takaice ga rashin danshi - da ingancin da berries deteriorates, voids na iya bayyana a cikinsu. Koyaya, yawan shan ruwa shima cutarwa ne, yana haifar da lalata. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar yin ruwa akai-akai (kowace rana ta 12-14), amma cikin matsakaici. Kafin fure, ana bada shawara ga ruwa ta hanyar yayyafa, sannan tare da tsagi. Amma hanya mafi kyau ita ce ban ruwa, saboda ruwan yana zuwa Tushen kai tsaye.
Tsarin ban ruwa tsarin shagaban an dage farawa yayin shirya gadaje
Alsoasa kuma tana buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun. Bayan kowace ban ruwa, dole ne a tumɓuke ciyawa kuma a ɓoye ɓoyayyen ƙasa ta hanyar kwance (10-15 cm tsakanin layuka da 2-3 cm kusa da bushes). Kuna iya tseratar da kanku daga wannan mummunan aikin idan kun girma strawberries a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin baƙar fata, amma dole ne ku manta cewa wani lokaci yana tsokani da yaduwar cututtukan fungal.
Don haɓaka kayan aiki na strawberry na gyaran, ana bada shawara don cire farfajiyar a farkon motsi na fruiting. Wannan hanyar na iya ƙara yawan haɓakar girbin mai zuwa.
Manyan riguna na yau da kullun suna da mahimmanci sosai don gyaran strawberries na kowane iri-iri, tun da tsire-tsire koyaushe yana samar da amfanin gona. Mafi kyawun takin ne kwayoyin - mafita na mullein ko droppings tsuntsu, takin, taki. A cikin hanyoyin magance ruwa, ana bada shawara don ciyar da strawberries kowane mako 2-3.
Ana amfani da takin mai ma'adinai sau 3 yayin kakar girma:
- A farkon girma na matasa ganye sanya 0.5 l na urea bayani (1 tbsp. L. A guga na ruwa) da 1 daji ko 50 g / m2 nitrofoski.
- Kafin ciyawar fure ana ciyar da 2 tbsp. l nitroammophoski da 1 tsp. potassium sulfate da guga na ruwa (0.5 l da 1 daji).
- A cikin kaka, bayan an gama fruiting, 1 l na maganin 10 l na ruwa an ƙara zuwa shuka tare da ƙari na nitrophoska (2 tbsp. L.) Da kuma itacen ash (gilashin 1).
Ba za a iya wuce allurai na takin ƙasa ba - tsire ya fara gina taro mai girma zuwa ɓarɓar amfanin gona.
Strawberry amsa da kyau ga foliar saman miya:
- A cikin bazara, lokacin da ganyayyaki suka girma, fesa tare da 0.1% na manateese sulfate, maganin 0.1% na boric acid, maganin 0.05% na ammonium na molybdenum.
- A watan Agusta, yana da amfani don aiwatar da riguna na sama na foliar tare da urea (0.3%).
Wani muhimmin bangaren foliar ciyar da strawberries shine manganese sulfate.
Kariya daga cututtuka da kwari
Duk da kyakkyawar juriya ga yawancin cututtuka, magungunan rigakafi zasu zama da amfani. Musamman, ana bada shawara don amfani bayan dusar ƙanƙara, sannan a lokacin fure Fitosporin ko Glyokladin. Hakanan zaka iya ƙara tsayayya da cututtuka tare da taimakon sabulu-aidin bayani (30 saukad na aidin da 35-40 g na sabulu mai wanki a guga na ruwa).
Don kare daga kwari, prophylactic ko warkewa za a buƙata:
- Za'a iya cire daskararren ɓawon itace tare da maganin maganin ɓarnar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar colloidal (55-60 g kowace guga na ruwa).
- Pollination tare da toka ko irondehyde zai taimaka daga matsewar (3-4 g / m2) a gaban fure da bayan girbi.
