Rashin ƙoshin ruwan ɗabi'a mara ma'ana: jinsuna, haifuwa da kulawa a gida

Gymnocalycium na gidan Cactus ne. A cikin vivo, yana girma a kudancin Brazil da Argentina. Akwai nau'ikan iri da iri iri, amma kaɗan ne daga cikinsu da suka dace da girma a gida. Cactus ya shahara ba wai kawai saboda kyawun yanayinsa ba, har ma saboda rashin bayyana shi cikin kulawa. Bugu da kari, yana da damar zuwa ko da a cikin lokacin da ba zai dace ba.

Jinsuna da iri

Gymnocalycium shuka ne na zamani wanda ke da tushe mai ɗaure da tushe mai zurfi waɗanda ke zurfi cikin ƙasa. Akwai nau'ikan karafa 80, amma 15 daga cikinsu kawai sun dace da girma a gida.

Speciesabi'a da nau'ikan da suka shahara sun fi shahara tare da masu furen fure:

• Gimnokalitsium Mikhanovich.

Wannan nau'in yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani. Ganye a tsaye yake ga manyan furannin rasberi ko inuwa mai ruwan inuwa, waɗanda aka kafa su a saman ɓangaren tushe.

• Bugun Brazil.

Wannan karamin murtsunguwa, wanda ya kai tsawo baifi 15 cm ba, nau'in hymnocalicium ne na Mikhanovich. Furannin tsire-tsire masu cike da ja ne, launin rawaya da ruwan lemo.

• Balbalen silima, ko Baldianum.

Wannan murtsunguwa mai launin fure tare da launin toka-kore kore a diamita bai wuce 9 cm ba. A lokacin furanni, yana da furanni da yawa fari, ruwan hoda ko launin ja mai duhu.

• Friedrich Gymnocalycium.

An bambanta Cacti na wannan nau'in ta hanyar cewa suna da ƙarancin chlorophyll. Furannin da suke da su ana fentin su ne a cikin lilac ko launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi.

• Jafanancin Jafananci.

Wadannan tsire-tsire sune nau'ikan tsiro na Freyrich hymnocalicium kuma an samo su ta hanyar ƙetare cacti na mutating.

• Gymnocalycium saglionis, ko Salon.

Wannan nau'ikan ya bambanta da wasu a cikin dogon furanni, wanda ke farawa daga bazara kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa tsakiyar kaka. A wannan lokacin, furanni, ruwan hoda, rawaya mai haske ko ja yana fitowa a ɓangaren ɓangaren akwakun.

• Salio.

Wannan nau'in yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma, saboda yana girma zuwa cm 30. Salos an bambanta shi da mai kara mai tsayi tare da dogayen layuka, waɗanda ake ɗauka ado ne.

Saukowa

Don dasa katanga, kuna buƙatar siyan karamin tukunya da aka yi da filastik ko yumbu. Dole ne ya sami ramuka don magudanar ruwa. Manyan kwantena don hymnocalycium basu dace ba, tunda shuka yana buƙatar jin tushen tsarin bangon tukunya.

Za'a iya shirya ƙasa da kansa tare da haɗuwa da waɗannan abubuwan da aka haɗa:

• 3 sassa na takardar ƙasa da yashi;
• 2 sassan ƙasa mai ƙima da peat;
• 1 yan sashin gawayi.

Soilasa don hymnocalicium dole ne ya kasance tsaka tsaki ko ƙarancin alkaline, tunda ƙasa mai acidic na murtsunguwa bata yarda da juna ba.

Za'a iya siyan Firayim da aka shirya wa cacti a shagon furen. Kafin dasa shuki, ya zama dole a sa wani yanki na magudanar ruwa a kasan tukunyar kuma bayan hakan ta cika kasar.

Yanayin ɗaukar ciki: tebur lokacin

Gymnocalycium mallakar tsire-tsire ne marasa misalta, amma akan sa akwai buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi ƙarancin yanayi wanda ya bambanta da lokacin shekara.

Zuwa zafi, hymnocalycium gaba daya bashi da ma'ana. Shuka tayi haƙuri da bushewar iska sosai kuma baya buƙatar fesawa. A gida, turkey ɗin dole ne a kiyaye shi daga zayyana, wanda hakan ke cutar da haɓakar sa.