- Ana iya bi da Nematodes tare da ƙwayar kwari mai ƙarfi (Dinadim, BI-58). Better yet, halakar da cutar bushes. Idan ganyen ya zama ya gajarta da maras kyau, kuma ganyen ganye ya juya, kuna buƙatar tono daji tare da tushen sa da ƙonawa.
Bishiyar kwari a cikin hoto
- Mite suna cin 'yan ganye matasa, sun gauraye, kuma arean wasan berries sun karami
- Slugs musamman aiki a cikin rigar weather, sun mamaye da berries, gnawing motsa a cikinsu
- A tsire-tsire da irin strawberry nematode lag a baya a cikin girma, juya rawaya, ganye suna maras kyau da 'ya'yan itatuwa ne karami
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A farkon kaka, kuna buƙatar fara shirya strawberries don hunturu:
- A watan Satumba, sau biyu zuwa uku don kwance kasar gona zuwa zurfin 5 cm.
- A watan Oktoba, bayan mun girbe amfanin gona na karshe, ciyawa ciyawa da kafa 5-cm na peat ko sawdust.
- A Nuwamba, bugu da coverari yana rufe gadaje da rassan spruce. Idan hunturu ya juya ya zama dusar ƙanƙara, to, ana zubar da wani yanki na bambaro ko taki da aka zuba a kan rassan spruce.
Girma strawberries a cikin tukwane na fure da ruwa
Bugu da ƙari ga namo a cikin ƙasa buɗe da kuma a cikin gidajen ƙasa, akwai wasu hanyoyi. Kamar sauran nau'in gyara, Albion za a iya girma a gida. Kowane daji ana shuka shi a cikin tukunyar filawa ta yau da kullun tare da ƙarar akalla lita 3. Mustasar dole ne ta kasance mai gina jiki kuma, a Bugu da kari, don tabbatar da ɗanɗano fruiting, kuna buƙatar ciyar da strawberries tare da mafita takin gargajiya da ma'adinai kowane mako biyu zuwa uku.
Strawberries girma a cikin tukunya akan windowsill zaiyi farin ciki berries a cikin hunturu
Wani zabin don girma strawberries Albion, wanda ya dace da masana'antu da yanayin gida, shine haɓakar hydroponic. Wannan yana nufin dasa shuki a cikin kwantena cike da garin alkama ko kayan kwakwa maimakon ƙasa. Don tabbatar da haɓaka, haɓakawa da 'ya'yan itace, tsire-tsire dole ne a kiyaye danshi, kuma duk abubuwan da ake buƙata suna kara wa ruwa ban ruwa.
A cikin hydroponics, tare da ban ruwa na ruwa, strawberries suna haɓaka da kyau kuma suna ba da 'ya'ya
Yaushe kuma yadda ake girbi
Lokacin da aka horar a cikin ƙasa, Albion iri-iri yakan haifar da raƙuman ruwa na girbi 4:
- A karshen Mayu.
- A farkon Yuli.
- A tsakiyar watan Agusta.
- A karo na biyu da rabin Satumba.
A bu mai kyau ka jira cikakkiyar cikakkiyar bishiyar. Torn mara kyau ba zai kara samun zaƙi kuma ya ci gaba da zama mai daɗi ba.
Ana girbe strawberries da hannu, da safe ko da yamma, a cikin yanayin bushe. Berries dole ne a tsince tare da stalk kuma saka a cikin kwalaye, ko pails. Ba kamar sauran iri ba, Albion yana jure kwanciya da kauri mai kauri, kusan ba zai yi crease ba. Adana amfanin gona a cikin firiji, inda zai iya kiyaye ɗanɗano da ɗanɗano don kwanaki 7-8.
Strawberries na wannan nau'ikan suna da kyau a cikin sabo sabo, kuma ana bada shawara don yin matsawa, kamar yadda berries mai yawa take riƙe da siffar su lokacin dafa shi. Amma, hakika, zaku iya amfani da amfanin gona don wasu dalilai - salads na 'ya'yan itace, wani tari, compote.