Kulawa

Kulawa da hymnocalycium a cikin dakin yara ya ƙunshi hanyoyi masu zuwa:

• ingantaccen ruwa;
• dasawa lokaci-lokaci;
• takin zamani.

Ana buƙatar datsa kawai don lalata da kuma cacti-free chlorophyll, wanda dole ne a liƙa shi akan tushe mai siffar sauran hymnocalyciums.

Watering da ciyar

Watering ya kamata wanda bai isa ba Wajibi ne don sanyaya ƙasa yayin da samanta ya bushe. By kaka, da yawan ruwa ya kamata a kara rage. A cikin hunturu, ya isa sau 1-2 don tsawon lokacin don wadatar da ƙasa.

Ruwa don ban ruwa na murtsungu ya kamata a tace da dumi. A bu mai kyau zuwa dan kadan acidify tare da ruwan lemun tsami.

An ba da shawarar don ciyar da hymnocalicium ba sau da yawa fiye da sau ɗaya a wata. Kamar yadda takin zamani, ya zama dole a yi amfani da gaurayawan abubuwa tare da karancin abun cikin nitrogen ga cacti da succulents A wannan yanayin, maida hankali ne yakamata ya zama rabin abin da aka nuna a cikin umarnin. A cikin hunturu da kaka, takin shuka ba shi ake bukata ba.

Alurar riga kafi

Hanyar da za a iya cire dan murtsunguwa ana kiranta grafting. A lokacin, an yanke saman hymnocalycium wanda ba shi da lafiya kuma yana zuwa cikin babban koshin lafiya. A lokaci guda, ana kiran sashin tsire wanda yakamata a ɗauka ana kiransa graft, kuma ana kiran sandin da ake amfani da shi don grafting.

Yayin aiwatarwa ana buƙatar:

1. Aauki wuka mai kaifi ka tsabtace shi.
2. Yi yanka a kan jari da scion kuma haɗa su.
3. Gyara cactus a cikin wannan wurin tare da bandeji.
4. Cire shi bayan tsire-tsire sun girma tare (bayan kimanin kwanaki 5-7).

Juyawa

Hymnocalicium baya buƙatar ɗaukar jigilar abubuwa akai-akai. An ba da shawarar samfurori na tsofaffi su jujjuya shi fiye da sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru biyu. A bu mai kyau don aiwatar da hanya a cikin bazara. Sabon tukunyar ya kamata ya zama 2 cm a diamita mafi girma fiye da na baya.

Ana aiwatar da juyawa kamar haka:

1. An cire kwandon daga tukunyar kuma an tsaftace tsohuwar ƙasa.
2. An wanke shuka a cikin ruwan zafi kuma an bushe shi tsawon kwanaki 2.
3. An dasa hymnocalicium cikin sabon akwati mai ɗauke da magudanar ruwa.
4. An tukunya tukunya cike da madara don cacti.

Bayan dasawa, ba a bada shawarar shayar da hymnocalicium har sati guda.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Ana iya yada fure ta hanyoyi guda biyu:

• ta hanyar tsaba;
• karaya a kaikaice.

Ana amfani da hanyar farko sau da yawa. Jinsunan da ba su da Chlorophyll ana yada su ta hanyar alurar riga kafi. Amma idan, a lokacin pruning, ciyawar da ke da cuta ba ta shafi kan lafiya mai kyau, to don yaduwa duka scion ɗin da hannun jari ya kasance cikin yanayi mai kyau. Sauran hanyoyin ana aiwatar da su kamar su pruning.

Shuka tsaba

Shuka tsaba za a iya za'ayi a kowane lokaci na shekara. Da farko kuna buƙatar shirya karamin tukunya mara ƙanƙara da ingantaccen kayan grained. An ba da shawarar ku fara maganin ƙwayar ƙasa a cikin tanda don gurɓatar da shi. Bayan haka kuna buƙatar cika ƙasa a cikin tukunyar da aka zaɓa kuma ku sanya shi.

Ana yin ta ne ta hanyar tsaba:

1. Shuka tsaba a saman ƙasa.
2. Rufe su da fim ko jakar filastik.
3. Fesa lokaci-lokaci ƙasa daga kwalban SPRAY ko ruwa da plantings ta sump.