'Ya'yan itace, kyawawan albarkatun ƙasa ne na pear da sauran abubuwan sha.
Dole ne mu manta game da kaddarorin magani na strawberries. Berries taimaka inganta metabolism, da urinary da diaphoretic effects. Decoctions da infusions na strawberries suna taimakawa tare da stomatitis da pharyngitis. Infusions na ganye yana taimakawa rage karfin jini kuma yana da sakamako mai cutarwa. Hatta Tushen sun sami aikace-aikacen - ana amfani da kayan ado na maganin cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da basur.
'Yan lambu suna bita akan Strawberry Albion
A 2008, Na gwada nau'ikan NSD, ciki har da Albion. Albion ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako, wanda aka rubuta a cikin mujallar Ogorodnik A'a 5 na 2009. Abin takaici, a bara na rasa wannan nau'in, kuma yanzu zan dawo dashi.
Club Nika, Yukren//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2761
dasa wani albted potion a baranda. 'yan itacen sun zama ja sun zama burgundy amma girman mafi girma shine 30 mm (santimita 3) Ban san irin nauyin da nake da shi ba tukuna. a daji babu kawai 18 berries na masu girma dabam daga kore zuwa ja mai haske. Kamar yadda na fahimta, don albion waɗannan ƙananan berries. Me yakamata a yi domin berries na ovaries na gaba sun fi girma?
mai barci, Moscow//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=7266
Riparfafa dajin na Albion yayi daidai da ruwan sama. Sakamakon - ɓangaren litattafan almara suna da yawa, babu dandano. Zan duba gaba.
Anyuta, Kiev//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2761
Ee, babu mai yawa da yawa na wannan iri-iri, na dasa a cikin 15 yana da kadan, ya girma da kyau, ya ɗauki tushen tsince kore ganye ya ba uku berries, a cikin fall na thinned bushes, cire gashin-baki na. Na rufe shi da mara kaya a cikin hunturu na 16, Na yi sanyi sosai da greenback yana da kyau amma berries kayayyaki na tattara kadan gram 50 daga daji daga ita.A cikin kaka 16 an yi kauri amma yana da ƙarfi, a cikin hunturu bai rufe dusar ƙanƙara da wuri ba kuma yana da yawa 20-30 cm, lokacin hunturu yana da yawa, yana da huhun huhun kamar Klerry's, ya zubo shi a watan Afrilu, ya yayyafa shi da takin zamani a cikin urea, zaku iya ganin bushes ɗin suna da haske mai haske launuka sun yi kyau sosai kuma sun girma sosai, lokaci ne na uku, wannan shine yadda Albion ke nuna hali da ni, kusa da shi Siriya tana da kyau sosai tare da girma da launi da kuma berries!
Volmol, Uryupinsk//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=46&t=7266&sid=9b311da94ab9deb0b7f91e78d62f3c2c&start=15
Ana tsammanin fruiting na Albion watanni biyu bayan dasa shuki. Yana da matukar wahala a bayar da kimantawa na karshe, tunda yanayin mu ba na itace bane kwata-kwata, kuma ban magance berries da siyarwa ba. Thewanin furanni yana da yawa, babu ɗan sukari, ƙanshi na strawberry Ya kasance a gare ni cewa wannan ainihin masana'antar masana'antu ce.
Che_Honte, Melitopol//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2761
Bambancin Albion, duk da asalinsa daga California na rana, na iya girma cikin sanyi Russia. Gaskiya ne, wannan ciyawar itace ba ta haƙuri da hunturu sosai kuma a cikin yankuna na arewacin dole ne a girma a cikin yanayin greenhouse. Amma idan kun bi duk mahimman ka'idoji na kulawa, zaku iya samun girbin yalwataccen kyawawan kyawawan berries.