A cikin dakin wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau don ƙwaya mai shuka, wato, don kula da zazzabi tsakanin + 18 ... 20 ° C kuma don samar da tsire-tsire tare da isasshen haske. Seedlings girma daga tsaba girma da sauri, kuma bayan shekara suka ya kamata a transed cikin tukwane.

Yin amfani da Yankunan Shafuka

Tsarin Lateral

Ana kiran 'yan yara gefen. Dole ne a tsage su daga curin cinyar mahaifiyar ta hanyar juyawa kaɗan. Yara suna rarrabe cikin sauƙi, tunda kusan basu da tsarin tushen nasu. Wani lokaci akwai tushen a cikin yadudduka, tare da ma'amala tare da babban rhizome, kuma a wannan yanayin, ya kamata a kula da tushen 'ya'yan. To sai su yi aiki bisa ga tsarin nan mai zuwa:

1. Bushe hanyoyin da aka rabu har kwana biyu.
2. Cika tukwane da abin da keɓaɓɓiyar abubuwa da shayar da shi.
3. Sanya yaran a cikin kwantena masu kwanciyar hankali.

A harbe dauki tushen da sauri isa. Kuna buƙatar kulawa da su kamar yadda ɗaukar hymnocalycium.

Matsalar girma

Matsaloli a cikin girma hymnalicium a cikin yanayi dakin tashi a lokacin da shuka ne da kyau kula da shi. Mafi sau da yawa, masu girbi na fure suna fuskantar matsaloli masu zuwa:

Idan tushen murtsunguwa ya yi duhu, amma ya kasance bushe da wuya ga taɓawa, to wannan sabon abu yana nuna farkon tsarin samfuran. A wannan yanayin, babu matakan musamman da ya kamata a ɗauka.

Cutar da kwari

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, kwari suna rayuwa a cikin ƙasa ko kuma motsawa ga wani murtsunguwa daga wasu tsirrai na cikin gida. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan cututtukan masu zuwa suna kai hari ga hymnocalicium:

Kwaro	Alamomin kamuwa da cuta	Yadda za'a gyara matsalar	Bayyanar hoto akan misalin cacti
Alade ja kaska	Bayyanar kananan bushe tsatsa aibobi	Idan gidan ba shi da cacti sama da 2, to kowane tsire-tsire da ya shafa yana buƙatar a wanke shi da ruwan zafi da kuma auduga na swab tare da barasa ethyl. Idan tarin hymnocalyciums yana da yawa, to dole ne a kula da mara lafiyar da maganin acaricides (Actellik, Fitoverm)
Mealybug	Juyawar ci gaba; rashin fure; bayyanar farin plaque	Cire hymnocalycium daga tukunya ka riƙe shi na mintina 15 a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudu. Idan farin plaque ya kafa akan mai tushe, to kuna buƙatar wanke duk tsire, kuma ba kawai tushen tsarin ba. Idan wanka masu zafi ba su taimaka ba, to ya kamata a fesa maganin a cikin mako-mako tare da maganin kashe kwari (Aktara)
Garkuwa	Samuwar ƙananan tubis na launin ruwan kasa	Cire scab tare da dattin zane. Bayan haka yana da kyau a kula da murfin katako tare da shirin kashe kwari

Amma game da cututtuka, mafi yawan lokuta hymnocalycium yana shan wahala daga tushen tsarin, wanda ke faruwa tare da yawan wuce haddi. Signsyõyin wannan cuta ne tsumburai girma da rashin fure. An warware matsalar kamar haka:

1. Tushen da aka ji rauni ana datsa tare da kayan aiki mai iyawa (wuƙa, almakashi).
2. Ana wanke tsarin tushe da ruwan zafi.
3. Tushen ana sarrafa su ta hanyar murɗa baƙin ƙarfe ko ash.
4. Jirgin motsa jiki yana bushe kuma yana jujjuya shi a cikin tukunyar da ke cike da kayan maye.

Tare da kulawa da ta dace, hymnocalycium zai faranta wa mai furanni fure tare da fure kuma zai zama kyakkyawan kayan ado ga kowane ciki. Shuka shuka ba ya buƙatar ƙwarewa na musamman kuma ko da mai farawa zai iya shawo kan wannan sauƙi.